Unequal Opportunities Chapter 5, Lesson 3

Mr. Julian’s 5th grade class

Essential Question 

How did prejudice and segregation affect people’s lives?

 Chicago, Illinois  Tuskegee, Alabama Places

 Jack L. Cooper  W.E.B. Du Bois  Booker T. Washington  George Washington Carver  Ida Wells-Barnett People

 Tenant  Enfranchise  Great Migration Vocabulary

The South after Reconstruction  After the Civil War, the south was the poorest part of the country until the 1930’s.

 Many blacks and poor whites became tenant farmers, or someone who pays rent to use land or buildings.

 The South’s poverty was due to the destruction caused from the Civil War.

The South after Reconstruction  Three institutions grew up in the South in a reaction to the poverty and the lack of the federal governments involvement.

 1. Sharecropping  2. One-party politics  3. Racial segregation  Southern Democrats turned to the recently enfranchised , or having the right to vote, African Americans

Prejudice and Segregation  Jim Crow Laws made segregation legal in the south.

 Not only African American faced prejudice and segregation, in some areas Hispanics also faced harsh treatment.

 Chinese in the West faced brutal treatment.

 In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act became law preventing Chinese immigration.

Prejudice and Segregation  Different racial or ethnic groups were segregated well into the 1900’s.  One way this happened was to limit housing.

Great Migration  Many African Americans living in the South began looking for a better life.

 Northern newspapers told of better jobs and homes for African Americans  Friends that had moved to the north also told of a better life in the north.

 A Chicago, Illinois Defender, encouraged African Americans to come to Chicago.

newspaper, The Chicago

Great Migration  Many organizations tried to help those that had recently arrived to the North.

 Between 1915 and the 1940’s, more than a million African Americans moved north.

 This movement became know as the Great Migration .

 There were many jobs available in factories in the north, especially when the United States entered World War One in 1917.

Life in the North  Life in the North was not as welcoming as many African Americans had hoped.

 Many whites would refuse to rent to African Americans so they were forced into overcrowded neighborhoods.

 There were many jobs for black workers but they rarely would get promoted as often as white workers.

Life in the North  Some did find a better life.

 Jack L. Cooper becoming the first African American disc jockey.

created his own radio show,  Most blacks earned more money and had better lives than those that lived in the South.

New Leaders Arise  African American leaders spoke out against discrimination.

 W.E.B. Du Bois , in 1909, helped form the N.A.A.C.P. (National Association for the Advancement for Colored People).

 Booker T.Washington

, in 1881, founded the Tuskegee Institute, in Tuskegee, Alabama  George Washington Carver at Tuskegee joined the staff

Others Join the Fight  Ida Wells-Barnett helped form an African American newspaper.  She also tried to get voting rights for African American women.

 She also fought, and won, a battle to avoid segregation in Illinois.

Timeline  1877 - Reconstruction ends  1909 - The NAACP is formed  1915 - The Great Migration Begins