Transcript PPT

New Approaches to Data
Dissemination
Presenter:
Silas Mulwah
Organization:Kenya National Bureau of Statistics
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9 -12th September 2013, United Nations Regional workshop on Data Dissemination and
Communication Amman, Jordan
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OUTLINE
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KNBS at Glance
Dissemination Background
Current Practices
New approaches
The Future
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KNBS at Glance
 The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) was established
by the Statistics Act of 2006 to replace CBS
 The Act establishes KNBS as a Semi-Autonomous Government
Agency.
KNBS core mandate includes:
 Collection of statistical information.
 Compilation of statistical information.
 Analysis of statistical information.
 Publication and dissemination of statistical information for public
use.
 Coordinating, monitoring and supervising the National Statistical
System [NSS].
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Mission & Vision
Mission
To effectively manage and coordinate the entire National
Statistical System to enhance statistical production and
utilization.
Vision
To be a centre of excellence in Statistics production and
management.
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KNBS and National Statistical System
 Establish standards and promote the use of best practices and
methods in the production and dissemination of statistical
information across the NSS.
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Plan, authorize, coordinate and supervise all official
statistical programs undertaken within the NSS.
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Background Information
 Since late 1980’s up to early 2000 Surveys were conducted but
not analyzed, or when analyzed, the results were not released to
the public in time.
 Statistical products such as the Economic Survey and the
Statistical Abstract were produced without release
calendars leading to delays in making information
available to the public.
 Demand for statistics to benchmark and track
implementation progress of national development
initiatives and programs substantially increased.
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Cont’
 Kenya government has increasingly come to appreciate the
usefulness of good statistics for evidence–based policymaking in
guiding major Government policies and in monitoring
development programs and the Millennium Developments Goals.
 To help rebuild the statistical system, the Government prepared
a five-year Strategic Plan for 2003/04–2007/08 for the NSS.
 One of the key recommendations in the Strategic plan is the
development of a Data Access and Dissemination Policy to
address the issue of data access and use.
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Current practices
 Traditionally KNBS has been using publications, seminars and
workshops to release and disseminate survey and census data.
 CDs, DVDs are used for distribution of both survey/census
publications and Microdata after anonymisation process.
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Web based dissemination tools
 KENNADA
IHSN micro-data management Toolkit – It is used by KNBS to
document survey data and survey reports, data and the meta
data is available in net by use of NADA.
 About 37 surveys reports have been documented and published
on the website
 Redatam – IMIS (integrated mult-sectoral information system)
KNBS has used IMIS to store 1989, 1999 Census Micro data. It is
used to query information
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Cont’
 KenInfo - developed by UNICEF
 Mobile Dissemination: It was used to disseminate 2009
population census results.
 Tools under considerations: Data Portal, Data fallete
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New Approaches
 Like many other NSOs, the Kenya national Bureau of Statistics
(KNBS) has developed a dissemination policy to guide the
release/standards and the tools to be used in data dissemination.
 Due to Technological advancement in ICT and increased demand
for data, KNBS is changing the way of accessing and
disseminating information to the users.
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Cont’d
 Surveys done recently suggest that many National Statistical
Offices (NSOs) are in different stages of progress in migrating
from a paper-based publishing regime to a web-based publishing
regime.
 Several web based tools have been developed by different
organizations for publishing survey results and report but NSOs
are faced by common theme and challenges to make the World
Wide Web an effective medium for the on-line communication and
dissemination of statistics.
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Cont’d
 As the leading agency in statistical information KNBS is also
trying to make its website an effective medium for disseminating
statistical information.
 In order to attract more users of statistical data, it seeks to
install dissemination tools which are web based and with the
following capabilities:
ease of web site navigation; effectiveness of on-line search
capabilities; availability of regional level data i.e. for the
particular domains of interest especially the County data;
documented statistical methods used in analyses; and
effectiveness of on-line information retrieval.
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Cont’d
 Although dissemination policy through the web was developed,
not all the information is available through the web
 Issues of data confidentiality and cost recovery has limited
dissemination of information through the web
 Availability of databases, advances in statistical analysis and
computing technologies provide users with more and higher
quality resources for linking records in released datasets.
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Cont’d
 Pressure from users force disseminators to provide
everything about the data, but disclosure risks pressure
them to limit what is released.
 Loss of trust by respondents may lead to collection of low
quality data.
 It is becoming a challenge for agencies and organizations to
continue providing microdata in a world where
confidentiality constraints do not allow them to release
genuine data
 To overcome the confidentiality constraints;
statisticians and national statistical agencies are
researching on two strategies:
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Cont’d
(a) Remote access computer servers
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users submit requests for analyses and, in return, receive only the
results of statistical analysis.
Confidentiality is protected because the remote server never allows
users to see the genuine data.
Although remote servers do not allow users to view the
data, they are not immune to disclosure risks.
Users may be able to submit models containing judicious
transformations of variables that result in disclosures
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Cont’d
(b) Synthetic data (possibly simulated data that mimic the relationships
in the real data).
 This approach has low disclosure risks since the released values are
not the genuine data.
 This is microdata that look like the genuine data. It was first
proposed by Rubin (1993)
 Identification of units and their sensitive data from synthetic
samples is nearly impossible
The Future
 The remote server and synthetic data approaches will not meet all
analysts’ statistical needs.
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Cont’d
Analysts seeking to use exploratory data analysis to search for
complicated relationships may find remote servers too limited.
 Analysts seeking to fit models involving relationships not generated
in the synthetic data—for example, high-order interactions involving
complicated transformations of the data will find the synthetic data
inadequate for their modeling.
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Future of data dissemination
 Analysts may have to apply for special access to the
genuine microdata in restricted research data centers.
- require analysts to sign special pledges of confidentiality, and all
work using the data is done in the center.
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Cont’d
 Restricted access data centers are undoubtedly part of the
future of data dissemination, but they are not a viable
solution for wide access to public data use.
It is likely that, agencies and organizations may not be
willing or allowed to release genuine microdata for public
use.
 Statisticians in academia, government,and industry have
recognized this coming problem and have proposed:
remote access servers and synthetic datasets.
 Remote servers and synthetic data undoubtedly will play
central roles in the future of data dissemination.
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End of Presentation and
thanks for your attention
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