Transcript Presentation by JS (DM) - National Disaster Management in India

G.V.V. Sarma
Joint Secretary,
Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India
Disaster (As per DM Act, 2005)
Disaster means a catastrophe, mishap,
calamity or grave occurrence affecting any
area from natural and manmade causes, or
by accident or negligence, which results in
substantial loss of life or human suffering or
damage to, and destruction of property, or
damage to, or degradation of environment
and is of such a nature and magnitude as to
be beyond the capacity of the community of
the affected areas.
2
Disaster events (1900-2009)
Disaster
Types
Decades
1900
-09
1910
-19
1920
-29
1930
-39
1940
-49
1950
-59
1960
-69
1970
-79
1980
-89
1990
-99
2000
-09
Total
72
56
72
120
232
463
776
1498
2034
3529
8880
Hydro
meteorologi
cal
28
Geological
40
28
33
37
52
60
88
124
232
325
354
1373
12.1%
Biological
5
7
10
3
4
2
37
64
170
361
612
1275
11.3%
73
107
99
112
176
294
388
964
1900
2720
Total
78.4%
4495 11328
Hazard Vulnerability in India
59%
68%
3%
8%
12%
Major Losses in India due to Disasters
( 2001-2013)
Year
Lives Lost
Cattle Lost
Houses
damaged
Cropped area
affected
(in lakh Ha)
2001-02
834
21,269
3,46,878
18.72
2002-03
898
3,729
4,62,700
21.00
2003-04
1,992
25,393
6,82,209
31.98
2004-05
1,995
12,389
16,03,300
32.53
2005-06
2,698
1,10,997
21,20,012
35.52
2006-07
2,402
4,55,619
19,34,680
70.87
2007-08
3,764
1,19,218
35,27,041
85.13
2008-09
3,405
53,833
16,46,905
35.56
2009-10
1,677
1,28,452
13,59,726
47.13
2010-11
2,310
48,778
13,38,619
46.25
2011-12
1,600
9,126
8,76,168
18.87
2012-13
984
24,360
6,71,761
15.34
2013-14
5,677
1,02,998
12,10,227
63.74
Disaster Management Act,2005
# Institutional Mechanism 


NDMA, SDMA, DDMA
NEC,SEC
NDRF
# Financial Arrangements



National Disaster Response Fund, State Disaster Response Fund and District Disaster
Response Fund
National Disaster Mitigation Fund & similar such fund at state and district levels
Capacity Building Grant
Response Reserve (to be created)
# Capacity DevelopmentNIDM
Other institutions:



Civil Defence
Fire Services
Home Guards
Disaster Management Policy, Plans and
Guidelines
• National Policy on Disaster Management, 2009
•
National Action Plan on Climate Change-Issued by MOEF
•
Drought Manual –Prepared jointly by MOA/ NIDM and issued by MOA.
•
Guidelines- 26 guidelines issued by NDMA. (www.ndma.gov.in)
• National Disaster Management Plan( Cleared by NEC, to be
finalised by NDMA)
•
State and District Disaster Management Plans
Guidelines on Preparedness and Response (Checklist for
preparedness )
 Vulnerability assessment
 Community participation
 Dissemination of warning
 Evacuation Plan
 Emergency Response activities  Activating EOCs
 Coordination
 Search & Rescue Teams
 Rapid Damage Assessment
 Communication
 Maintenance of essential
 Identification of Nodal




services
Stocking of essential
commodities
Medicines
Drinking water
Shelter/Camps
Officer
 Status of SDRF
 Preparedness Drill
Mitigation and Prevention
Mainstreaming DRR
Planning Commission
in
development
strategy-
•Constitution of a Working Group for inclusion of DRR measures in the 12th
Five Year Plan
•Flexi Funds:- The Ministry of Finance has given detailed guidelines by their
circular dated 6th January 2014 on earmarking 10% of funds of centrally
sponsored releases as ‘Flexi Fund’, part of which can be utilised for disaster
mitigation or for restorations works activities according to the State specific
need. Such mainstreaming plan provision would address the issue
appropriately to supplement the efforts of the affected State at some degree.
Self Certification/ DM Audit mechanism in all
Centrally sponsored schemes- Ministry of Finance

All the major public infrastructure projects are to be subjected to
disaster
impact analysis and adopt
hazard resistant
construction technology to ensure structural safety against
natural hazards.
Hazard Specific Mitigation Projects
• National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project –under implementation in Odisha and
Andhra Pradesh (Phase-I) ; Phase II being planned for Kerala, Gujarat, West
Bengal and Maharashtra
• National Earthquake Risk Mitigation Project - Under implementation on a pilot
basis
• Strengthening of Fire Services – Being finalised
• Flood Management Programme : Ministry of Water Resources
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project : Ministry of Environment and
Forests
Technological inputs
Nodal agencies for forecasting and early warning
dissemination
Disaster
Cyclone
Agency
India Meteorological Department
Ministry
Earth Sciences
Tsunami
Indian National Centre for Oceanic
Information Services
Earth Sciences
Earthquake
India Meteorological Department
Earth Sciences
Floods
Central Water Commission
Water Resources
Landslides
Geological Survey of India
Mines
Avalanche
DRDO
Defence
Preparedness and Response
• IDRN
•
Advance procurement of material and equipment
• Early warning of different disasters
• Identification of potential hazard
• Dissemination of early warning
• Evacuation
•
Emergency Communication Plan - to provide last mile connectivity
• NEOC/ SEOCs/DEOCs for effective coordination during disaster
response
• Nodal Ministries/Departments for forecasting of various
Disasters
Preparednes
(Contd)
Response Mechanism:
•Cabinet committee on management of Natural Calamities
•National Crisis Management Committee
• NEC
•State Government
-SEC
-DDMA
-Sub-district Administration
(SDM/Tehsildar, PRIs, ULBs,
police, civil defence, fire services, home guards, NCC, NYK, Red
Cross and civil society organisations)
•NDR Force
•SDR Force
Financial Arrangements (Over 5 years)
Grants:
13th Finance commission-
SDRF
: Rs. 33, 581 Crore
NDRF
: Rs 17,360 Crore
Capacity Building Grant
: Rs. 525 Crore
Disaster Response Reserve: Rs. 250 Croreto be constituted
Plan Schemes• Strengthening of Fire and Emergency Services Rs. 700 crore
• Revamping of Civil Defence Rs. 300 crore
Revamping of Fire Services (` 87519 crore to ULBs),apportion of
Non Plan Schemewhich available for Fire Services.
• Financial Assistance to ATIs/other training institutes ( @30 Lakhs/per
institute)/@ 25 lakh/centre of Excellence
Externally Aided Projects:
•
•
•
GOI-UNDP DRR Programme
NCRMP ( Rs.1496.71 Crore)
GOI-USAID DMS Project
- (MHA/NDMA)
- (NDMA/Odisha & AP)
- (MHA/NIDM/Trg. Institutes)
Capacity Development
• Institutional arrangements for capacity development
at
National and state level. (NIDM, Disaster Management
Centers in the states, NCDC, NFSC, NDRF).
• Efforts are made to mainstream Capacity Development
strategies in most of the ministries and Government
department at National, State and District Level
• National Disaster Management Programme
• Capacity Building Grant under 13th Finance Commission
Key issues
 Priority during 'non-disaster' phase
 Clearance of old liabilities
 Inventory management
 Maintenance of equipment
 Inter-institutional coordination
 Operationalisation of EOCs
 Community involvement
 Role of PRIs and ULBs
 Dealing with media
Issues to be addressed
Institutional Strengthening
• Strengthening of SDMA and DDMAs
• Strengthening capacities of Panchayat and local bodies
• Strengthening of Centre for Disaster Management
• 24 X 7 functional Emergency Operation Centers (EOC) to be functional.
•
•
•
•
State Disaster Response Force (SDRF)
Earmarking Battalion/Team or raising new force for the purpose.
Training of the SDRF in coordination with NDRF
Use of Capacity Building Grant for Training of SDRF as per the
Guidelines
Associating Civil Defence, Fire Services, Home Guards
Issues to be addressed regarding
NDR Fund
•
State Memorandum to be submitted when the SDRF is
inadequate to meet the immediate relief
•
Recourse to NDRF only in case of disaster of severe nature
Memorandum to be submitted in consolidated format with
supporting documents /evidences
Memorandum to be submitted only for relief and immediate
restoration. Long term or medium term recovery measures to
be financed through other Plan schemes of the States
CAG observations to be noted for future
For accessing grant under the Capacity Building Grant awarded
by 13th Finance Commission, annual work-plan and utilisation to
be finalized by the states by 15th June
•
•
•
•
Challenges in Disaster Response
•Early Warning Systems of IMD has predicted the
strength, movement of the cyclone ‘Phailin’ along with
possible location of landfall with precision almost 3 days in
advance. This has helped the authorities to take
preemptive measures to reduce casualties.
•Telecommunication infrastructure can be damaged during
any disaster. Back-up arrangements need to be in place,
like Satellite phones for communication during disaster
phase. Telecommunication companies may also arrange
adequate number of mobile BTS towers for immediately
restoring the telecommunication facilities in the aftermath
of disaster.
Challenges in Disaster Response--contd
•In ecologically vulnerable tourist areas, there can be a system to
register/ regulate the tourists, so that people can be effectively traced
in disasters
• Organised and trained State Disaster Response Force has helped in
tackling any disasters
• Equipping fire service as multi-disaster responders
•The Central/State Governments due to limited resources are not able
to fully compensate the losses suffered by the affected people.
Therefore, there is need to explore risk transfer arrangements like
insurance.
Thank You