A Brief History of Tree Planting in the South

70% of Tree Planting on Non-Industrial Private Forest Land Involves some form of cost share Agricultural Conservation Program 1936 to 1996 – 2.9 million acres ACP became EQIP in 1996.

Soil Bank Program 1956 to 1960 – 1.9 million acres Over 90% remained in trees many have been harvested and replanted.

Forestry Incentives Program 1974 to 2002 – 2.9 million acres Stewardship Incentive Program 1990 to 2002 – 250,000 acres Conservation Reserve Program 1985 to Present – 2.2 million acres Wetlands Reserve Program 1990 to Present – 1.2 million acres

Total Tree Planting in the South: 1925 – 2012

3000000

CRP

2500000

CRP 2

2000000 1500000

Soil Bank

503 acres 1st gen 1000000

CCC

500000 0

Conservation Reserve Program Acres Planted 1985 – 2011

Conservation Reserve Program – Hardwood Planting NRCS Hardwood Planting Practices: 3A Hardwood 22 Riparian Buffers 23 Wetland Restoration 31 Bottomland Hardwood

Forestry Incentive Program Acres Planted 1974 – 2002

   

Plantations in the South

46. 3 Million Acres including industry (NOT State or Fed)

42.8 Million Acres Pine 3.5 Million Acres Hardwood 30 Million Acres is Corporate (1985 Region 8 RPA summary ) 16 Million Acres is Non-Corporate (1985 Region 8 RPA summary ) 14 Million acres (approximately) from all conservation programs 30% of all Plantations 87% of all Non-Corporate Plantations !

9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 1985 RPA DATA Pine Hdwd

3000000 2500000 2000000

State Nurseries and Total Tree Planting in the South: 1925 – 2013 42 State Nurseries CRP 25 State Nurseries 46 State Nurseries CRP 2 Soil Bank 16 State Nurseries

1500000

17 State Nurseries

503 acres 1st gen 1000000

CCC

500000 0

Southern State Forest Nurseries 1920 - 2012 Alabama

John R. Miller Nursery Jake Stauffer Nursery Edward A. Hauss Nursery

Arkansas

Bluff City Nursery

Bacum Nursery Louisiana

Alexander State Forest Nursery Oberlin Nursery Northwest Nursery Monroe Nursery

Columbia Nursery Beauregard Nursery South Carolina

Camden Nursery Georgetown Nursery Sumpter Nursery Tilghman Nursery Old Piedmont Nursery Coastal Nursery

Taylor Nursery

New Piedmont Nursery Rock Hill Nursery

Florida

Prison Farm Nursery Munson Nursery Harry Baker Nursery

M D Andrews Nursery

Herren Nursery

Mississippi

Mt. Olive Nursery Winona Nursery Waynesboro Nursery

Tennessee

Pinson Nursery

East Tennessee Nursery Georgia

Herty Nursery Davisboro Nursery Flowery Branch Hightower Nursery Horseshoe Bend Page-Walker Nursery Morgan Nursery

Flint River Nursery North Carolina

Griffith Nursery J.S. Holmes Nursery

Goldsboro Nursery

Ralph Edwards Nursery

Linville River Nursery Texas

Conroe Nursery Kirbyville Nursery Indian Mound Magnolia Springs

West Texas Nursery

Red indicates still in operation.

Kentucky

Pennyrile Nursery Louisville Nursery

John P. Rhody Nursery Morgan County Nursery Oklahoma

Stillwater Nursery

Forest Regeneration Center

Broken Bow Nursery Peary

Virginia

Charlottesville New Kent Forestry Center

Augusta Forestry Center Garland Gray Forestry Center

(16 state forest nurseries are currently operating in the South)

Conifer Seedling Production

1925 Seedling Production 16,100 State 9,611,700 Private 11,831,400 Industry 1,380,400 Federal

=> 22,839,600 934,745,000 <=

2012 Seedling Production 123,794,000 State 453,329,000 Private 357,622,000 Industry 0 Federal

Hardwood Seedling Production

1965 Hardwood Seedling Production State Nurseries 7,622,300 Industry Nurseries 1,684,000

Total 9,306,300

2012 Hardwood Seedling Production State Nurseries 15,154,000 Industry Nurseries 22,430,000

Total 37,584,000

Total Tree Planting in the South: 1925 – 2012

3 000 000 2 500 000 2 000 000 1 500 000 1 000 000 500 000 0

Tree Planting in the Southeast 1925 – 2012

Acres Planted 1925 - 2012 93,863,853 acres 1 square mile = 0.0015625

acres 93,863,853 X 0.0015625

146,662 146,662 sq. miles 93,863,853 acres Were Planted Between 1925 and 2012

Tree Planting in the Southeast 1925 – 2012

Acres Planted 1925 - 2012

SC 32,020 + GA 59,425 + AL 52419 = 143,864 146,662 square miles

• • • • • • •

Tree Planting in the United States

This annual report was begun in 1952 by the Washington Office National Nursery Specialist.

The National Nursery Specialist position was eliminated during downsizing in the early 1990’s.

Bob Moulton an analyst in the Washington Office took over the Tree Planting Report.

In 1999 Bob Moulton retired and George Hernandez assumed the responsibly for producing the report.

In 2000 the Washington Office made the decision to discontinue producing the Tree Planting Report.

In 2002 the Auburn University Forest Nursery Management Cooperative issued their first Tree Planting in the South report.

In 2010 Forest Inventory and Analysis offered to provide funding to State & Private Forestry to produce a Tree Planting Report.

Hernandez assumed the responsibly for producing the Tree Planting in the United States report in 1999 in time to oversee it’s demise.

Sadly, this was not the first instance of an asset being considered outdated.

Georgia Forestry Commission Reforestation Report

• • • • The Southern Group of State Foresters agreed to collaboratively produce a report of the annual regeneration occurring across the South. The Georgia Forestry Commission volunteered to collate the data and produce the report. State forestry agencies compliance with the call for data was an issue from the beginning of this project and data quality was often challenged by state partners.

Participation by state partners was sporadic and eventually only a few state continued to provide the Georgia Forestry Commission with their data.

Auburn Seedling Production Survey Protocol

• The Auburn University Southern Forest Nursery Management Cooperative began a region-wide annual survey of Seedling Production. • Two page questionnaire sent in June to all available nursery addresses (220+/-) in 12 southern states. • Follow up telephone calls made to maximize participation and update addresses.

• Data from 50-60 nurseries annually.

• Compiled by State, Ownership, Species & Stock Type.

FIA/S&PF Seedling Production Survey Protocol

• • • • • • • In 2010, the FIA/Southern Region S&PF began a nation-wide annual survey of Seedling Production. Purdue University gathers data from 20 states in the Northeast University of Idaho gathers data from 17 states in the West Auburn University gathers data from 13 states in the South A questionnaire was sent in June 2011 to all nurseries listed in the USDA Forest Service Directory of Forest & Conservation Nurseries (220+/-) in all 50 states. Follow up emails, and telephone calls were made to non-responders to maximize participation and update addresses.

The data collected and compiled by State, and includes Ownership, Species Grown and Stock Type (bareroot or container).

Tree Planting Comparison by sub-Region, 2012

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

Tree Planting Trend in the South

Southeast South Central Total South Years

Nursery Production Compared with FIA Data by State, 2012

600,000 Nursery Production 500,000 FIA 5+ Years Average Annual 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 AL AR FL GA KY LA MS NC OK SC TN TX VA

Nursery Production Compared with FIA Data by sub-Region, 2012

1.8

Nursery Production

1.6

FIA 5+ Years Average Annual

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Southeast South Central Total South

Seedling Production Comparison by sub-Region, 2012

800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0

South Bareroot Container

100 90 30 20 10 0 80 70 60 50 40

Bareroot Container North Southeast South Central Total South Northeast North Central Total North

10 9 8 3 2 1 7 6 5 4

Rocky Mountain Bareroot Container Great Plains Inter- mountainTotal Rocky Mountain

100 90 80 30 20 10 0 70 60 50 40

West Bareroot Container Pacific Northwest Pacific Southwest Total Pacifc Coast

Seedling Production, North and Canada, 2012

70.0

60.0

50.0

40.0

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0

Bareroot

North

Container Container (Canada) Northeast North Central Total North

C