Transcript Chapter 01 FFI Final (4)

South Carolina Fire Academy
1402 Hybrid Firefighter I
6th Edition
Chapter 1
Orientation and
Fire Service History
Fire Service History and Culture
Fire service history is an important part
of understanding current practices
Colonial
North
America
Industrial
Revolution
influence
•
•
•
•
Jamestown
Boston
New Amsterdam (New York)
Philadelphia
• Steam pumpers
• Iron structural members
• Steel replaced iron
• Skyscrapers
• NFPA®
1–1
Fire Service History and Culture
MGM Grand Hotel Fire, Clark County, Nevada (1980)
(Cont.)
1–2
Fire Service History and Culture
One Meridian Plaza, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1991)
(Cont.)
1–3
Fire Service History and Culture
Significant historical events result in current laws and equipment
1–4
Fire Service History and Culture
Cleveland School Fire
Kershaw County, SC May 17, 1923
Killed 77 people when a
candle fell on the floor
First recorded time that
Red Cross provided
money for disaster
relief
SC Legislature met and
required schools to be
built with fire escapes
1–5
Fire Service History and Culture
Sofa Super Store Fire
Charleston, SC June 18, 2007
1–6
Fire Service History and Culture
Charleston, South Carolina
(2007)
Fire in a large furniture
store resulted in the loss of
9 Charleston Firefighters.
Prompted major changes to
firefighter accountability in
the state of South Carolina
and across the nation.
1–7
There are general trends of change
in the modern fire service
Fire prevention
and public
safety
education
Hazardous
materials
Professionalization
for the fire service
Firefighter
safety
Emergency
medical
services
Terrorism
Natural
disasters (All
hazard
mitigation)
Community-based
fire protection
1–8
Fire service culture is influenced by its
organization and cultural challenges
Culture
Organizational
Characteristics
• Based on history
and tradition
• Grows with
education
• Command structure
• Ranks
• Uniforms
• Teamwork
Cultural
Challenges
1–9
Fire service culture develops
specific cultural strengths
Integrity
Moral
character
Work
ethic
Pride
Courage
Loyalty
Respect
Compassion
1–10
The fire service mission establishes
department organization
Save lives
Fire
Service
Mission
Protect
property and
environment
1–11
Department organization is based on
a system of rank tied to specific duties
1–12
Fire department types are determined
by how the organization is funded
Public
Private
1–13
Types of staffing vary based on funding
and duties assigned at the station
Career
Volunteer
• On-call
Combination
1–14
Departmental duties are separated
based on who personnel support
Line personnel
Staff personnel
Directly to
external
customers
Support
line
personnel
1–15
The basic organization of a fire
company is based on assigned duties
Company
Basic unit with
the officer at top
Battalion or district
Operations division
Companies located
in response area
Manages day-today operations
1–16
Fire company duties vary
depending on their main purpose
Engine company
Rescue squad/
company
Truck (Ladder) Company
Brush
company
(Cont.)
1–17
Fire company duties vary
depending on their main purpose
Hazardous Materials
company
Emergency
medical/
ambulance
company
Special rescue
company
Aircraft rescue and fire
fighting company
1–18
Fire department personnel must
meet specific qualifications
Professional
Educational
Age
Medical
Job-related
physical
fitness
Training in
basic
medical care
1–19
Line functions form the foundation of
the uniformed part of fire service
Emergency
Operations Division
Fire
Fighter I
Fire
Fighter II
(Cont.)
1–20
Line functions form the foundation
of the uniformed part of fire service
Emergency Operations Division
Airport
firefighter
Apparatus
Driver/Operator
Hazardous
materials
technician
(Cont.)
1–21
Line functions form the foundation
of the uniformed part of fire service
Emergency Operations Division
Wildland
firefighter
Fire department
Incident Safety
Officer
Rescue Technician
Fire police
personnel
(Cont.)
1–22
Line functions form the foundation
of the uniformed part of fire service
Emergency Operations Division
Company
Officer
District/
Battalion Chief
Fire Department Officer
Assistant/
Deputy Chief
Fire Marshal
(Cont.)
Fire Chief
1–23
Line functions form the foundation
of the uniformed part of fire service
Emergency Operations Division
Emergency
medical
responders
Emergency
medical
technicians
Advanced
emergency medical
technicians
Paramedics
(Cont.)
1–24
Line functions form the foundation
of the uniformed part of fire service
Fire Prevention Division
Fire
prevention
officer/
inspector
Plans
examiner
Fire and
arson
investigator
Public fire
and life
safety
educator
Fire
protection
engineer/
specialist
1–25
Staff functions support and train
members of the fire service
Training division
Fire department
health and safety
officer
Clerical staff
Telecommunicators
Information systems
personnel
Fire alarm
personnel
Apparatus and
equipment
maintenance
personnel
• Instructors
• Training officer/ Chief
of training
1–26
Fire service members must understand
department organizational principles
Chain of
command
Unity of
command
(Cont.)
1–27
Fire service members must understand
department organizational principles
Span of
control
Division
of labor
Discipline
1–28
Personnel must know how to locate information
in fire department regulations
First, ask your
supervisor
May be posted
May be on file at
administrative
office
1–29
The fire service is regulated by a
variety of rules and procedures
Policies
• Guide to decision making
• Set boundaries, establish standards
of conduct
• Detailed plan of action
• List step-by-step
Procedures
for conducting policy
(Cont.)
1–30
The fire service is regulated by a
variety of rules and procedures
Laws, Statutes,
or Ordinances
Codes and
standards
Orders and
Directives
• Federal
• State/provincial
• Local
• Standard – Set of
principles,
protocols,
procedures
• Code – Collection
of rules and
regulations
• Issued from top
command
• Used to implement
departmental
policies
1–31
Fire service personnel will interact
with various other organizations
Emergency
disaster
management
EMS and
Hospitals
Law
enforcement
(Cont.)
1–32
Fire service personnel will interact
with various other organizations
Utility
companies
Public
works
Media
Other
agencies
1–33
Summary
• To perform as a firefighter you need physical
skills and knowledge of the regulations that
govern your organization, the laws that
regulate fire service, the incident command
system, as well as, an understanding of
agencies that interact with the fire
department.
• Firefighting is a profession with a long and
proud tradition of service to the community.
1–34