Transcript Carbohydrates

Aim: How can we describe the
structure of carbohydrates ?
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Monosaccharides
Simple sugars with 3 to 7 carbon atoms
Glucose, fructose, galactose
Monosaccharide
Milk Sugar
Fruit Sugar
Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education,
Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin
Cummings
Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.,
publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Carbohydrates
FIGURE 2–11 The Formation and Breakdown of Complex Sugars.
Building sugars
• Dehydration synthesis
monosaccharides
|
glucose
|
glucose
disaccharide
|
maltose
glycosidic linkage
- Bond between 2
monosaccharide's
Building sugars
• Dehydration Synthesis
monosaccharides
|
glucose
|
fructose
disaccharide
|
sucrose
(table sugar)
Disaccharides
Two simple sugars condensed by
dehydration synthesis
– sucrose = glucose & fructose
– maltose = glucose & glucose
– lactose = glucose & galactose (lactose
intolerance)
Disaccharide
Maltose is two glucose molecules; forms in digestive tract of
humans during starch digestion.
Polysaccharides
Many monosaccharides condensed by
dehydration synthesis
– Cellulose (a
structural
component of
plants)
– Starch (main
energy reserve in
plants)
– Glycogen (energy
reserve in
animals)
Polysaccharide
Starch is straight chain of glucose molecules with few side
branches.
Types of Carbs
Starch vs. Cellulose
Share and Pair Summary Activity
Summary
1. Distinguish inorganic and organic
compounds.
2. Why are carbohydrates important?
3. Explain why glucose is a simple
monosaccharide.
4. Why does synthesis and hydrolysis pertain to
carbohydrates?