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Effect of Ration on Lipid Profiles in Beef
1
C.A.Daley ,
1
K.Harrison ,
1
Doyle ,
1
Abbott ,
2
Nader ,
2
Larson ,
P.
A.
G.
S.
1
California State University, College of Agriculture
2
University of California Cooperative Extension Service
Introduction: Diet is known to affect carcass
characteristics and meat quality. One of the primary factors that
affect meat quality is the lipid composition, both flavor and
tenderness of the final beef product is affected by the lipid
content and profile. The objective of this study was to determine
what changes occur in lipid profiles of cattle finished on grain,
grass or a combination of grain and grass. Particular attention
will be given to lipids with impacts on human health.
Methods: Thirty-six commercial steers were randomly
allotted to 1 of 3 treatments. Cattle finished on grass (100%),
grass(2/3’s) and grain (1/3) or grain only diets. The grain
potion of the ration was a rolled corn/oats/barley combination.
Cattle were fed to 16-17 months of age, harvested, aged and
vacuum packaged. Samples were collected from each
treatment, extracted using a mdified version of the Stranton
procedure (Stanton, et.al., 1997). Samples were then
methylated and run through Gas Chromatography (GC). All
data was analyzed by ANOVA as a % of total lipid.
46.6%
39.7%
60.0%
Grass
Blend
Ration
Grain
56.6%
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
55.0%
50.5%
50.0%
45.0%
Grass
Blend
Grain
Ration
4.00%
3.50%
3.00%
2.50%
2.00%
3.75% 3.65%
2.80%
1.00%
Grass
1.12%
Grain
1.04%
1.20%
1.00%
0.80%
0.60%
0.40%
0.20%
0.00%
0.71%
Grass
Blend
Ration
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Total Conjugated Linoleic Acid
As a % of
Total Lipid
30%
57.3%
As a % of
Total
Lipid
38.8%
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids
As a % of
Total Lipid
50%
45%
40%
35%
As a % of
Total Lipid
As a % of
total lipid
Saturated Fatty Acids
Blend
Ration
Grain
0.855%
0.71%
0.80%
0.60%
0.40%
0.20%
0.00%
0.537%
Grass
Results: Diet significantly altered the lipid
Blend
Ration
profiles within beef. Grass diets produced a
product lower in overall SFA, higher in PUFA
and a more desirable Omega 6 to 3 ratio. Grassbased rations increased CLA by 50% and
Omega 3 FA by 40%.
1 Associate
Professor Agricultural Engineering Technology
California State University, Chico, College of Agriculture
Grain