Transcript PT 2 welly
Sistem pangan dan gizi Subsistem Produksi Distribusi Subsistem Ketersediaan Subsistem Konsumsi KETAHANAN PANGAN Lingkungan : -Fisik -Budaya -Ekonomi -(dayabeli) Perilaku 2 1 Status gizi masyarakat Fasilitas yankes 3 4 Genetik Lahan luas & kesuburan Kebutuhan permintaan Subsistem produksi Harga Penerapan teknologi Sub Sistem ketersediaan pangan produksi Impor/ masuk Daya beli Ketersediaan Tk. wilayah Ekspor/ keluar Lapangan Kerja di luar pertanian Ketersediaan Di Rmt Distrib. Makanan Dlm rmt Status Gizi Subsistem konsumsi Lingkungan Fisik & Bud. Daya beli Ketersediaan Pangan dlm rmt Kesehatan individu Konsumsi individu Distrib. Dlm rmt Status gizi Klp. rawan Bawon, Alih fungsi lahan produksi Kemiskinan 19,15% Daya beli impor Ketersediaan Pangan dlm Wilayah : Nikah dini 21% SDM Pendidikan D/S” 73,6% Diare : 49,04 % TB paru: 6,2% DBD : 9,88 % Ketersediaan Pangan dlm rmt KEP 10,4 % (11558) AKG: 61,5 % ekpor Akar masalah Sebab tak langsung Sebab langsung KRISIS MULTI DIMENSI KEMISKINAN 19,15 % KURANG PENDIDKAN PENGETAHUAN KETRAMPILAN POKOK MASALAH PERSEDIAAN PANGAN TAK CUKUP POLA ASUH MAKAN TAK SEIMBANG DIARE :2,87 % AIR BERSIH SANITASI & YAN. KES DAS KEP 9,8 Gizi Brk 0,7 S D M Keturunan (Kependudukan,Jumlah, Distribusi, Angka pertumbuhan, Genetik) Lingkungan Kesehatan STATUS KESEHATAN (Sosio-Budaya, Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Politik) Perilaku Masyarakat Pelayanan Kesehatan (Preventive, Curative, Rehabilitative, Promotive) Keturunan (Kependudukan,Jumlah penduduk, Distribusi penduduk, Angka pertumbuhan, Struktur piramida, Genetik) STATUS GIZI MASYARAKAT PERSPEKTIF PEMBANGUNAN DAN EKOLOGI Terminologi : “ Hubungan Ekologi, Pangan dan Gizi” Kasus 1 : Masalah Gizi pada keluarga Nelayan Pengambilan ikan dengan bahan peledak akibat karang rusak, plankton mati, ikan berkurang. Ikan kurang Produktivitas rendah Pendapatan Rendah Ketersedian Makanan rendah Juml anak banyak Asupan gizi kurang Masalah Gizi Kurang meningkat Environment ? (Lingkungan) “ Circumtances, object or condition by which in surrounded” The complex of physical, chemical and biotic factors that act upon organism or an ecologogical community that ultimately determinant its form and survival The process of organizing and allocating resources (renewable and unrenewable) with the goal of monitoring and enhancing existing long term / run productivity of natural system Sustainability Natural Resources Productivity Equity Source : World Bank As the result ? Human being very well, if we can optimalize to the use of natural resources Food & Nutrition Planning Environmental Management Kegagalan produksi SANGAT DINI Persediaan pangan di masy. berkurang Krisis Ekonomi DINI Persediaan Makanan tingkat RT berkurang Pendapatan berkurang TERLAM BAT Asupan Gizi berkurang Daya beli berkurang PREVENTIF KURANG GIZI KURATIF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND NATIONAL/REGIONAL FOOD SECURTY (DKP, 2002) Regional Food Production Community Food Stock Food Trading: •Between region •Between countries Availability in the Market Food Stocks: •Between region •Between countries FOOD AID Household Food Stock Household HH Food Production (on-farm) Food Security HH Income Other income sources (off-farm & non-farm) Food vulnerability With or without hunger and undernutrition II. DETERMINANT OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY Employment, Wages Remittances, Rural/Urban Transfers Income and Resources of Households Household expenditure on non foods Household Time PRICES (FOOD) Household Expenditure on Food Food Consumption (HH and Individual Nutritional Status (Individual Policies & Program II. POLICY AND PROGRAM PRICES (FOOD) Employment, Wages Remittances, Rural/Urban Transfers Household Time Source:Von Braun, et al (93) Employment Programs Income and Resources of Households Household expenditure on non foods Macroeconomic Policy (Trade, exchange rate, Fiscal, agriculture, etc) Income Generation (on & of farm activities) Household Expenditure on Food Food Related Transfer (Food Stamp, etc Food Consumption (HH and Individual Supplementary Feeding Nutritional Status (Individual Health and Sanitation Services KEPENDUDUKAN & STATUS GIZI 1. Jumlah penduduk besar merupakan asset nasional sangat berharga 2. Pertumbuhan penduduk tinggi akan mempengaruhi jumlah, struktur piramida penduduk, jenis penyakit dan pelayannnya 3. Pada bagian lain perlu penyiapan berbagai fasilitas & sarana untuk tumbuh kembang, pendidikan, lapangan kerja, kebutuhan pangan + gizi tinggi 4. Distribusi pangan yang tidak merata gangguan jumlah + kualitas asupan gizi 5. Perubahan asupan zat gizi manifestasi klinis & sub klinis Terima Kasih