INSECT CLASSIFICATION

KIND PHILLIP CAME OVER FOR GOOD SPAGHETTI !!!

Phyllum Arthropoda

• • • • • Exoskeleton Segmented legs & body Bilateral symmetry Ventral nerve cord Dorsal blood pump

Class Arachnida (arachnids): spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, etc.

Arachnids possess: 2 body segments - cephalothorax and abdomen 8 legs; 1 pair of chelicerae; no antennae

Class Chilopoda (centipedes)

Chilipods possess: many body segments 1 pair of legs per body segment; 1 pair of antennae 1st pair of legs modified into venomous fangs

Class Diplopoda (millipedes)

Diplopods possess: Many body segments 2 pair of legs per body segment; 1 pair of antennae

Class Crustacea (crustaceans): crabs, shrimp, barnacles, sowbugs, etc.

Crustaceans possess: Several body segments - head, thorax and abdomen Segments may be fused; Varied number of legs 2 pairs of antennae

Class Insecta (Insects); beetles, bugs, wasps, moths, flies, etc.

Insects possess: 3 body segments 6 legs 1 pair of antennae Diverse modifications to appendages

KINGDOM DIVISION CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES

KINGDOM PHYLUM Animalia Arthropoda CLASS Insecta ORDER Hymenoptera FAMILY GENUS Apidae

Apis

SPECIES melifera

BIONOMIAL NOMENCLATURE

Apis melifera L.

     2 part scientific naming of species First part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs The second part identifies the species within the genus Designated in Latin First adopted by Carl Linnaeus in 1753

KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS Plantae Tracheophyta Angiospermae ORDER Sapindales FAMILY GENUS Aceraceae Acer SPECIES rubrum

KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS Animalia Chordata ORDER Mammalia Primatales FAMILY GENUS Hominidae Homo SPECIES sapian

Insect classification

 Approx. 30 orders of insects  Classified by  type of development   type of mouthparts wings (number and placement)

Order Orthoptera

 Crickets  Grasshoppers

Order Orthoptera

 Simple development  Chewing mouthparts  Two pairs of wings/ first set are thickened and leather-like

Orthoptera wings Posterior wings are light for flying

Orthoptera

Order Dermaptera

 Earwings

Order Dermaptera

 Short wing covers-second pair not always developed  Simple development  Chewing mouthparts  Have terminal forceps  20 species in North America

Order Hemiptera – True Bugs

 Bed bugs  Stink bugs  Wheelback bug

Order Hemiptera

 Simple development  Sucking mouthparts  Two pairs of wings (hemelytron forewing)

Order Homoptera

 Leafhoppers  Cicadas  aphids

Suborder Homoptera

•Simple development •Sucking mouthparts •Two pairs of membrane type wings

1 2

Adult cicada

Order Lepidoptera

  Butterflies Moths

Order Lepidoptera

•Complete development-larvae are caterpillars •Larvae have chewing mouth parts •Two pairs of wings, covered with scales

Scaled wings

Order Coleoptera

 Beetles

Order Coleoptera

•Complete development- larvae are grubs •Chewing mouthparts larvae and adults •Two pairs of wings-first hardened into wing covers (elytra)

Order Coleoptera

Adult beetle

Asian Lady Beetle

Japanese beetle grubs

< 3 pairs of legs

Order Diptera- Flies

•Complete development-larvae are maggots •Chewing mouthparts in larvae/ variable in adults •Adults only have 1 pair of wings

Horse fly

< 1 pair of wings

Rat-tailed maggots

larvae have no legs

Order Hymenoptera

  Bees Wasps  Ants  Sawflies

Order Hymenoptera

•Complete development-larvae are maggot like •Chewing mouthparts in larvae •Two pairs of wings • both membrane-like hooked together to work as one

Elm sawfly adult

Hymenoptera wings

Sawfly larvae

Order Ephemeroptera

• mayflies

Order Ephemeroptera

• • • Delicate bodies with four wings (front pair much larger) many cross veins Mouth parts of the chewing type but rudimetary Incomplete development, aquatic larval stage

Order Odonata

 Dragon flies  Damsel flies

Order Odonata

 Adults have 4 wings of equal size, membranous  Chewing mouthparts, well developed  Incomplete development, aquatic larval stage

Order Neuroptera

• • Dobson flies Lacewings

Order Neuroptera

• • • • Chewing and biting mouthparts Feed on other insects and small animals Four wings, well veined Complete metamorphosis

Order Trichoptera

• Caddis flies

Order Trichoptera

• • • • • Soft bodied Four membranous wings with numerous longitudinal veins Mouth parts rudimentary Antennae and legs are long Complete development

Order Thysanura

• silverfish

Order Thysanura

• • • • Apterygota (no wings) Ametabolous developement Abdomen has 11 segments Covered in scales

Order Mantodea

• Praying mantids

Order Mantodea

• • • • Predatory insects closely related to roaches Front pair of legs are armed with strong spines to grasp prey Four wings, membranous with soft covering Incomplete development

Order Blattaria

• Roaches

Order Blattaria

• • • • • 4,000 species worldwide Cursorial (adapted for running) Wings are generally present though in some they are much reduced chewing mouthparts Incomplete development

Order Isoptera

• Termites

Order Isoptera

• • • • Chewing mouthparts (modified in soldiers for nest defense) 2 equal wings present only in reproductive stage Incomplete development Social insects

Order Siphonaptera

 Fleas

Order Siphonaptera

 Piercing, sucking mouthparts, feed on blood   Apterygota Complete metamorphosis