Transcript Reform

Do Now:
• If you could change 1 thing at LBHS
what would it be?
• Explain
The Reformation
Notes 1
Causes of the Reformation
• Renaissance ideas focused on
humanism and the individual not
the church.
• Corrupt leaders of the
church.
– Popes fathered children.
– Lived a lavish lifestyle, and
spent extravagantly.
– Hired poor, uneducated priest
to perform religious duties.
– Papal Bulls: can override
laws, excommunicate,
canonize, and promote
people to church positions.
The sale of indulgences & relics.
• Friar Johann Tetzel
- Selling forgiveness
of sins to pay for St.
Peter’s Cathedral in
Rome.
The Church also sold bones of saints which
were said to perform miracles.
The Result
• The church was the wealthiest
institution in Europe, and merchants
and others resented having to pay
taxes.
The Reformation
• Reform means “to change”. A reformer sees both a problem
and solution.
• Martin Luther wrote the 95 Theses which spoke out against
the practice of selling indulgences.
• He posted a copy on the door of the castle at Wittenberg,
Germany. People copied the posting and took it straight to
the printing press.
• Quickly Luther’s work and name spread throughout Europe
and began the Protestant Reformation.
• Protestant Reformation: a series of religious movements that
called for the urgent change in the Roman Catholic Church.
• The reformation eventually led to the formation of a new
branch of Christianity called Protestantism, which did not
accept the popes authority over the church.
Luther’s teachings & the Pope’s response
• Luther’s Teachings
– Luther preached that you can earn salvation by faith and god’s
forgiveness - The church taught that good works were needed.
– All teachings should be taken from the bible the pope and church
traditions are false.
– People did not need priest to interpret the bible for them, all people
were capable of interpretation.
• The Pope excommunicated Luther, and later King Charles
V put him on trial he was found guilty.
• The Edict of Worms declared him an outlaw -no one was to
give him shelter or food.
• Prince Frederick the Wise of Saxony hid him, and he later
returned to Wittenberg, where he and his followers became
known as Lutherans.
Vs.
Reformation Situations
• We are going to take a look at 4 pairs of
different (yet similar) situations
• After each situation pair we will have a small
discussion and you will answer the questions
that follow on your sheets for a grade
Scenario 1
• Indulgences — When a person commits a sin, he or she can
expect eternal punishment. The church was “selling”
indulgences; in other words, they were allowing people to buy
forgiveness of their sins.
• TODAY: You got into a fight in the hall. The school rule is that
you are suspended when you fight at school. Your mom calls in
and is willing to make a big contribution to the discipline
committee if you can get out of your suspension. The principal
agrees. The person you fought with cannot afford to make a
contribution so he must spend 10 days at home as punishment
for the fight.
• How are these two episodes similar? React to this scenario
below.
Scenario 2
• Lifestyle — St. Francis of Assisi believed that all church
people should live a life of poverty to imitate the life of
Christ. He narrowly avoided being called a “heretic” or a
member of the church who holds different beliefs than
those in power. This caused great internal conflict.
• TODAY: The principal believes that every teacher needs to
give homework every night. He is the boss and the ultimate
authority in the school. A teacher believes that homework is
not appropriate every night and therefore does not follow
the rule and encourages others to break the rule as well.
She narrowly misses being fired by the board of education
on a 3-2 vote.
• How are these two episodes similar? How are they
different? React to this scenario.
Scenario 3
• Decline in prestige (influence) — There was a decline in
power and influence of some of the ruling-class people in
authority. The church depended upon these people to
collect taxes for them and to enforce the church orders. This
was not happening.
• TODAY: The treasurer of the school district has made a
large error in bookkeeping. This has been well publicized in
the community and people are upset by the error. The board
wants to put a new levy on the ballot to keep the district out
of debt. There is not much support for the levy within the
community.
• How are these episodes similar? React to this scenario.
Scenario 4
• The Pope — Pope Alexander from Spain gave his
Spanish relatives anything they asked for. He
helped his illegitimate son attempt to become ruler
of the land.
• TODAY: The superintendent of your school district
has made his wife the assistant superintendent. He
also has hired his son to teach and coach in one of
his schools.
• How are these episodes similar? React to this
scenario.
LBHS Reformation
• Given the LBHS Student Handbook you and your
group will create a list of “LBHS Theses” as Martin
Luther did against the Catholic Church
• You will need to read, discuss, and reform rules you
feel are unjust
Product:
• 5 LBHS reformations turned in, one assignment
from each person
We will discuss our reformations at the end
OR
Complete the assignment for HW if time runs short
Do Now:
• Where can you go for a hamburger other than
Macdonald’s?
• Why are there so many other options?
• People don’t like monopolies
– The Roman Catholic Church ~ Macdonald’s
The Reformation
Notes 2
Martin Luther
Constructed Response
• Selling Indulgences
• Martin Luther preached out against
indulgences. Based on your knowledge
of the subject and the clip you’ve just
seen, explain some of the problems
associated with the selling of
indulgences.
Open Your Books
• For this part of the notes be prepared
to reference p 491 – 493 in the textbook
Henry Wants a Son
• Henry VIII became king in 1509, and was a devout
Catholic.
• Married Catherine of Aragon of Spain, and had one
daughter - Mary, but no son to inherit the throne.
• Church law did not grant divorces- Henry went to
Parliament- the body that over saw law, and had
them grant him permission and accept his authority
over the pope.
• He secretly married Anne Boleyn, but only had a
daughter - Elizabeth.
• Anne Boleyn was tried and executed for treason.
• He married Jane Seymour and finally had a son
Edward. - Jane died 2 weeks after giving birth.
Henry VIII’s
Standard Wife Portrait
The 6 Wives of Henry
Successors to the throne
• 1547-Edward takes the
throne at the age of 9 advised by protestants he rules for 6 years and
died.
• 1553- Mary takes the
throne and restores ties
with the Catholic church she died in 1558.
• 1558- Elizabeth takes the
throne, a Protestant Parliament set up the
Anglican Church, and
Elizabeth is head (The
only legal church of
England).
The Reformation Continues
• John Calvin admired Martin Luther’s ideas
about church reform and also believed in
the protestant idea that people could not
obtain salvation by good works.
• He published the Institutes of Christian
Religion, which examined his beliefs
including the idea that salvation is
predestined - meaning god has only
chosen a few which will reach salvation.
• This became known as Calvinism - a
branch of Protestantism.
Geneva Switzerland
• Calvin arrives in 1540’s and transforms the small city into a
Theocracy - a government ruled by religious leaders.
• It had strict rules including no bright colored clothing,
mandatory religion class, no gambling/cardgames.
• If you broke these rules you would be excommunicated,
banished, or imprisoned.
• If you were caught speaking against the religion you would
be burned at the stake.
• John Knox, a preacher visited the city and admired the
high moral standards and government. He returned home
to Scotland and began the same type of government
• The people who oversaw it became known as Presbyters Knox’s followers became known as Presbyterians.
The Reformation Continues
The Early Christian Church
Eastern Orthodoxy
Roman Catholic
Protestant
Calvinism
Russian
Anglicanism
Greek
1. Episcopalian
1. Presbyterian
2. Reformed
Lutheranism
2. Baptist
3. Methodist
4. Pentecostal
Europe Changes
Political Borders
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y
46sZQQeEaY
The Catholic Reformation
• While Protestant churches won many followers, millions
remained catholic.
• A movement known as the catholic reformation took place, to
continue to keep followers by reforming the church within.
• Pope Paul III - investigated the sale of indulgences.
• He called for a council of church leaders to meet at Trent, Italy.
• They agreed on several doctrines:
– The church’s interpretation of the bible was final.
– Christians needed good works for salvation.
– The bible and church authority were equally powerful.
– False indulgences were banned.
• Pope Paul IV - 1599 calls for officials to draw up a list of books
dangerous to the catholic faith.
• Known Index of forbidden books - they were collected/seized and
burned.
Discussion Question
• Make a prediction about what will
happen in Europe over the next few
years now that there are so many
different religions and new boarders
–Support your prediction