Transcript Emergency_Response_2.ppt

COURSE OUTLINE
0800-0850
0900-0950
1000-1050
1100-1150
1150-1300
1300-1350
1400-1450
1500-1550
1600-1650
INTRO / GENERAL PRINCIPLES
VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
EMER. MGMT. CONSIDERATIONS
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
LUNCH
GENERAL HAZMAT RESPONSE
CHEMICAL SPECIFIC RESPONSE
PPE / AIR MONITORING
REVIEW KENDALL PLAN / EXAM
CLASSROOM BASICS
50 minute sessions / 10 minute breaks
The Rule of 8’s
Class Atmosphere
questions anytime
clarify Kendall aspects all the time
comfortable, relaxed, no hierarchy
no sleeping (please stand up, walk around)
INTRO
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Our Goal:
Provide a step-by-step discussion on your
emergency management program
creation
maintenance
execution
evaluation
Didactic - Interactive - Informative
INTRO
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Background
Augusta Company spills sulfur trioxide
bad press, regulatory attention, public relations
Amoco faces scrutiny over new school
emergency plans helped reduce concern
Pam Tucker
good, tough, honest, but leaving soon
Other Examples
Ford Boiler Explosion, NC Fire, Hurricane Andrew
INTRO
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
So What???
Emergencies take their toll on business in
lives, well-being, and dollars
Prevention is the best medicine, but
Preparedness is the key to survival
Other Terms:
emergency management, emergency
response, emergency preparedness,
emergency planning, contingency planning
INTRO
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
The end result is the same:
- limit injuries and damage
- limit civil/criminal liability
- regulatory compliance / avoid fines
+ return more quickly to normal operations
+ protect employees, community, and env.
+ enhances company image
So, lets get into it……...
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
What is an Emergency
Any unplanned event that can cause deaths,
or significant injuries to:
employees, customers, or the public
Or, that can:
shut down your business
disrupt your operations
cause physical or environmental damage
threaten the facility’s financial standing
threaten the facility’s public image
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Numerous Events Can Be Emergencies:
Fire, Explosion,
HazMat Incident
Hurricane, Tornado, Flood, Earthquake, Snow
Civil Disturbance
Avoid the term “Disaster”
confuses impact to different companies
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
What is Emergency Management?
The PROCESS of preparing for, mitigating,
responding to, and recovering from one of
these events
It is a DYNAMIC process, that MUST include
planning
training
conducting drills
testing equipment
coordinating activities
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
The Five Main Steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Establish a planning team
Analyze capabilities and hazards
Develop the plan
Implement the plan
Go to Step 2
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Establish a Planning Team
Forming The Team
Involve all functional areas
Support Services
Management and Personnel
Emergency Response
Communications
Community
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Establish a Planning Team
Establish Authority, Schedule, Budget
commission the team
wear the managers “rank”
issue a mission statement
establish schedules, deadlines, priorities
determine the budget (needed vs. approved)
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Analyze Capability/Hazards
Gather info about current capabilities
review internal plans and policies
meet with outside groups
identify codes and regulations
identify critical products, services, operations
identify internal resources
identify external resources
Conduct a Vulnerability Analysis
we’ll address this in detail later
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Develop The Plan
The Plan should include: an Executive
Summary, Emer. Mgmt Elements, Emer.
Response Procedures, Support Documents
Emergency Management Elements are:
command, control, communications
life safety, property protection
administration and logistics
recovery and restoration
community outreach
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Develop The Plan
The development process should include:
prioritizing
writing
training
outside coord
corporate comms
review/revision
approval
distribution
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Implementation
Integrate plan into Company Operations
It should become part of the company
culture
Senior Management support?
Incorporated into personnel/financial proc.?
How is the plan distributed/communicated?
Are all levels of the organization involved?
Do personnel know what they should do?
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Implementation
Conduct Training
orientation and education sessions
tabletop exercises
walk-through drill
functional drills
evacuation drill
full scale exercise
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Does Anyone Remember the Last Step?
Go to Step 2
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
This systematic process of evaluating the
probability and potential impact of each
emergency.
Use a numerical system to:
Assign probabilities
estimate impact
assess resources
The Higher The Score the Better
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
List Potential Emergencies
Include internal and external emergencies
Factors to consider:
historical
geographic
technological
human error
physical
regulatory
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Historical Factors, what HAS occured
at this facility
at similar facilities
at other facilities in the area
in the community at-large
Geographical Factors (ie. due to location)
flood plains, seismic faults
adjacent company hazards
airports, railroads, highways, nuclear power
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Technological Factors:
Process Safety
Computer Failure
Power Failure
Emergencies from human error due to:
poor training
misconduct
fatigue
drugs/alcohol
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Physical Factors:
layout of equipment
proximity of shelter areas
physical construction
Regulatory Factors:
Limited by regulations?
Required to respond by regulations?
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Estimate Probability
Rate the likelihood of emergency
Use scale of 1 to 5 (1 = lowest probability)
Subjective consideration
Be consistent
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Estimate the Potential Human Impacts
the possibility of death or serious injury
Estimate the Potential Property Impacts
cost to repair/replace
cost of temporary facilities
Estimate the Potential Business Impacts
business interruption
breach of supply contracts
inaccessiblity by employees, customers, shippers
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Assess Internal and External Resources
 The lower the score the better
in-house assets/talents sufficient
responsiveness of external support
Add the columns
The lower the score the better
Subjective, but comparisons provide planning
and resource priorities.
VULNERABILITY
ANALYSIS
Sounds easy, Right???
Lets do one on a “simple” emergency.
Emergency Management
Elements
Command, Control, and Communications
Life Safety
Property Protection
Recovery and Restoration
Administration and Logistics
Community Outreach
Emergency Management
Elements
Command, Control, and Communications
SomeONE has to be in charge
Emergency Action Group
Incident Commander
First Aiders, Fire Brigade, HazMat Team
Emergency Management Group
Plant Manager, General Manager,
Safety/Health Manager, Environmental Manager
Public Relations, HR, Logistics
Emergency Management
Elements
Incident Command System
Developed specifically for the fire service
Can be applied to all emergencies
Provides for coordinated response and a
CLEAR Chain of Command for safe operations
Incident Commander
frontline management of the problem
tactical planning and execution
determines if outside assistance is needed
Emergency Management
Elements
The Incident Commander must have authority
to:
assume command
assess the situation
implement the emergency plan
determine response strategies
activate resources
order evacuation
declare the incident is “over”
Emergency Management
Elements
Emergency Operations Center
communications equipment
copies of emergency plan / EOC procedures
blueprints, maps, status boards
a list of EAG members and their duties
technical information and data
data/info management capabilities
telephone directories
back-up power, comms and lighting
Emergency Management
Elements
Emergency Operations Center
THE centralized management center
Where the EMG (decision makers) operates
from during an emergency
The ONLY location/source to override the IC
Must be located in an area of the facility not
likely to be involved in any of the Emergency
Plan scenarios.
An alternate should also be designated
Emergency Management
Elements
Other Command and Control issues:
Need a predetermined line of succession
Define duties of personnel with assigned role
Prepare checklists/procedures for each role
Maintain logs
Use security to isolate the involved area
coordination of outside response
Emergency Management
Elements
Communications
Cant stress this enough!
Think about comms during a routine day,
then think about them during an emergency
Consider comms between:
the EAG and the IC
the IC and the EOC/EMG
the EOC and everyone else
• customers, neighbors, media, fire department
Emergency Management
Elements
Contingency Planning Communications
Business/Recovery impact
Prioritize communications
Consider backup communications
messengers
radios: short wave, microwave, CB, etc
satellite
Family Communications
Emergency Management
Elements
Communications - Notification
How should employees report an emergency
Post emergency telephone numbers
MAINTAIN a list of repsonders’ numbers
consider a weather radio watch
Communications - Alarm
Be audible or within view of ALL personnel
auxiliary power supply
distinct and recognizable signal
Emergency Management
Elements
Life Safety
Evacuation planning
Pre-determine conditions warranting evac
Identify personnel authorized to order evac
Use a system to account for personnel
Establish alternate muster areas
disabled / non-English speaking persons
Define approved shelter areas
physically sound? Supplies?
Emergency Management
Elements
Property Safety - Consider:
fire fighting
spill control/clean-up
closing barricades, doors, windows
shutting down equipment
covering/moving equipment
protection systems
retrofitting mitigative modifications
Facility shutdown (similar to evac policy)
Emergency Management
Elements
Records Preservation
A major source of “loss”, often overlooked
off site copies
electronic back-ups
improved storage
include in evacuation policy (initial response)
procedure to recreate lost records
Emergency Management
Elements
Community Outreach
involving the community
mutual aid agreements
community service
public information
media relations
risk = hazard + outrage
Emergency Management
Elements
Recovery and Restoration
involve your insurance carrier
determine critical ops and make plans to bring those
on-line first
repair/replace equipment
relocating operations
contracting operations
Community Outreach
Evaluate continuity of management and key
personnel
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Fire
Prevention, Prevention, Prevention
Fire Extinguishers / Training
Assign fire wardens to each area
Predetermine the level of response
Meet with Local FD to:
review their capabilities
review their fire plan for your facility
request their help with evac drills
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
HazMat Incidents
Review both on-site and off-site sources
Highly regulatory environment
OSHA - HazWoper, HazComm, Resp Standard,
Ventilation
EPA - RCRA, CERCLA, SARA, HMTA, TSCA
Consider:
labelling, MSDS’s (HazComm)
Predetermine the level of response
Meet with the Local FD
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Floods
Determine if you are in a flood plain
Know NOW where the higher ground is
Establish a weather radio watch
Consider
permanent flood proofing measures
contingent flood proofing
emergency flood proofing
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Hurricanes
The Season is June-November
This far inland storm surge and direct
wind damage is unlikely, but
Hurricanes can spawn Tornadoes
Emergency planning involves flood and
tornado preparations
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Tornadoes
Winds can reach 300 mph
Damage up to 1 mile wide 50 miles long
Establish a weather radio watch
Designate shelter areas in the plant
area of 6sqft per person
structurally sound (engineer)
away from exterior wall, windows, doors
conduct drills
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Severe Winter Storms
A little snow can cause a lot of problems
Plan for shutdowns and early releases
Plan for employees stranded at the facility
Back-Up power
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Earthquakes
Geologically minor risk for Augusta
Ensure new construction considers seismic
rating
prevent resultant damage
secure shelves and equipment to floor/wall
secure utility and process piping
move large heavy objects to lower shelves
install safety glass where appropriate
if indoors, stay…if outdoors, get away
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Technological Emergency
Loss of utility service, power, information
system, or critical business equipment
Avoid or mitigate the loss
redundancy
plan for rapid restoration
establish preventive maintenance system
review building systems with key safety and
maintenance personnel
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Others
Riot, War, Sabotage, Terrorism
Workplace Violence
Bomb Threats
Emergency Medical Situations
Lightening
Wildfire
Dam Failure
Radiological
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Threat Rankings
Rank Local
1
2
3
4
5
Highway
HazMat
Power
Failure
Winter
Storm
Flood
Avg
Deaths
Fire
Worst
Presidential
Case
Deaths
Hurricane Flood
Thunder Flood
Storms
Flood
Wildfire
Tornado Earth
Quake
Tornado Winter Tornado
Storm
Economic
Hurricane
Tornado
Wildfire
Hurricane
Earth
quake
Winter
Storm
Civil
Disorder
Winter
Storm
Wildfire
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
LEPC Threat Rankings
 HighwayHazMat
 Power Failure
 Winter Storm
 Flood
 Tornado
 Draught
 Transportation Radioloogical
 Facility HazMat
 Urban Fire
 Rail HazMat
TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
Ten Most Costly
 1992Hurricane Andrew (10.8 Billion)
 1989 Hurricane Hugo (4.2 Billion)
 1992 Hurricane Iniki (1.6 Billion)
 1991Oakland Wildfires (1.2 Billion)
 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake (960 Million)
 1983 Winter Storms (880 Million)
 1992 Los Angeles Riots (775 Million)
 1979 Hurricane Frederic (753 Million
 1983 Hurricane Alicia (676 Million)
 1990 Denver Storms (625 Million)
GENERAL HAZMAT
RESPONSE
SIZE UP
The process of gathering and analyzing
information
STRATEGY
The general plan or course of action for
preventing or reducing effects of an incident
TACTICS
The methods and tasks used to accomplish
the selected strategy
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Size Up
Obtain and Evaluate as much information
as time permits
the identity of the material
the hazards associated with each material
effects on public, property and environment
air, land, surface water, groundwater
determine options for control or mitigation
determine and initiate safety measures.
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Size Up
Brief description of incident
location, date, time, identity, habitation
Terrain and Site Conditions
accessibility, dispersion paths, sensitive areas
Present status and current participation
Status of communications
Current / impending weather conditions
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Size Up
Offsite Reconnaissance
general layout of the site
note # of containers, building, impoundment
look for placards, labels, markings
look for vapors, clouds, run-off, dead animals
not an unusual odors
off site samples
interview people in the area
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Size Up
On Site Survey
confirm earlier observations
#’s, types, quantities, locations, dispersion paths
labels, markings, tags
determine condition of material and container
assess behavior
foaming, vaporizing, corroding
consider air monitoring
approach from upwind
assume plume dispersion and set boundaries
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Size Up
Determine Hazardous Nature of Material
Toxicity, Corrosivity, Radioactivity
Biological Hazards, Asphyxiating Hazards
Flammable Hazards, Explosion hazards
reactive or unstable materials, oxidizers
Type, Condition, Behavior of Containers
under stress from heat or fire
under stress from mechanical damage
under stress from chemical reactions
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Strategy
Based on priorities established by size up
rescue, life saving, responder safety
prevention/mitigation of explosion/fire
protection of property
protection of environment
potential for container failure (additional
loss)
availability of resources and time
weather conditions
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Tactics
Life Savings Operations
Rescue
endangered persons
Evacuation
affected persons
needs to be an early decision, expect delays
Taking Shelter
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Tactics
Actions/Tasks employed to prevent or
reduce the hazards of the chemcials
extinguishing fires, wetting areas
controlled burning/detonation
cooling containers, removing materials
plugging, patching original containers
dikes, berms, dams to confine materials to
smallest possible area
chemical/physical methods
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Tactics
Prevent container Failure
Cool containers
use stress barriers
remove uninvolved materials
Contain Confine the Hazard
stop the leak
construct a barrier
remove ignition sources
controlled burning
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Tactics
Extinguish Fires
Use Proper Extinguishing Agent
Remove Fuel/Oxygen Supply
Let substance burn
Exposure Protection
PPE, CPC, Heat Stress, Decon
Tactical Withdrawal
Explosion Barriers
GENERAL HM RESPONSE
Summary
Size up the conditions present
Define the problems
Establish priorities
Evaluate possible courses of action
Determine if SOPs are applicable
Determine the best course of action
Put the strategy in operation
Review results and Revise