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Introduction to the Brain
• The brain stem
(腦幹) is between
the spinal cord
and the rest of the
brain. Basic
functions like
breathing and
sleep are
controlled here.
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http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/73860/Pictures%20Library/Forms/DispForm.aspx?ID=11
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Introduction to the Brain
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http://bobschuster.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/insert9.jpg
• The basal ganglia
(基底神經節) are a
cluster of structures
in the center of the
brain.
• The basal ganglia
coordinate
messages between
multiple other brain
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areas.
Introduction to the Brain
• It is associated with complex cognitive
behaviors that includes:
– Learning
– Integrative cognitive functions (結合認知功能)
– Memory
– Emotional functions
– Control or regulation of behavior (控制或監管的行為)
– Regulation of motor functions
• including limb and eye movements
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Introduction to the Brain
• Responsible for retrieval processes
– the ability to retrieve information stored in the
brain — as well as procedural memory — the
memory associated with the knowledge to do
a task. (Bigler and Clement, Diagnostic
Clinical Neuropsychology at 44. 3d Ed.)
• These structures are vulnerable to
damage from carbon monoxide poisoning
(一氧化碳中毒).
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Introduction to the Brain
• The cerebellum (小腦)is at the base and
the back of the brain. The cerebellum is
responsible for coordination and balance.
• It plays an important role in movements
which require careful timing and
interaction of many muscles:
– maintaining posture, walking, eating, playing
musical instruments, tracking movements with
the eyes, etc..
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Introduction to the Brain
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http://www.memorylossonline.com/glossary/cerebellum.html
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