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National Conference on emergency Communications The George Washington University Global Emergency Communications: The Near-Term Challenge Dr. Eric J. Novotny Senior vice President Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 1 Emergency Communications Emergency Communications: Local Regional National International Many requirements for emergency communications are international in scope The ITU is active in promoting international activities in emergency communications © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 2 International Telecommunication Union 189 Member States 700 Sector Members ITU ITU-T ITU-D Telecommunication standardization of network and service aspects Assisting implementation and operation of telecommunications in developing countries ITU-R Radiocommunication standardization and global radio spectrum management © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 3 Emergency Communication Requirements Four communication scenarios: Citizen to citizen [including business communications] Authorities to authorities [At all levels and functions] Authorities to citizen Citizen to authorities Disaster prediction and detection – meteorological and Earth observation satellite services Disaster warning and alerts – broadcast, fixed, mobile and related satellite services Disaster relief – Amateur, broadcast, fixed, mobile and related satellite services © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 4 Roles of the ITU Three current examples: Tampere Convention—to facilitate exchange of telecom equipment in disaster relief operations 2003 WRC: reserved spectrum for emergency communications Standardization work on call priority © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 5 Disaster prediction and detection Meteorological and Earth observation satellite services Operated primarily by government agencies Play a major role in prediction and detection of disasters (such as hurricanes, earthquakes and tsunamis, floods, fires, dangerous pollution, etc.) © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 6 Disaster alerting Alert the central/regional/local authorities responsible for warning the public – fixed, mobile, fixed/mobile-satellite Issue warnings to the people likely to be affected - broadcast, sound and television - mobile (such as SMS) © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 7 Disaster relief Amateur radio– a long history of aiding with communications during disasters Earth observation satellites – damage assessment Fixed/mobile satellite - to rapidly restore communications capabilities Fixed – transportable, high capacity - point-to-point and local area Mobile – coordination of relief activities © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 8 Resolution 646 (WRC-03) “Strongly recommends use of regionally harmonized bands : Region 1: 380-470 MHz as the frequency range within which the band 380-385/390-395 MHz is a preferred core harmonized band for permanent public protection activities within certain countries of Region 1; Region 2: 746-806 MHz, 806-869 MHz, 4 9404 990 MHz; Region 3: 406.1-430 MHz, 440-470 MHz, 806-824/851869 MHz, 4 940-4 990 MHz and 5 850-5 925 MHz” © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 9 Global Circulation—Type Acceptance Recommendation ITU-R M.1637 “Global cross-border circulation of radiocommunication equipment in emergency and disaster relief situations” Recommendation ITU-R M.1579 “Global circulation of IMT-2000 terminals” Recognize the importance of the needs of organizations dealing with disaster relief © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 10 Status of studies – Amateur involvement Recommendation ITU-R M.1042-2: “Disaster communications in the amateur and amateursatellite services” Encourages the development of robust, flexible and independent amateur service and amateur-satellite service networks, capable of providing communications during disasters and relief operations © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 11 Future activities Study the protection and spectrum needs of advanced meteorological/Earth exploration satellite systems (WRC-07) Study implementation technologies for disaster alerting and disaster relief communications solutions Revise and update the experience on emergency systems and characteristics in line with operational experience and technological developments © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 12 Possible future activities Add-ons to existing system specifications: System priorities for emergency message broadcast: audio, audiovisual, text Extension of short text messaging to fixed telephones (circuitswitched and IP/soft-phones) Definition of methods to address multiple languages and communication for people with disabilities, in particular for IPbased systems Definition of an E-series recommendation unique country code for emergency communications © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 13 Conclusions ITU has historically played an important role in communications for disaster prevention and mitigation In the Radiocommunications Sector: Regionally harmonized frequency bands have been identified for disaster relief operations Studies are continuing regarding the development of meteorological and Earth observation satellite services Further work is required on near-term technical and operational solutions for disaster alerting and disaster relief communications © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 14 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 701 Scarboro Road Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Oak Ridge Tel: 1-865 574 1126 DC Tel: 1-703 683 5944 CEO: [email protected] Service Bureau: [email protected] Washington Office: [email protected] Offices: Oak Ridge, TN – Newport Beach, CA - Washington, DC TechConnect © 2005 Oak Ridge Technology Connection, LLC 15