Bucharest, 16-17 May 2013

SOME GENERAL ASPECTS ON DAIRY CATTLE IN ROMANIA

H. GROSU, I.N.C.D.B.N.A.-BALOTESTI

• • • • • • • •

ITEMS

AGRICULTURAL LAND; AGRICULTURAL CONTRIBUTION ON GDP; CONTRIBUTION OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY TO AGRICULTURAL SECTOR; EVOLUTION OF THE LIVESTOCK; MILK PRODUCTION; MILK CONSUMTION; EVOLUTION OF THE FORAGE SUPPLY; SOME CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE IBNA INSTITUTE TO SUPPORT THE DAIRY SECTOR IN ROMANIA

Agricultural land , by destination 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0

14709,3 9423,3 4861,4 424,6 2007 14702,3 14684,9 14635,5 9415,1 9422,5 9405 4862,4 421,8 2008 suprafata agricola 4841,8 4818,5 420,6 Arabil 2009 Pasuni+fanete 412 2010 Altele 13298 8305 4494 182 2011

Contribution of agriculture, forestry and fishery to the GDP

6,1 5,9 5,7 5,5 6,9 6,7 6,5 6,3

5,8 2007 6,6 2008 6,4 2009 6 6,5 2010 2011

Contribution of animal production to the total agricultural production 45 29 27 25 37 35 33 31 43 41 39 1998 43,9 34,5 1999 37,1 36,1 41,6 2000 2001 2002 34,9 30,4 39,1 2003 2004 2005 37,2 38,3 31,6 2006 2007 2010

Livestock numbers 1989-2012

Evolution

EVOLUTION of the total livestock and of the origin livestock in 1989 – 2012 (Source: INS, MADR 2013) – mil. animals

Origin livestock per county, %, in 2013 (Source, MADR 2013)

Evolution of cattle farm size, 2007 - 2012 (Source, MADR 2013) 30 20 10 0 80 70 60 50 40 72,44 21,25 4,02 2,3 69,61 22,59 4,83 2,98 64,32 26,43 5,77 3,49

2007 2008 % 1-2 capete din total 2009 %3-20 capete din total

59,43 30 6,52 4,05

2010 % 21-100 capete din total

59,72 29,35 6,41 4,53

2011

58,05

% peste 100 capete din total

30,57 6,89 4,49

2012

80 76,8 73,4 70 EVOLUTION of the proportion of artificial insemination in 1992 – 2012 (Source: ANARZ, 2013) 60 54 54 53 54 50 40 45 47 46 46 47 36 36 38 40 30 20 1992 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

EVOLUTION of the cows in MILK RECORDING in 1995 – 2012 (Source: ANARZ, 2013) 12 10 9,56 10,73 9,84 8,88 7,94 8 6 5,29 5,51 5,63 5,64 5,66 6,26 4 2 1,32 1,75 1,91 0 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Livestock production 2001-2012

Average production per animal

4000 3500 EVOLUTION of the average milk production – liters/cow, in 1989 – 2012 (Source: INS, MADR 2013) 3493 3510 3688 3564 3653 3807 3540 3014 3133 3263 3371 3000 2500 2000 1958 2245 2595 1500 1989 1991 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

MILK YIELD/COW IN SOME COUNTRIES

(Source: EUROSTAT, 2011)

12000 10000 9616 9583 9118 8000 8152 8131 7595 7570 7103 7011 6773 6000 4000 3583 2000 0 C ore ea de S ud Is ra el S U A S ue di a D ane m ar ca C ana da Fi nl and a Ja pon ia Ta ri le de J M os ar ea B rit ani e R om ani a

Top 10 herds belonging to RGCA

No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

HERD HEJJA GERGELY I.I.

Ferma Badeana SC GHENIA FARM SRL TOP STAR 2000 SRL FERMA TARZII AGRO-VET-SRL MILK-PROD SRL S.C. AGROINVEST SRL I.F. MUNTEANU VIORICA S.C. Horticola International Sevis County Covasna Vaslui Ialomita Covasna Vaslui Covasna Covasna Iasi Iasi Total lactation 305 D lactation (EM) No.

cattle

8 48 247 23 94 19 52 29

L Kg G Kg P Kg L Kg G Kg P Kg

11032.2 446.4 368.5 8987.3 365.3 309.5

10572.8 441.0 384.2 9440.9 397.5 332.6

9893.6

372.6 336.8 7890.3 297.6 285.0

9614.2

356.5 310.7 7899.4 293.6 264.1

9206.1

9051.2

7789.6

7652.3

393.1 340.4 7640.5 327.2 290.9

355.6 287.9 7484.7 295.7 239.9

309.8 256.5 7349.2 291.0 250.7

307.9 257.1 7023.9 284.0 239.3

21

Sibiu

105 7578.1

307.0 257.1 6212.7 252.5 215.5

7488.5

295.8 260.6 6386.2 252.6 236.8

EVOLUTION of the total milk production – thousands hl, in 2001 – 2012 (Source, MADR 2013) 60000 55000 50000 51000 52761 55288 55444 55334 58307 54875 53089 50570 45000 42824 43947 41463 40000 35000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

EVOLUTION of the production of commercial milk – thousands hl, in 2001 – 2012 (Source, MADR 2013) 31000 29000 27000 25000 23000 24017 25006 25937 27629 28000 28834 26868 28197 25310 21000 19000 17000 15000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 17433 2010 22321 21462 2011 2012

Forage supply 1990-2012

Cultivated area

Total cultivated area – thousand hectares (Source: INS 2012) 9500,0 9247,1 9073,6 9000,0 8834,0 9123,5 9187,0 9194,0 9031,4 8946,9 8848,4 8854,2 8936,1 8826,2 8691,5 8557,9 8500,0 8470,5 8429,3 8000,0 7970,9 7872,1 7896,4 7500,0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Alfalfa + clover – thousand hectares (Source: INS 2012) 600,0 595,8 571,6 500,0 470,0 464,1 464,0 472,5 467,7 479,7 476,8 476,3 460,8 455,3 487,6 400,0 509,4 436,2 412,9 402,1 439,1 300,0 285,1 200,0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Area cultivated with main crops – cereal grains, oleaginous and green forages, % (Source: INS 2013) 80,0 70,0 60,7 65,8 64,8 69,8 71,1 69,9 65,8 69,8 66,0 63,2 66,5 70,7 67,1 62,4 73,5 69,3 64,9 66 66,8 67,3 64,8 60,0 50,0 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 0,0 19,9 6,4 16,2 15,6 13,7 13,0 12,5 13,3 6,5 8,8 7,3 7,0 8,5 11,2 11,8 12,1 9,4 12,6 14,4 12,5 13,1 11,7 10,5 12,3 15,0 10,4 11,7 13,3 13,5 14,2 16,4 17,2 6,5 9,7 10,9 9,9 15,8 16,0 18,1 10,6 10,5 10,6 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Cereale, total Oleaginoase Furaje verzi

Consumption of meat, milk and eggs in 2020

[kg.(nr.)/capita/year]

Consumption of meat,

milk

in 2020 (kg/capita/year) and eggs

Specification MU 2010 (%) 2020 (%) 2020/2010 (%) EU Cattle meat Sheep meat Pig meat Poultry meat Total meat Cow milk Eggs Kg Kg Kg Kg Kg L Pcs.

6.6 (11.4) 1.9 (3.2) 8.9 (12.40) 2.4 (3.34) 29.9 (51.64) 34.3 (47.77) 19.5 (33.68) 26.2 (36.49) 57.9 (100.0) 200 275 71.8 (100.0) 300 293 35 24 15 34.1

24 50 7

FORAGE CROPS FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTION: PRESENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTS (2020; Source: MADR) To/ha 2010 To/ha 2020 Total production (thousand to) 2010 2020 For animal consumption (thousand to) 2010 2020 Area (thousand ha) 2010 2020 TOTAL CEREAL CROPS Corn 16 149 9060.7

24 987 15075 5573.26

2787.95

4777.0

2108.7

6300.0

3350 Wheat + rye Barley + two-row barley Soya Sunflower Silages 4.3

2.7

2.5

2.4

1.6

4.5

3.5

2.75

2.5

1.7

30 5774.2

1314.1

149.9

1267.4

8400.0

1512.0

1250 1870 1641.64

1143.67

376.74

673.21

20617.94

2150.5

517.8

63.9

793.7

2400 550 500 1100 Fresh forages 7720.33

Hay 3312.36

PROSPECTIVE REQUIREMENT OF CROP AREA FOR ANIMAL NUTRITION (2020) (thousand ha: IBNA data) Forage Corn Wheat + rye Barley TOTAL CEREAL GRAIN CROPS % OF THE TOTAL ARABLE AREA Peas Soya beans Sunflower meal Rapeseed meal TOTAL PROTEIN FORAGES % OF THE TOTAL ARABLE AREA Fresh forages Silage Hay Rooty plants TOTAL BULK FEDS % OF THE TOTAL ARABLE AREA Grand total Cattle 213,46 149,66 333,95 697,07 33% 168,56 225,09 345,23 0 738,88 35% 109.72

346.64

178.63

65.98

700.97

32% 2136.92

Sheep and goats 145,59 127,75 109,76 383,10 33% 209,41 51,15 243,34 0 503,90 44% 144.85

51.52

35.80

38.55

270.72

23% 1157.72

Total ruminants 359,05 277,41 443,71 1080,17 33% 377,97 276,24 588,57 0 1.242,78 38% 254.57

398.16

214.43

104.53

971.69

29% 3294.64

Total poultry 158,91 117,15 0 276,06 44% 73,22 148,32 120,89 5,76 348,19 56% 0 0 0 0 0 0 624.25

Pigs 190,01 131,69 13,17 334,87 56% 0 131,57 133,06 0 264,63 44% 0 0 0 0 0 0 599.50

TOTAL 707,97 526,25 456,88 1691,10 37% 451,19 556,13 842,52 5,76 1.855,60 41% 254.57

398.16

214.43

104.53

971.69

22% 4518.39

Some Contributions of the IBNA Institute to Support Dairy Cattle Sector in Romania

I.

Provide a wide range of products for all farm animals species

(including dairy cows):

BIOCONS – biological preservative preparation used at forage ensiling BOVILACT – biological additive used in cattle feeding Protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates (CPVM) for cattle; Catalogue with vitamin-mineral mixes (ZOOFORT) and premixes Guidebook for assessing the nutritive value of feeds for ruminant Guidebook with diet formulation for dairy cows

II. Performs the technologic transfer

by marketing a wide

range of products for all farm animals species (including dairy cows) and

categories developed by animal trials

Some Contributions of the IBNA Institute to Support Dairy Cattle Sector in Romania III.

Provides various services to farmers: Chemical analysis of feed ; Chemical analysis of

milk

Milk Recorded Schemes); (for farmers included in

Estimation of the Breeding Values

for dairy cattle belonged to the General Dairy Cattle Association from Romania

• • • • • •

HISTORY OF GENETIC EVALUATION METHODS IN DAIRY CATTLE

( http://www.aps.uoguelph.ca/~lrs/GROSU/BOOK.html ; January 2013 ) Horia Grosu, Romania Larry Schaeffer, Canada Pascal Anton Oltenacu, U.S.A.

Duane Norman, U.S.A.

Rex Powell, U.S.A.

Valentin Kremer, United Kingdom • • • • • Georgios Banos, Greece Raphael Mrode, UK Julio Carvalheira, Portugal Janusz Jamrozik, Canada Corneliu Draganescu, Romania

HISTORY OF GENETIC EVALUATION METHODS IN DAIRY CATTLE

(http://www.aps.uoguelph.ca/~lrs/GROSU/BOOK.html ; January 2013) • 1. Genetic Evaluations

I.

YEARS 1920-1970

2.

Daughter-Dam Comparisons

3. Selection Index 4.

Contemporary Comparisons 5. USDA Modifed Contemporary Comparisons

6. Cumulative Differences 7. Regressed Least Squares

II YEARS 1971-2000

8. Linear Models 9.

Sire Models 10. Animal Models .

11. International Models (MACE INTERBULL; UPPSALA)

12. Multiple Traits 13.

Test Day Models

14. Genetic Change 15. Threshold Models 16. Survival Analysis

III YEARS 2001-present

17.

Genomics Era