Transcript FEMALEREPRODUCTIVESYSTEM.ppt

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
A) Structure


The female gonads
are the ___________
Their main function is
to
_________________
 Mature egg cell of the
female is called an
ovum

fallopian tube—a passageway
from the ovaries to the uterus

uterus—hollow muscular organ
in which development of the
embryo will occur (if
fertilization occurs)

during sexual intercourse,
sperm are deposited into the
vagina

vagina leads from the outside
of the females body to the
entrance of the uterus—cervix
B) Function

The functions of the
female reproductive
system are to
produce eggs and
nourish the embryo is
the egg is fertilized

Each ovary contains
400,000 follicles—
clusters of cells that
surround a single egg
to help it mature
 Only about 400
mature eggs will be
released during the
life of a woman
C) Menstrual Cycle





Occurs about every 28 days
Regulated by hormones
Begins during puberty and ends between the
ages of 45-55
Menopause: the permanent stopping of the
menstrual cycle
During the menstrual cycle, an egg develops
and is released from the ovary while the uterus
prepares itself for a fertilized egg
 Menstrual
Cycle: cycle during which an
egg develops and is released from an
ovary and the uterus is prepared to
receive the fertilized egg
 If the egg is fertilized, it is implanted in the
uterus for development to occur.
 If the egg is not fertilized, it is discharged
with the lining of the uterus
1. Follicular Phase
 The
Follicular Phase is when the follicle
that surrounds the egg, as well as the egg,
grows and matures.
 It begins when levels of estrogen are low
 FSH and LH are secreted (released) which
is what causes the follicle to grow.

As the follicle
develops, estrogen is
produced.
 The estrogen causes
the lining of the uterus
to thicken.
2. Ovulation

This phase occurs
midway through the
cycle and lasts 3-4
days.
 More FSH and LH are
produced
 Causes the follicle to
rupture, releasing the
egg into the
_________________.
3. Luteal Phase

Begins after the egg
is released
 The follicle turns
yellow and is called
the corpus luteum
 Estrogen is continued
to be released and
progesterone is also
released.
 Progesterone
stimulates the growth and
development of the blood supply in the
uterus and tissue.
 This allows the uterus to nourish and
protect the embryo if the egg is fertilized.
4. Menstruation

If fertilization does not
occur, the corpus
luteum will begin to
disintegrate.
 The follicle breaks
down, and releases
less hormones, which
makes the uterine
lining detach.
 The
tissue, blood and unfertilized egg are
discharged through the vagina.
 Menstruation usually lasts about 3-7 days.