Transcript Basic Grammar Sept 2007

BASIC GRAMMAR WORK FOR BACH 2 – SEPTEMBER 2007
REVIEWING TOP MARKS 1
1.- Can you complete the gaps with the correct tense? Remember to use PRESENT SIMPLE or PRESENT
CONTINUOUS.
a.
What ……….…………….. (you/watch) on
televisión right now?
f.
My sister ……….. really ………….. (make) an effort
in school this year.
b.
My grandfather is old so he always
……………… (walk) slowly.
g.
Robert ……………… (not play) tennis on Monday
afternoons.
c.
………… usually …………….. (you/stay) at
home in the evenings?
h.
I ……………….. (not meet) my friend for coffee
today.
d.
My parents …………………. (come) from their
trip tomorrow.
i.
What ……………………. (you/do) tonight?
e.
Turn down the radio please. I ……………. (try)
to study for an exam.
j.
Sally Field seldom ………….. (put) milk in her tea.
2.- Complete each sentence with the correct form of a suitable verb from the box. Use the PRESENT
SIMPLE or PRESENT CONTINUOUS.
a. ……… you ……………… that he is telling the truth?
COST
NOT SEEM
HAVE
BELIEVE
SEE
FORGET
b. How much ………… these shoes …………..?
c. I ………………. my girlfriend tonight, so I’ll meet you
tomorrow.
d. What’s wrong? You ……………. very happy.
e. John always …………….. my name.
f. Call me later. I …………….. dinner with my family now.
3.- Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the PRESENT SIMPLE or
PRESENT CONTINUOUS.
BRAIN POWER
(1) …….. you …………. (have) difficulties at school this year? Maybe your father (2)
…………… (think) that you (3) ………………… (not try) hard enough these days. Well, the
problem could be your brain. Why? Because the brain (4) ………………… (contain) two sides –a
right side and a left side. Each of these sides is responsible for different abilities. The left side
(5) ………………. (control) language and logical thought, while the right side is more creative,
musical and artistic. If your dominant side is the right, you may have problems at school. This
is because schools usually (6) …………… (teach) subjects that are easy for people with dominant left brains.
However, things (7) …………….. (begin) to improve for creative right-brainers because educators today (8)
………………… (develop) new teaching methods that use both sides of the brain.
4.- Complete the gaps with the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs in the box.
LOOK UP TO
LOOK AFTER
LOOK FORWARD TO
LOOK INTO
LOOK UP
a. The police ……….……… the crime at the moment but they haven’t found any
suspects yet.
b. Sarah rarely goes out at night because she often ………… her little sister.
c. The situation has improved a lot in the last few days. Things ….... now
……………. for our company.
d. I …………….. my friend Carol because she always tries her best at everything
she does.
e. ……….. you ………………. your summer holidays next week?
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5.- Choose the correct preposition:
a. The teacher was satisfied on / with / at my
work.
b. I’m interested by / at / in surfing, but I’m
really afraid of / to / at the waves.
c. Everyone was proud for / of / about our
team and excited in / for / about winning
the UEFA cup twice.
d. Why are you late for / in / with school
again? The headteacher won’t be
pleased of / into / with you.
e. I’m worried on / at / about Peter. I think
working so hard is bad for / at / about his
health.
f. I hate people who are cruel on / into / to
animals.
g. Anne’s very busy. She’s involved in / on / over
many activities.
h. Tina is terrible in / on / at cooking. Everything
she makes tastes awful.
i. We were insulted for / by / of his impolite
behaviour.
6.- Complete the passage below with a gerund or an infinitive using the verbs in brackets.
THE JULIET CLUB
Do you need some advice about your relationship? Are you in danger of (1) …………….
(break up)? You might think about (2) …………………. (discuss) your problems with the
Juliet Club of Verona, Italy. Verona was the home of the world’s most famous lovers
–Romeo and Juliet. For this reason, lovers from all over the world can’t resist (3)
………………… (come) to the city, which gets thousands of letters every year. Most
writers hope (4) …………… (find) solutions to their troubles, while others just feel like
(5) …………………. (express) their emotions. The Juliet club was formed in order to
answer these letters. In fact, (6) ……………….. (write) to the club is easy –all you need
(7) …………. (do) is address your letter to the Juliet club, Verona, Italy. The people at the club promise (8)
………………. (answer) every letter no matter what language it is in.
7.- Complete the second sentence so that it has got a similar meaning to the first one. Use a gerund or an
infinitive.
a. I don’t want to listen to this CD any more. I am tired of …
b. She doesn’t feel like playing tennis. She doesn’t really want…
c.
Could you please switch off the TV? Would you mind …?
d. I said that I was sorry I had arrived late. I apologised for…
e. That man won’t give us the money. That man refuses…
8.- Complete each sentence with a suitable verb below. Use the PAST SIMPLE or PAST CONTINUOUS.
not listen - not watch – wait – write – begin - buy
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
I saw a terrible accident while I ………………… for the bus.
We ………….. the new soap opera on TV because we went out last night.
When ………you ………. those new shoes?
We were driving back home when the storm …………… .
Jane called me while I …………………. her an e-mail.
What did she say? I ………………….. while she was giving the directions.
9.- Read each sentence and choose the correct option:
1. We … while the waiter was serving dessert.
(a) had chatted
(b) were chatting
2. By the time we arrived at the party, several of our friends … already.
(a) had left
(b) were leaving
3. We … anything because they had already closed the shops.
(a) didn’t buy
(b) weren’t buying
4. Tim didn’t eat anything at the restaurant because he … at home.
(a) ate
(b) had eaten.
5. By the time we …, the party had already begun.
(a) arrived
(b) had arrived
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10.- Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the PAST SIMPLE or the PAST PERFECT
SIMPLE.
a. I ……………. (try) to call Ben, but he ……..
already …………… (leave).
b. After she ………………. (finish) her
homework, Mandy …………….. (meet) her
friends.
c. The man …………………. (not eat) since
breakfast so we …………….. (give) him some
bread and cheese.
d. Nancy ……………. (be) sorry that she
…………………… (break up) with her
boyfriend the night before.
e. I ………….. (go) to sleep early last night
because I ……………………… (not sleep) at
all the previous night.
f. …….. you …………….. (read) the book
before you …………… (see) the film?
g. They ………………… (decide) to get married
after they ………………. (know) each other for
a year.
h. By the time we …………………. (realise) that
they were celebrities, they ……. already
…………….. (disappear) into the crowd.
11.- Complete the sentences with the correct form of one of the verbs in the box. Use the PAST SIMPLE,
PAST CONTINUOUS or PAST PERFECT SIMPLE.
a. Our neighbours were making a lot of noise while my parents ………….……. to sleep.
LEAVE
SWIM
TRY
CUT
READ
b. Everybody knew how the film would end because they all ………………. the novel already.
c.
………… you ……………. your hand while you were making the salad?
d. They found the man’s wallet on the floor after he ……..………… the shop.
e. We …………………… in the river when it started to rain.
12.- Complete each sentence below with the PRESENT PERFECT or the PAST SIMPLE of one of the
verbs in the box. Pay attention to the helpful time expressions in bold.
notice - start – listen – spread - make
a. ………… anybody ………………. to Shakira’s new song yet?
b. I’m sure Beth ……… already ………….. a decision.
c.
At what age ……… you …………….. learning English?
d. ……… you ………………. anything different about Andrew lately?
e. In the past, people only ………….. gossip by word of mouth.
13.- Complete each sentence with the FUTURE CONTINUOUS (will+be+gerund) or the FUTURE PERFECT
(will+have+participle) of the verb in brackets.
a. At this time tomorrow, I
…………….……….. (fly) to Paris.
e. Do you think you ………………………
(speak) to Dave by Monday?
b. In the next few decades scientists
……..………………….. (do) their best
to try to understand genetics.
f. They ………………………….. (not
finish) this project by June. There’s still a
lot of work to do.
c. I can come to the meeting on 8th May
because we ……………………….
(come) back from our holiday by then.
g. I can’t call you between eight and nine
o’clock because I ………………………
(watch) my favourite soap opera then.
d. When you get home, pleace call me. I
…………………….….. (wait) for your
call.
h. ……….. you ………………….. (reply) to
Helen by Monday? She’s waiting for your
response anxiously.
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14.- Complete the gaps with the correct form of one of the phrasal verbs in the box.
GO DOWN
GET ON
GO ON
LOOK UP
TURN DOWN
a. My brother and I didn’t use to …………. when we were children because
we couldn’t agree on anything.
b. Jason didn’t study very hard so his marks …………… last term.
c. Yesterday my proposal ……………….. because they thought it was a bad
idea.
d. Our economic situation …….. now …………….; that’s why we’re all feeling
much better.
e. We really can’t ……………… living like this. It’s too difficult.
15.- Complete each sentence with a suitable relative pronoun (who, which, that, whose, when or where).
There may be more than one posible answer.
a. We often hear stories about people ……… have survived terrible disasters.
b. This is the boy …………. life was saved by a firefighter.
c. Sri Lanka is a place ………. people like to go on holiday.
d. The people ………… houses were destroyed had nowhere to sleep.
e. This journalist was in Sri Lanka on the day ……….. the tsunami happened.
f.
Thomas Edison was the man ……….. invented the electric light.
g. In hard situattions I always remember the things …....... my yoga training taught me.
16.- Combine the sentences using a defining relative clause. Make any necessary changes.
a.- Here is a woman. She survived the tsunami.
•
.............................................................................
b.- The new CD is great. You bought it.
•
.............................................................................
c.- This is the town. I was born here.
•
.............................................................................
d.- The artist is very talented. He won first prize.
•
.............................................................................
e.- Those are the neighbours. Their dog bit me last night.
•
.............................................................................
f.- They have caught the tiger. It escaped from the zoo.
• .............................................................................
17.- Combine the sentences using a non-defining relative clause. Make any necessary changes.
a.- J.K. Rowling writes the Harry Potter books. She has become one of the richest women in the world.
•
.............................................................................
b.- Barcelona gained international reputation. The 1992 Olympic Games were held there.
•
.............................................................................
c.- Marie Curie discovered radioactivity. It has saved many lives.
•
.............................................................................
d.- The Holiday Inn Hotel was destroyed by the tsunami. Many people were staying there.
•
.............................................................................
e.- Alberto Contador won the Tour de France at the age of 24. His victory marked a new era in cycling.
•
.............................................................................
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18.- Read each sentence and choose the correct option:
1. The fire began while they ……
(a) slept.
(b) were sleeping.
(c) had slept.
2. This is the secretary …….. computer isn’t working.
(a) who
(b) that
(c) whose
3. Melanie …….the good news yet. We must tell her.
(a) didn’t hear
(b) will have heard
(c) hasn’t heard
4. By the time we got to the cinema, all the tickets …… already.
(a) had been sold
(b) were sold
(c) were being sold
5. This is the website ……. I use very frequently.
(a) where
(b) which
(c) whose
6. The bus to Candem town was so crowded that we couldn’t ……
(a) get in
(b) get on
(c) get up
7. How often do you ………. in the gym?
(a) work out
(b) turn out
(c) look out
19.- Complete the sentences with SHOULD, COULD or WOULD + PERFECT INFINITIVE (have + participle).
Choose the right verb from the box.
TELL
TAKE
KILL
DIE
GO
WASH
PAY
a.- He ............................................... me last week. I needed that money.
b.- It was a good thing they got her to hospital in time. She ................................................
c.- You ................................................. somebody, driving like that.
d.- “We got lost in those mountains.” “You fools – you ................................................ a map.”
e.- If my parents hadn’t been so poor, I ..................................................... to university.
f.- You .................................................... me you were bringing your friends to supper.
g.- You ............................................ my jeans after you borrowed them.
20.- Complete the sentences with MAY, MUST or CAN’T + PERFECT INFINITIVE (have + participle) of the
verb in brackets.
•
a.- “Where’s Phil?” “ I don’t know. He ..........................................home.” (go)
•
b.- “Who phoned?” “She didn’t give her name. It ..................................................... Lucy.” (be)
•
c.- The garden is all wet. It ............................................................. in the night. (rain)
•
d.- “Ann isn’t here.” “Surely she ............................................ –I reminded her yesterday.” (forget)
•
e.- “How are the builders getting on?” “I’m not sure. They ............................ by now. I’ll go and see.” (finish)
•
f.- I ........................................................ a new job. I’ll know for certain tomorrow. (find)
•
g.- He ......................................................... all his money. I gave him £15 only yesterday. (spend)
21.- Complete the sentences with the right infinitive (simple or perfect):
a.- I have lost one of my new globes. I must ............................................... it somewhere.
b.- I left my bike outside the house last night and this morning it isn’t there any more. Somebody must
................................................................ it.
c.- We haven’t decided, but we may ……………… to Italy this summer.
d.- Jane walked past me without speaking. She can’t ............................................... me. I’m sure.
e.- Paula isn’t here. She must ……………………… about the meeting again.
f.- You shouldn’t ………………….. so quickly. It’s hard to understand you.
g.- We’ve got no money left! We shouldn’t …………………….. so many things.
h.- I don’t think Thomas did his best. In my opinion, he could …………..………… better.
i.- Rule number one to succeed in the NBA: you mustn’t ……….. late for your team practice.
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22.- Complete the sentences with the modal and the right form of the infinitive in brackets.
a.
I’m cold. I ………………..……………. (should / bring) a coat but I didn’t.
b.
Lance and Wendy love each other. It ……………………………. (can / not be) true that they’re breaking up!
c.
Ask Jim if he’s hungry before you make dinner for him. He …………………………… (might / have) lunch already.
d.
I ……………………………… (would / help) you, but I didnt’ have time.
e.
I’m very surprised he didn’t say hello to me. He ……………..………………… (may / not recognize) me.
f.
Nobody knows how the robber escaped but the police say he …………………………… (might / climb) through
the window.
23.- Choose the correct preposition:
a. Right-handers don’t see the need of / for /
on products designed especially for lefthanded people.
e. There has been an increase on / at / in
left-handed shops in recent years.
f.
b. Greenpeace campaigns to promote
awareness in / with / of the dangers of
global warming.
c.
My friend Susan and I had an argument
about / at / for a boy that we both like.
g. Please, accept my apology on / for / of
breaking your i-pod.
There is no good reason for / of / about
your angry reaction.
h. Please write a report of / on / for the traffic
situation in your city.
d. In the past , there used to be a lack for /
of / with products for left-handers.
i.
Ronald has no interest in / on / at dating
a girl on the Internet.
24.- Complete each sentence with the verb in brackets. Use the first or second conditional:
a. They will set up another shop if business ………………. (be) good.
b. I won’t go to the party unless Sally ………………… (come) too.
c. If more people ……………. (be) left-handed, more shops would sell left-handed
products.
d. My mum …………….. (not buy) anything unless it’s on sale.
e. If you were left-handed, ……………………….. (you / join) a left-handed club?
25.- The following sentences are all 3rd conditionals. Complete each gap with the right form of the verb in
brackets.
a. I suppose Jack didn’t see us. If he ………………..
(see) us, he …………………………. (say) hello.
d. Our team ………………………….. (win) last
week’s game if our goal-keeper
…………………….. (play) better.
b. The exam was not bad but if Jim
…………………….. (not help) me, I
………………………… (fail).
e. If you ……………………. (listen) to what I told
you, you …………………………. (not have) any
problems.
c. It’s a pity Tara didn’t come to the picnic. She
……………………… (come) if she
……………………. (not be) ill.
26.- Complete the sentences with the correct form of one of the verbs in the box:
GET
BUY
NOT MEET
FINISH
BE
JOIN
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
I won’t have dinner with you unless your father ……………. us.
Sara will call us when she …………… to the supermarket.
As soon as Jimmy ……………….. his homework, we’ll go out for dinner.
Jason …………… jealous if he saw my new mobile phone.
Your parents wouldn’t be worried about you if they ……………. you a
Wherify watch like mine.
If he hadn’t gone to Lebanon as a peacekeeper, he ……………………….
his wife there.
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27.- Comment on these situations using a 2n d conditional with would or could.
a.- "Andrew is such a boring person because he works all the time."
"You know, if Andrew ................................................., he .......................... such a boring person."
b.- "You can't take a photo because you haven't got your camera."
"How annoying! If I ......................................................, I ..............................…............................
c.- "You can't translate your Russian text because you have no dictionary."
"I'm sorry! If I ....................................................., I ........................................……........................
d.- "You never write to your friends because you're so busy."
"I've got so much to do!! I ..................................... all my friends if I ........................…..................
28.- Comment on these situations using a 3rd conditional with would, could or might.
a.- "I couldn't buy the new PlayStation3 because I didn't have enough money."
•
I could have bought
....................................................................................................................…
b.- "Debbie didn't lock her bike and it was stolen."
•
Debbie's bike ...................…..................................... if
..........................................................
c.- "Barbara went to bed quite late and so she didn't get up early for work."
•
If ...................................................................., ........................................................................
d.- "It was raining all day and we couldn't go anywhere."
•
It was an awful day. We .................................................. if it ..........……..................................
e.- "You forgot the map and you lost your way."
•
You ..................................................................... if ....................….........................................
29.- Complete each situation with a 2n d or 3rd conditional as necessary:
a.- "Gary couldn't play basketball because he was ill."
• He........................................ if ...............................
b.- "The accident happened because the car in front stopped so suddenly."
• The accident ........................... if ................................
c.- "We don't go out very often because we can't afford it."
• If we ......................................, ...............................
d.- "Wayne was wearing a helmet and I didn't recognize him."
• How embarrassing! I......................... if .............................
e.- "That dress is too expensive. I'm afraid I can't buy it."
• I....................................... if..................................
f.- "It was raining all day and we couldn't have lunch in the garden."
• It's incredible! ........................... if .............................
g.- "She never lends you her car because you aren't careful enough."
• But I think that if ............................., ..........................
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30.- Read each sentence and choose the correct option; remember that in active sentences the subject is
the person or thing that does the action; on the contrary, in passive sentences the subject is the person
or thing that is affected by the action.
1. The moon hoax theory … in hundreds of articles.
(a) discusses
(b) is discussed
2. Not everything in the news should … by us.
(a) be believed
(b) believe
3. Lord of the Rings … by J.R.R. Tolkien.
(a) wrote
(b) was written
4. The USA … the space race in the late 1960s.
(a) won
(b) was won
5. We … this DVD player before.
(a) have never used
(b) have never been used
6. They … about the argument by the time they met again.
(a) had forgotten
(b) had been forgotten
7. Our flight … because of the bad weather conditions.
(a) may cancel
(b) may be cancelled
31.- Complete the sentences using the correct passive form of the verb in brackets.
a. You can’t use my computer because it
………………….. (repair) at the moment.
f.
b. An advert …………….. (put) in last weekend’s
newspaper.
g. The plants should …………………………
(water) a few days ago.
c.
h. The accident could …………………………..
(avoid) but unfortunately the driver was
driving too quickly.
Next week the moon ……………………….
(photograph) from a satellite.
d. Pleace come to the dining room. Dinner
………………….. (serve) now.
e. Before that day, such a strange creature
……………………. (never / see) in our village.
Life ……………………… (not discover) in
other planets yet.
i.
I’m sure this ……………….. (do) purposely
last night.
j.
When …….. the first man ……….. (send) into
space?
32.- Complete the sentences using the correct active or passive form of the verb in brackets.
a. The museum’s new painting ………..……………. (show) to the public starting next month.
b. When ……… our History project ……………………. (must / hand) in?
c.
The baby is crying. The storm ……………………………………. (must / wake) her up.
d. Dr House ……………………… (examine) Sue at the moment.
e. Many theories ………………………….. (invent) about the moon landing since it took place.
f.
We ……………………………. (know) about Jim’s financial problems even before he told us.
g. The e-mail ………………………….. (not send) before the meeting so nobody arrived on time.
h. ………. the thief ………………. (catch) by the police yesterday?
i.
Pedro Duque made our country proud when he ………………. (become) the first Spanish astronaut in outer
space.
j.
In October 2003, Duque …………………… (fly) to the International Space Station to do some research.
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33.- Complete the sentences using the correct active or passive form of the verb in brackets.
a. We can’t go into our classroom today. (it /paint)
•
............................................................
b. The car is working now. (it / already / repair)
•
............................................................
c. We never got the letter. (it / must / send / to the wrong address)
•
............................................................
d. The police found the lost child. (he / bring back / to his parents / last night).
•
............................................................
34.- Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice. Omit the agent when posible. Some sentences
can be written in more than one way.
a. The police were watching the criminal very carefully.
• ............................................................
b. Do they sell English books at that shop?
• ............................................................
c. How much alcohol did Spanish teenagers buy last weekend?
• ............................................................
d. The students could have solved this problem earlier.
• ............................................................
e. Nobody will give customers free samples.
• ............................................................
f. They are showing my mother the photographs.
• ............................................................
g. Someone is following us right now.
• ............................................................
h. I have to return this book to the library.
• ............................................................
35.- Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets (active or passive).
Exploring Mars
Mars 1 ………. currently …………………… (explore) by two robots named Spirit and Opportunity,
which 2 …………….…. (send) there in the summer of 2003. The amazing photographs that the robots
3
…………..……. (take) since their landing show that there was once water –and very
possibly life- on Mars. Scientists now also 4 ..………… (want) to send people there,
but this won’t be easy, since temperatures there are as low as –97ºC and there is no
air. In addition, experiments 5 ………………….. (must / do) in order to learn how to
grow food in outer space, because not enough food 6 ……………………… (can /
transport) to Mars. Meanwhile, scientists are amazed by the fact that Spirit and Opportunity 7
……………………… (still / work). These robots 8 ……………………….. (already / continue)
operating much longer than the three-month period that they 9 …………….. (expect) when they took
off in 2003. They 10 ……….…………….. (must / design) better than scientists realised at the time.
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36.- Read the sentences and choose the correct option in reported speech:
1. “I enjoy my work,” said Mr Barnes.
Mr Barnes said that he was enjoying / enjoyed his work.
2. “He stole my bad yesterday!” insisted the woman.
The woman insisted that he was stealing / had stolen her bag the day before.
3. “I’ll give you all the infomation,” the suspect told the investigator.
The suspect told the investigator that he would give / gave him all the information.
4. “I may have made a terrible mistake,” the detective admitted.
The detective admitted that he could / might have made a terrible mistake.
5. “We cant’ help you now,” the detective told the suspect.
The detective told the suspect that they wouldn’t / couldn’t help him then.
37.- Change the following statements into reported speech. Remember that in reported statements we
move that main verb back in time when the reporting verb is in the past.
1. “I’ll miss you next summer.”
Maggie’s boyfriend told her that …
2. “These students must get some help now.”
Principal Skinner claimed that …
3. “I’m having a party here tonight.”
Bart said that …
4. “I closed my pub early today.”
Moe mentioned that …
5. “You’re making too much noise tonight.”
Homer’s neighbours complained that …
6. “I’ve passed all my exams this term.”
Bart boasted that …
38.- Change the following questions into reported speech. Remember that in reported questions the
word order is no longer the order in a question because –when you report a question- it’s no longer a
question but reported information.
1. “Do you do any sport when you have some free time?”
The doctor asked Homer …
2. “What were you doing at 9pm last night?”
The policeman asked me …
3. “How many suspects did they arrest yesterday?”
The public opinion wondered …
4. “When will I be allowed to call my lawyer?”
The suspect wanted to know …
5. “When did you start training as a terrorist?”
The police asked the suspect …
39.- Change the following orders into reported speech. Remember that in reported orders we use the
infinitive of the action which is ordered.
1. “Give me all the money in the safe!”
The robber told the bank clerk …
2. “Don’t move!”
The bank robber told the people …
3. “Don’t look at me!”
The robber ordered the people …
4. “Stop shouting or I’ll kill you!”
The criminal told an old lady …
5. “Open the safe if you don’t want to die!”
The robber told the manager …
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REVIEWING TOP MARKS 1
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 8
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Exercise 1
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
are you watching
walks
Do you usually stay
are coming
am trying
is really making
doesn’t play
am not meeting
are you doing
puts
Do you believe
do these shoes cost
am seeing
don’t seem
forgets
am having
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Are you having
thinks
aren’t trying
contains
controls
teach
are beginning
are developing
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
are looking into
looks after
are now looking up
look up to
Are you looking forward to
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
with
in - of
of – about
for – with
about – for
to
in
at
by
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
breaking up
discussing
coming
to find
expressing
writing
to do
to answer
was waiting
didn’t watch
did you buy
began
was writing
wasn’t listening
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5
Exercise 6
Exercise 7
Possible answers
a. listening to this CD.
b. to play tennis.
c. switching off the TV?
d. arriving late / having arrived late.
e. to give us the money.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
tried – had already left
had finished – met
hadn’t eaten – gave
was – had broken up
went – hadn’t slept
Had you read – saw
decided – had known
realised – had already disappeared
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
were trying
had read
Did you cut
had left
were swimming
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Has anybody listened
has already made
did you start
Have you noticed
spread
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
will be flying
will be doing
will have come
will be waiting
will have spoken
won’t have finished
will be watching
Will you have replied
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
get on
went down
was turned down
is now looking up
go on
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
who/that
whose
where
whose
when
who/that
which/that
a.
b.
c.
11
b
a
a
b
a
Exercise 9
Exercise 10
Exercise 11
Exercise 12
Exercise 13
Exercise 14
Exercise 15
Exercise 16
Here is a woman who/that survived the tsunami.
The new CD (which/that) you bought is great.
This is the town where I was born.
d.
e.
f.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The artist who/that won the first prize is very
talented.
Those are the neighbours whose dog bit me last
night.
They have caught the tiger which/that escaped
from the zoo.
Exercise 17
J.K. Rowling, who has become one of the
richest women in the world, writes the Harry
Potter books.
Barcelona, where the 1992 Olympic Games were
held, gained international reputation.
Marie Curie discovered radioactivity, which has
saved many lives.
The Holiday Inn Hotel, where many people were
staying, was destroyed by the tsunami.
Alberto Contador, whose victory marked a new
era in cycling, won the Tour de France at the
age of 24.
Exercise 18
1. b
2. c
3. c
4. a
5. b
6. b
7. a
Exercise 19
should have paid
could have died
could have killed
should have taken
would have gone
should have told
should have washed
Exercise 20
may have gone
may have been
must have rained
can’t have forgotten
may have finished
may have found
can’t have spent
Exercise 21
have left
have stolen
go
have seen
have forgotten
speak
have bought
have done
be
Exercise 22
should have brought
cannot be
might have had
would have helped
may not have recognized
might have climbed
Exercise 23
for
of
for
of
in
f.
g.
h.
i.
about
for
on
in
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
is
comes
were
won’t buy
would you join
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
had seen – would have said
hadn’t helped – would have failed
would have come – hadn’t been
would have won – had played
had listened – wouldn’t have had
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
joins
gets
finishes
would be
bought
wouldn’t have met
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
12
Exercise 24
Exercise 25
Exercise 26
Exercise 27
If Andrew weren’t working all the time, he
wouldn’t be such a boring person.
If I had my camera, I could take a photo.
If I had my dictionary, I could translate my
Russian text.
I would write to all my friends if I weren’t so
busy.
Exercise 28
I could have bought the new PlayStation3 if I
had had enough money.
Debbie’s bike wouldn’t have been stolen if she
had locked it.
If Barbara hadn’t gone to bed so late, she would
have got up early for work.
We could have gone somewhere if it hadn’t been
raining all day.
You wouldn’t have lost your way if you hadn’t
forgotten your map.
Exercise 29
He could have played basketball if he hadn’t
been ill.
The accident wouldn’t have happened if the car
in front hadn’t stopped so suddenly.
If we could afford it, we would go out more
often.
I would have recognized Wayne if he hadn’t
been wearing a helmet.
I would buy that dress if it weren’t so
expensive.
We could have had lunch in the garden if it
hadn’t been raining all day.
…if you were more careful, she would lend you
her car.
Exercise 30
1. b
2. a
3. b
4. a
5. a
6. a
7. b
Exercise 31
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
is being repaired
was put
will be photographed
is being served
had never been seen
hasn’t been discovered
have been watered
have been avoided
was done
was the first man
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
will be shown
must our History project be handed
must have woken
is examining
have been invented
had known
hadn’t been sent
Was the thief caught
became
flew
a.
b.
c.
d.
It is being painted.
It has already been repaired.
It must have been sent to the wrong address.
He was brought back to his parents last night.
Exercise 34
The criminal was being watched (by the police)
very carefully.
Are English books sold at that shop?
How much alcohol was bought by Spanish
teenagers last weekend?
This problem could have been sold by the
students earlier.
Customers won’t be given free samples / Free
samples won’t be given to customers.
My mother is being shown the photographs /
The photographs are being shown to my mother.
We are being followed right now.
This book has to be returned to the library.
Exercise 35
1. is currently being explored
2. were sent
3. have taken
4. want
5. must be done
6. can be transported
7. are still working
8. have already continued
9. were expected
10. must have been designed
Exercise 36
1. enjoyed
2. had stolen
3. would give
4. might
5. couldn’t
Exercise 37
1. Maggie’s boyfriend told her that he
would miss her the following summer.
2. Principal Skinner claimed that those
students had to get some help then.
3. Bart said that he was having a party
there that night.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
Exercise 32
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
Exercise 33
3.
4.
13
Moe mentioned that he had closed his
pub early that day.
Homer’s neighbours complained that he
was making too much noise that night.
Bart boasted that he had passed all his
exams that term.
Exercise 38
The doctor asked Homer if he did any
sport when he had any free time.
The policeman asked me what I had
been doing at 9pm the night before.
The public opinión wondered how
many suspects they had arrested the
previous day.
The suspect wanted to know when he
would be allowed to call his lawyer.
The police asked the suspect when he
had started training as a terrorist.
Exercise 39
The robber told the bank clerk to give
him all the money in the safe.
The bank tobber told the people not to
move.
The robber ordered the people not to
look at him.
The criminal told an old lady to stop
shouting or he would kill her.