Transcript CriticalcareUnit2.ppt

Critical Care Nursing
A Holistic Approach
Part 2
Ethical Issues in Critical Care
Nursing
Chapter 7
Principles of Bioethics
• Nonmaleficence – Do no harm
• Respect for autonomy – Respect the patient’s will
• Justice – Fair in allocation of care
• Beneficence – Promote the welfare of the patient
• Veracity – Tell the truth
• Fidelity – Keep your word
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Nursing Model for Decision Making
• Identify, clarify, and understand the situation
• What is the problem
• Analyze the problem
– Who can make the decision
– Who are the stakeholders
• Look at alternative solutions
• Evaluate solution
– Adjust the solution
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Legal Issues in
Critical Care Nursing
Chapter 8
Major Areas of Law
• Administrative Law – Statute
– Nurse Practice Act
• Civil Law – Individual versus Individual
– Negligence, malpractice
– Assault and/or battery
• Criminal Law – Government versus Individual
– Negligent homicide
– Murder
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Elements of Malpractice
• There is a duty
• Breach of duty
• There is injury
• The injury was caused by the breach of duty
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Consent
• The patient is provided information to make an informed
decision about the care he or she receives
• Obtaining consent is the responsibility of the physician
• Nurses witness the patient’s signing the consent form
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Advanced Directives
• Living will
– Written document
– Expresses the wishes of the patient
• Power of attorney
– Appoints a surrogate to make decisions
– Surrogate understands the patient’s wishes and
speaks for the patient when he or she cannot
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Genetic Issues in
Critical Care Nursing
Chapter 9
Role of the Heath Professional
• Understanding of basic genetics and its terminology
• Understanding the role of genetics in preventive care of
the patient
• Gather family histories
• Be sensitive about genetic information and provide
confidentiality and privacy
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Genes code for proteins
If
There is a change in protein,
there is a change in function!
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Code for Proteins
• Replication
– The double-stranded DNA separates
– Template for synthesis
– Complement for repair
• Transcription
– Genes code is transcribed in messenger RNA
• Translation
– In the cytoplasm, mRNA serves as a template to make
proteins
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Genetic Disease
• Monogenic – A single mutant gene
– Sickle cell anemia
– Cystic fibrosis
– Phenylketonuria
• Cytogenetic – Addition/Deletion of a chromosome
– Down syndrome
– Turner syndrome
– Klinefelter syndrome
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Building a Professional Practice
Model for Excellence
Chapter 10
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.
Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition.