Transcript alkaloid lec 1

• Definition: Organic Compound which is :
I. With limited distribution in nature.
II. Present in; Plant, Fungi, Bacteria, Marine
III. It has physiological action or Poisonous effect.
IV. Biosynthetic pathway amino acid.
Hagnauer system of classification:
A. True alkaloids.
B. Proto alkaloids.
C. Pseudo alkaloids
Morphine
Aristolochic acid
Proto alkaloids:
Mescaline
Ephedrine
Conessine
Caffeine
Nomenclature:
-It according to;
•Genus e.g. Atropine.
•Species e.g. Colchcine.
•Physiological .activity e.g. Morphine.
•Discoverer e.g. pellertreine.
It should generally end with suffix: ~ine
-Chemical properties of alkaloids:
-Present in the Plant asSalt, ester, N-oxide, quaternary compound.)
Generally very toxic compound.
-Have bitter taste.
-unstable compound in (Heat, Light, pH changes ”some
of”