Input & Output Equipment
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Transcript Input & Output Equipment
Intro to Info Tech
I/O Equipment
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Copyright 2003 by http://web.fscj.edu/Janson/cgs1060/wk06.IO.ppt
Janson Industries
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Objectives
Explain the various devices
Compare and show the
relative advantages and
disadvantages
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Input Devices
Devices that allow users to
enter instructions and data
Categories
Those
commonly used with
computers
Gaming
and media
Other
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Computer Input Devices
Require a monitor
Two types
Keyboard
Pointing
devices
Mouse
Trackball
Touch
pad
Pointing stick
Light pen
Touch screen
Pen
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Keyboards
Keys to represent A-Z and 0-9
Additional keys to:
Change
Alt,
function of other keys
Ctrl, Shift
Perform
special functions in apps
PageUp,
PageDown, Home, Delete,
Tab, Esc, F1 –F12, arrows
Perform
OS function
Delete,
Windows (shows Start menu),
Short Cut Menu key (next to right Ctrl)
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Keyboards
Higher end keyboards will have
keys:
That
perform browser functions
Start applications
Media controls (forward, back, pause,
etc.)
And ergonomic features:
Palm
rest
Split keyboard
Keys not in a straight line
Some
have built in scanners
S
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Mouse
Use to be:
Connected
by a wire to SU
Left button, right button, scroll wheel
Had a little trackball on bottom
Getting crazy complicated. Now can
have
Side
buttons
Small keyboard
Thumb buttons
Instead of track ball and wire:
Laser
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or Optical sensors
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Other Pointing Devices
Trackball
May
also have some buttons
Touch pad
Flat
area that can sense
pressure
Pointing stick
Looks
like a pencil eraser stuck in
the middle of the keyboard
Light pen - like a little flashlight
Monitor
Duck
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senses where light is
Hunt
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Other Pointing Devices
Touch screens react to human touch
Heat
sensitive
Pressure sensitive
Laser grid
Electric sensitive
Pen input
Flat
area/screen/paper that can sense
and record the pen movement
Alternative: pressure sensitive pen that
records movement
Then
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download from pen to computer
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Gaming and Media
Lots of specialty devices
– two handed device, with
buttons, wheels, sticks. Talks to console.
Gamepad
Joystick
– stick with buttons on base
wheel – may have buttons and a
footpad with pedals
Steering
guns – fancy flashlight or a motion
sensing device
Light
pad – flat device (can be hard or
pliable) that senses pressure
Dance
Motion
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sensing device – like a Wii remote
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Other Input Devices
Audio Input Devices (require a sound
card)
Microphone
For
voice input, need voice recognition
s/w
MIDI
(musical instrument digital
interface) devices
Electronic
piano
Electric guitar
Other computers
PDAs,
Smart Phones, etc.
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Other Input Devices
Graphic Input Devices
Digital
Camera
Can
store a small amount
Can
use memory cards
Video
Cameras
Can
be used to do VOIP, video
conferencing, as a web cam, etc.
Need
extra s/w to do these things
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Other Input Devices
Scanners/readers
scanners – convert anything
scanned into an image
Optical readers:
Optical
OCR
(Optical Character Recognition)
• Recognizes numbers and letters
OMR
(Optical Mark Recognition)
• Like a Scantron machine
Bar
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Code readers, lots of kinds
MaxiCode
Datamatrix
QR
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Bar Codes
Standard is one dimensional
Lots
of different standards
Code
MaxiCode (created by UPS)
93
chars max
Data Matrix
2335
39, code 93, code 128
alphanumeric chars
QR (Quick Response) can store
7,089
numeric chars
4,296 alphanumeric chars
2,953 bytes
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Bar Codes
Originally created to contain
product/tracking info
Being used to store much more info
URLs,
phone numbers
User
scans the QR Code with phone
The phone's browser is launched
and goes to the URL
The phone dials the number
QR
reader app in Android OS
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Other Input Devices
Scanners/readers
RFID
(Radio Frequency IDentification)
Very
hot technology
Magnetic
Stripe Card readers
A
device that swipes a credit card-like
object
MICR
(Magnetic Ink Character
Reader)
What
industry uses this?
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Other Input Devices
Biometric Devices
Use
other input devices (scanners,
microphones, etc.) and extra s/w to
detect physiological characteristics
Retinal
scanner
Iris scanner
Fingerprint scanner
Face recognition
Voice recognition
Signature verification
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Output Devices
Devices that allow users to
receive output
Categories of Devices
Displays
Printers
Other
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Output Devices
Types of output
Text
Graphics
Audio
Video
One of the ways to compare output
devices is by the types of output
they support
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Displays
TV like viewing screen that can
display text, graphics and video
Most
allow control over brightness,
contrast, etc.
Monitor – a separate device that
connects to the system unit
Compared by their:
Screen
size, resolution, response time
(aka refresh rate), brightness, contrast
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ratio
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Monitors
Most are:
15-23
inches diagonally
Laptops
8-20
PDAs 3-4
Desktop
publishing systems will
have monitors 30-40 inches
Beware
of monitor vs. viewable size
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Monitors
Resolution measured in Pixels
and lines
Expressed
as the number of
pixels per line by the number of
lines from the top to bottom of
the screen
Eg.
1280X1024
What's a Pixel?
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Monitors
Dot pitch
Distance
between pixels
Contrast Ratio
Range
of color intensity
Compares
the screens brightest white
to it's darkest black
Higher
the contrast, better the color
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Monitors
Lots of different types of monitors
LCD
(liquid crystal display) aka flat
screen
Built for a specific resolution
Bigger
the screen, higher the
resolution
• 17 in usually 1280X1024
• 20 in usually 1600X1200
Response
(time to change a
pixel/bit) is 5 to 16 millisecs
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Monitors
Brightness
measured in nits
Nit
= 1 candle per square meter
Candle = 1/60 of the luminous
intensity per square centimeter of a
black body radiating at the
temperature of 2,046 degrees Kelvin
All
you have to know is "more nits =
brighter picture"
Dot
pitch should be < .28 mm
Static
contrast ratios range from
500:1 to 2000:1
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Monitors
Plasma
Not
as common as LCDs (for
computers)
Uses
a gas instead of liquid
Heavier
than LCD
Larger
screen sizes than LCDs
Richer
colors
More
expensive
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Monitors
CRT
(Cathode Ray Tube)
Cheaper
than LCDs
Use more electricity than LCDs
Resolution
Range
Dot
can be changed by OS
from 2048X1536 to 1280X1024
pitch should be < .27
Refresh
rate
How
many times per sec image is changed
68 Hz means 68 times per sec
Larger the number, less flicker
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Printers
Produces text and graphics on
some medium
Paper,
transparency, film
Some have a camera dock or a
memory card slot
Images
don't have to be transferred
Lots of different types
Can
be categorized as Impact or Nonimpact
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Impact Printers
Component strikes the medium
Well
really the ink ribbon
Don't see many anymore
Line
printers had solid font text
Typewriter
like keys
A daisywheel
A selectric ball
Dot
matrix
Used
for printing on tractor feed paper
• Auto repair shops, bank tellers
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Non-impact Printers
Spray, attract ink or burn
Compared by the
Medium
sizes accommodated
8.5X11.5, 3X5, 4X6
Print resolution
DPI (dots per inch)
Speed
PPM (page per minute)
Usually different PPM for color vs.
B&W printing
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Non-impact Printers
Ink Jet print head has two
cartridges and little nozzles
Relatively
Ink's
cheap (<$100)
expensive!
Supports
many paper sizes
1200-4800
6
dpi
to 33 ppm
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Non-impact Printers
Laser
More
expensive ($200 - $100,000)
Uses
powdered ink called toner
Supports
many paper sizes
1200-2400
Faster
dpi
than ink jet
For
home 8 to 35 ppm
Business 150 ppm
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Non-impact Printers
Photo Printer
High
quality
Wide
range of sizes
More
expensive
May
let you edit picture
Often,
can print without a
computer connection
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Non-impact Printers
Thermal
Burns
Wide
special paper
range of capability
– poor quality, like gas receipt
High end – good quality
Cheapos
Plotters
Good
for diagrams, charts
Large format printers
Blueprints,
signs, posters
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Other Output Devices
For sound:
Speakers
Headphones
Ear buds
Voice output uses speakers and
special s/w
The number you have dialed 8-1-24-6-6-2
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Other Output Devices
Fax
Fax modem allows computer to
send faxes
S/W need to convert computer files
to faxes
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Other Output Devices
Projector
Displays anything on the computer
screen
Large devices like in the classroom
But there are small portable ones
too
Not as good resolution
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What do you need?
How do you decide what to
buy?
What do you want to do with
the computer?
This dictates application s/w
Application s/w dictates h/w:
Peripherals
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Points to Remember
Input and output devices called
peripheral devices
Connect to the system unit either with
a cable or wirelessly
Infrared
requires line of sight
Radio (e.g. Bluetooth)
Enable users to enter instructions and
data and receive output
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