Transcript 10 Adaptations and supporting policies

Adaptations & supporting policies
for food security and livelihoods
Based on…….
Outline
• General types of adaptations needed
• An adaptation framework
• Win-win adaptations
• Supporting policies
Adaptations need
• To minimise and fill the gap
Poorly-managed fisheries
Quantity of fish/habitat
a)
Fish needed by
growing population
Fish habitat
Fish
Fish available
available from
from
coastal
stocks
stocks
Gap in supply of
fish to be filled
Time
Well-managed fisheries
Quantity of fish/habitat
b)
Fish needed by
growing population
Fish habitat
Fish available from
stocks
Fish available from
coastal stocks
Time
Adaptation decision framework
Addresses climate change
Near-term Loss
Near-term Gain
Addresses present drivers
Long-term Loss
Lose-Lose
Long-term Gain
Lose-Win
X
X
Win-Lose

Win-Win
X


x
X
After Grafton (2010)
Adaptations to minimise the gap
Poorly-managed fisheries
Quantity of fish/habitat
a)
Fish needed by
growing population
Fish habitat
Fish
Fish available
available from
from
coastal
stocks
stocks
Gap in supply of
Time
Well-managed fisheries
Quantity of fish/habitat
b)
Fish needed by
growing population
Fish habitat
Fish available from
stocks
Fish available from
coastal stocks
Time
Avoid
fish to bethis
filled
Avoid this
L-L
W-L
L-W
Win-win adaptations
W-W
Improves resilience of
coral reef, mangrove
and seagrass habitats
Manage and restore vegetation
cover in catchments
L-L
W-L
L-W
Win-win adaptations
W-W
Maintaining spawning
adults will help ensure
replenishment and build
resilience of key species
Sustain production of fish
stocks
Adaptations to fill the gap
Poorly-managed fisheries
Quantity of fish/habitat
a)
Fish needed by
growing population
Fish habitat
Fish
Fish available
available from
from
coastal
stocks
stocks
Gap in supply of
fish to be filled
Time
Well-managed fisheries
Quantity of fish/habitat
b)
Fish needed by
growing population
Fish habitat
Fish available from
stocks
Fish available from
coastal stocks
Time
L-L
W-L
L-W
W-W
Win-win adaptations
Increase access to tuna with
anchored inshore Fish
Aggregating Devices (FADs)
L-L
L-W
W-L
W-W
Win-win adaptations
Improve post-harvest methods
Photo: Jocelyn Carlin
L-L
W-L
L-W
W-W
Win-win adaptations
Develop pond aquaculture in
rural and peri-urban areas
Photo: Ben Ponia
L-L
L-W
W-L
W-W
Win-win adaptations
?
Develop coastal fisheries for
small pelagic species
Photo: Nathalie Behring
Other adaptations
L-L
L-W
W-L
W-W
Provide for landward migration
of coastal fish habitats
Other adaptations
L-L
L-W
W-L
W-W
Reduce and diversify catches
of demersal fish
Greater focus on herbivorous fish
Other adaptations
L-L
L-W
W-L
W-W
Allow for expansion of freshwater
fish habitats
Suggested supporting policies
• Strengthen governance of agriculture, forestry and
mining practices to prevent soil loss and pollution,
to safeguard fish habitats and water quality
• Minimise barriers to migration of coastal and
freshwater habitats
• Promote mangrove replanting programmes
• Apply ‘primary fisheries management’ to coastal
fisheries to maintain their potential for
replenishment
Suggested supporting policies
• Restrict export of demersal fish to retain them for
national food security
• Increase access to tuna for the food security by
reducing national allocations to industrial fleets
• Capitalise on opportunities for freshwater pond
aquaculture
• Limit farming of Nile tilapia to catchments where
tilapia species are already established, or there is a
shortage of fish
Key investments
 Surveys of best sites for installing inshore FADs
 Programmes to install and maintain FADs
 Identify prime locations for peri-urban and rural
pond aquaculture
 Hatcheries and networks to deliver juveniles
Evaluate merits of micro-credit schemes to develop
fisheries around FADs; expand pond aquaculture;
and scale-up post-harvest processing
Conclusions
• Win-win adaptations are available to reduce
risks and capitalise on opportunities
• Supporting policies and investments are needed
• Integrate adaptations and policies and
investments into national strategies and action
plans for climate change, including communitybased actions supported by partners