Transcript Grade 8 Birth Control Presentation

Adapted from: Puberty: Choosing a Contraceptive that’s
Right for You. SexualityandU.ca, 2010
BIRTH CONTROL
(CONTRACEPTION)
OPTIONAL ACTIVITY:
BIRTH CONTROL BASICS
ABSTINENCE
ABSTINENCE
• What is abstinence?
• Why choose abstinence?
• Why could choosing abstinence be
challenging?
• What are alternative ways that a person who is
abstinent can be intimate with a partner?
• How will I know if I’m not ready for sex?
ABSTINENCE
There is more than one possible definition of sexual
abstinence between two consenting people:
• avoiding vaginal intercourse (penis to vagina sex),
• avoiding oral (mouth to penis or vagina sex) and anal
intercourse (penis to anus sex), or
• avoiding genital contact (any type of direct touching
of the partner's penis or vagina)
Abstaining is not necessarily forever, and it is not only
for virgins.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
HORMONAL
BIRTH CONTROL
THE PILL
• A hormonal method that contains:
1. estrogen and progesterone or
2. progesterone only
•
•
•
•
Prevents the release of a mature egg
Thickens cervical mucous
Changes the lining of the uterus
Typical effectiveness rate is 92-99.7%
TRANSDERMAL PATCH
• A patch that releases hormones through the
skin
• Thin, smooth and beige patch
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 92-99%
VAGINAL RING
• Soft and flexible ring, inserted into the vagina
• The ring slowly releases hormones while in the
vagina for 3 weeks
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 92-99%
INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVE
• An injection of progestin administered every
12 to 13 weeks
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 97-99.7%
INTRAUTERINE SYSTEM - IUS
• A T-shaped device inserted into the uterus
containing the hormone levonorgestrel
• Inserted into the uterus of women by physician
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 98%
HORMONAL BIRTH CONTROL
• Side effects that may occur during the first few
months on hormonal contraception include :






irregular bleeding, spotting
nausea
mood swings
bloating
breast tenderness
headaches
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION
•
•
•
•
•
Can be taken up to 5 days after intercourse
The sooner it is taken, the better it works
Delays or prevents the release of an egg
May prevent implementation of a fertilized egg
95 % effective if taken within 24 hours after
intercourse
• 85% effective if taken 25-48 hours after intercourse
• 58% effective if taken 49-72 hours after intercourse
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
NON HORMONAL
BIRTH CONTROL
BARRIER METHODS
MALE CONDOM
• Thin latex or polyurethane that fits over an
erect penis
• Catches sperm during ejaculation to prevent it
from entering the vaginal/cervical canal
• Typical effectiveness is 85-98%
• Demonstration
FEMALE CONDOM
• Polyurethane sheath inserted into the vagina
• Provides a physical barrier to prevent sperm
from entering cervical canal
• Sperm is trapped in the condom, which is
thrown away after use
• Typical effectiveness rate is 79-95%
INTRAUTERINE DEVICE - IUD
• A T-shaped device with a copper wire that
contains no hormones
• Inserted into the uterus of women by physician
• Prevents sperm from fertilizing the egg
• Decreases the ability of the sperm to penetrate
the cervical mucus
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 92-99%
SPONGE AND SPERMICIDES
• The sponge is a soft, disposable, device with a
spermicide
• Typical effectiveness is 68 – 84%
• Fits over the cervix
• Traps and absorbs sperm to increase effect of
spermicide
• Spermicide in the sponge disables the sperm
• Effective for up to 12 hours
• Spermicides disable sperm
• Typical effectiveness is 71-82%onge
SURGICAL
METHODS
FEMALE STERLIZATION
• A surgical procedure to close or block the
fallopian tubes ensuring sperm and egg do
not meet
MALE STERILIZATION
• Vasectomy - A surgical procedure to close or
block the vas deferens
THE CLINIC
• Located at 50 King St at the corner of King
and Ridout by Budweiser Gardens
• Birth control clinic, STI clinic and needle
exchange
• Free testing and treatment of most STIs
• Inexpensive birth control and morning after
pill