Transcript IIPR, N P Singh
Strategies and Interventions to Boost up Chickpea Production and Productivity in major states during Rabi 2013-14
N P SINGH Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur
AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CHICKPEA Year 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 2000-2001 2005-2006 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-13 Area (Million ha) 10.33
7.84
6.58
5.19
6.93
8.75
8.87
9.47
Production (Million tones) 5.62
5.20
4.43
3.86
5.60
8.25
7.58
8.88
Productivity (kg/ha) 544 663 657 744 808 943
912
985
Global scenario of chickpea (based on mean of the last five years 2004-2008)
India Turkey Pakistan Iran Mexico Canada Global
Area (M ha) Production (M T) Yield (Kg/ha)
7.42
0.53
1.05
0.68
0.09
0.09
10.97
6.04
0.56
0.65
0.30
0.14
0.12
8.80
814 1046 621 442 1536 1340 802
Share of different states in Chickpea Area
Others 6% UP 10% AP 7% Bihar 1% Gujarat 3% Kar 7% Raj 15% MP 36% Mah 15%
Share of different states in Chickpea Production
Others 6% UP 10% AP 10% Bihar 1% Gujarat 3% Kar 5% Raj 12% MP 40% Mah 13%
Major Chickpea growing Districts
• • • •
Contained Improved Varieties of Chickpea for Late Sown Condition
Chickpea area in North India reduced drastically as it could not compete with wheat after the harvest of rice Varieties like Rajas, Pusa 547, RSG 963, Pusa 372, Udai, Pant G 186 developed Major impediment: Shortage of quality seeds of improved varieties and remunerative MSP Yield gain: 17-20%
(Kg/ha)
1333 1350 1300 1250 1200 1150 1100 1050 1000 1139 Local varieties Improved varieties
Expansion Short duration Varieties of Chickpea for Central and South India
• • • •
Short duration (90-110 days) and wilt resistant varieties of chickpea have made an impact in terms of increase in area and productivity in central and south India.
ICCV 10, JG 74, SAKI 9516, JAKI 9218, JG 11 in desi and ICCV 2, KAK 2, JGK 1, Virat in kabuli developed for the region Yield gain: 19-27% Quality seeds and life saving irrigation was key for realizing the potential
(K g/
ha
)
1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1236 1353 South India 1143 1456 Central India
• •
Stabilization Chickpea Varieties Resistance against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
Chickpea suffers heavy losses (25-30%) due to various stresses High yielding disease resistant varieties developed
Wilt resistant Ascochyta tolerant Salinity tolerant Drought tolerant KWR 108, JG 315, SAKI 9516, GNG 663, DCP 92-3, JG 322 PBG 5, GNG 469, HC 5 CSG 8962 RSG 888, Vijay
• Yield gain: 25-30%
Success Story-Kabuli Chickpea
Development of large-seeded Kabuli chickpea varieties IPCK 02 25-28 g 100 seed -1 Before 2000 34-40 g 100 seed -1 After 2000 MNK 1 >50 g 100 seed -1 Target of the project PKV Kabuli - 4 Phule G 0517:
Development of large-seeded Kabuli chickpea varieties 25-28 g 100 seed -1 Before 2000 34-40 g 100 seed -1 After 2000 >50 g 100 seed -1 Target of the project
14000 12000 10000 9735,51 8881,98 DAC Indent (q) Seed Production (q) 9380,7 8849,67 11717,9 9888,89 11141,21 9367,94 10452,06 9367,94 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
S TAT U S O F B R E E D E R S E E D D U R I N G L A S T F I V E Y E A R S ( 2 0 0 8 - 0 9 t o 2 0 1 2 - 1 3 )
Issues Related to Quality Seed Production of Chickpea
• Varietal mismatch • Unrealistic indent for breeder seed • Indent for old varieties • Non lifting of breeder seed in large quantity by indenting agencies and states • Storage problem of surplus/ non-lifted seeds • Poor Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) • Low Seed Multiplication ratio (SMR) • Poor Varietal Replacement Rates(VRR) • Lack of mechanization of harvesting and threshing
Reasons for Poor Seed Replacement
•
Non-conversion of breeder seed to certified seeds
•
Lesser participation of private seed companies
•
High volume crops
•
More storage losses
Seed Replacement Ratio of Major Pulse Crops of M.P.
30 20 10 0 70 60 50 40 2007-08 2008-09 TUR URD 2009-10
Year
MOONG 2010-11 GRAM LENTL 2011-12
PHASING OUT OF OLD PULSE VARIETIES WITH NEW SUBSTITUTE VARIETIES IN SEED CHAIN Crop
Chickpea
Varieties to be phase out Varieties to be replaced partially Varieties to be included or increased
BG 256, C 235, Radhey, Dohad Yellow KWR 108, Avrodhi, JG 315, Pant G 114, Annegiri 1 Phule G 0517, PKV Kabuli 4, MNK 1, IPCK 02, IPCK 2002-29, IPCK 2004-29, GNG 1581, JG-11, SAKI 9516, GCP 105,JSC 55, JSC 56
Crop Gram Varietal Mapping for Major Rabi Pulse Crops Variety recommended Area covered (Ha) % of total area
1 2 3 4 5 JG-315 JG-130 JG-322 VIJAY JAKI-92-18
Total Gram
96362.50
46592.50
45678.75
21655.00
20.966.25
2649000.00
3.64
1.76
1.72
0.82
0.79
Efficient Cropping Systems
Sequential cropping
: Maize-chickpea; Sorghum – chickpea; Pearl milet- chickpea; Rice – chickpea; Sunflower-chickpea; Soybean-chickpea Chickpea + mustard Chickpea + Coriander
Crop Management Technologies of Chickpea
Raised bed planting economizes water and improves yield by 20% Seed priming (overnight increases yield by 10-20% soaking with water)
Integrated nutrient management
2% foliar spray of urea at flowering and podding stages increases yield by 15% Basal application of sulphur @ 20 kg and zinc @15 kg/ha along with NPK improves yield by 20% Seed inoculation with higher yield by 10%
Rhizobium
and PSB ensures
1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 SZ NWPZ Control Rhizobium CZ PSB NEPZ 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1425 1634 NWPZ 1498 1710 1485 1678 NEPZ CZ Farmers' practices S application 667 858 SZ 1500 1450 1400 1350 1300 1250 1200 1150 1281 1460 Farmers' practice 1971-75 Zinc application
Raised bed
Raised bed method of planting improved chickpea production over flat bed
Useful in heavy textured soil Better plant stand Saving in irrigation water Safe disposal of excess water 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Ludhiana Badnapur Rahuri Gulberga Bangalore Raised bed Flat bed
Effect of tillage practices on crop establishment and productivity of chickpea in rice fallow.
Foliar spray of 2% urea
Effect of 2% foliar spray of urea on productivity of chickpea in different states (2006-08)
2000 2% Urea Water spray 1600 1200 800 400 0
Rajasthan UP MP Karnataka
Seed Priming
Under rainfed condition seed priming (soaking of seed in water for 4-5 hours prior to sowing) proved beneficial
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Badnapur Rahuri Kota Bangalore Gulberga Seed priming Control
Application of 1.0 kg/ha Ammonium Molybdate significantly increases the effect of microbial inoculants, N & P uptake and grain yield of chickpea
Nitrogen use efficeincy
Enhancing Nitrogen use efficiency through biofertilizers (Rhizobium + PGPR + PSB + along with 20 Kg N/ha as starter dose and 2% urea spray
1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 250 200 150 100 50 0 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
PGPR
Food Legumes fix 30-150 kg N/ha
Rhizobium
Requirement (t) 36000
PSB
27600 Availability (t) 1491
(India)
1917
N2
Weed Management in Pulses
Application of Pendemethalin @ 1.5 kg/ha followed by hand weeding ensures higher yield by 40% *Imazethapyr@15g/ha POE At 20 DAG shown promise
1200 Yield (Kg/ha) 800 400
342 different FLDs on pulses conducted across the country displayed yield advantage of 20-32% due to weed management
0 Local practices Improved practices
Chickpea Diseases
Collar Rot Vascular wilt Dry root rot Ascochyta Blight BGM Stunt
Effect of seed treatment on root diseases of chickpea
5,0 Percent mortality 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0 0,0 35,0 Control 707,68 30,9 Carbendazim+ Thiram(1:1) (2 g / kg seed) 16,2 1114,52 Carboxin ( 2 g / kg seed) Pusa 5SD (T.harzianum) + Vitavax power (4 g +1g / kg seed) Carboxin + Thiram (Vitavax power) ( 2g/kg seed) 14,0 16,2 18,6 971,96 1218,24 Grain Yield Kg/ha Per cent incidence 1080,22 Pusa 5SD (T. harzianum) ( 4 g/kg seed) 19,9 934,26 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Yield kg/ha
Integrated Pest Management of Helicoverpa in Chickpea
Timely planting and deep ploughing Intercropping with mustard, linseed, safflower, coriander Perch and trap crops Pheromone trap Use of botanicals : NSKE Use of bio-agents: NPV Need based use of chemicals Mass production of bio-pesticides is required for its popularization Yield gain: 25-30%
2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1099 1307 NWPZ 1531 1869 1252 1546 NEPZ Farmers' practices CZ IPM 1062 1386 SZ
Evaluation of new molecules for the management of pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea - CZ 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
Junagadh Sehore Jabalpur Rahuri Akola
0 60 Flubendiamide 480 SC 18 11 60 500 Rynaxypyr 20 SC Emamectin benzoate 5 SG Lufenuron (Treatments) Profenophos 60 Indoxacarb Untreated Control
•
New molecules recorded higher on par yields compare to check
Raipur
Identification of sources of resistance/ tolerance against root knot nematode and nematode management in Chickpea Nematode management using neem seed powder Treatment Biom ass (q/ha) Gall Index Per 100 cc soil 2 nd juveniles
Mj
Cysts 2 nd juveniles
Hc
NSP 50 kg/ha NSP 25kg/ha + FYM 1 T /ha Check CD (P<0.05) 1311 1803 1015 149 53 23 84 14 53 23 84 14 14 8 25 5 135 57 241 35
M. incognita NDG 5-21, BGD 134, BGD 135, CSJ 480 Reniformis nematode BGD 134, NDG 5-21, CSJ 125, CSJ 140 35
Scope:
Potential Areas for Rice Fallow Legumes Area: 11.65 mha Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh Jharkhand Orissa West-Bengal Total 2.94 mha 1.75 mha 1.75 mha 1.22 mha 1.72 mha 9.38 mha
Rice fallow
•
Crop production:
Development of Agro-technology for crop establishment and productivity of chickpea in rice fallows
Crop Improvement:
rice fallows Evaluation of chickpea varieties for • JG-11, Rajas, BGM 547, JG 16, JAKI 9218, JG 14, BG 372, KPG 59, Pant G 186, Vaibhav, Anuradha, RAU 52, GCP 105
Available technology to address climate change
Chickpea stresses varieties for
Warmer climate : JG 14 tolerance to abiotic
Salinity : CSG 8962
Drought : RSG 888, Vijay, Phule G5, BGD 72, K 850
Superior lines for drought tolerance identified : ICC 4958, RSG 143-1
Superior line for drought and heat tolerance combined: ICC 4958
Priority – state :
Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat
Potential District (State wise) S.No. State
1.
Andhra Pradesh 2.
Karnataka 3.
Madhya Pradesh
Districts
Adilabad, Anantpur, Kurnool, Kadapa, Prakasam, Nizamabad, Mahaboobnagar, Dharwad, Gulburga, Belgaum, Gadag, Bidar, Raichur, Koppal, Bellary, Mysore, Chitradurga Chhatarpur, Damoh, Dewas, Guna, Rewa, Raisen, Satna, Sagar, Tikamgarh, Ujjain, Jabalpur, Narsinghpur, Shivpuri, Panna, Rajgarh, Shajapur, Seoni, Chhindwara, Jhabua, Indore, Sehore
4.
5.
6.
7.
Maharashtra Rajasthan Ahmednagar, Amravati, Aurangabad, Osmanabad, Jalgaon, Parbhani, Nasik, Nagpur, Washim, Buldana, Hingoli, Wardha, Yawatmal, Pune, Akola Ajmer, Bikaner, Chhittorgarh, Churu, Dausa, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jaipur, Jhunjhunun, Kota, Nagaur, Sikar, Tonk, Banswara Uttar Pradesh Gujarat Jhansi, Jalaun, Hamirpur, Banda, Chitrakut, Lalitpur, Mahoba, Kanpur Dehat, Sonbhadra Dahod, Jamnagar, Bharuch, Narmada, Sabarkantha, Vadodara, Junagadh, Surendranagar
Scope of horizontal expansion of the crops – state wise :
Addition area to be brought under chickpea cultivation.
Crop Cropping system/Situation
Chickpea Diversification of rice-wheat cropping system by substitution of Chickpea Expansion in non-traditional areas/rice fallows to ensure double cropping systems Replacing less remunerative wheat crop with chickpea Expansion of chickpea area in specific nitches Popularization of soybean-chickpea cropping system
Additional area (lakh/ha)
2.75
4.00
0.75
0.75
0.50
Intercropping of chickpea with sorghum, safflower, coriander, mustard and sugarcane 1.25
States/Regions
Punjab, Haryana, U.P. Eastern U.P., Bihar, Jharkhand, M.P., Chhattisgarh, A.P., Karnataka, West Bengal Bihar, West Bengal, M.P.
Bhal
areas of Gujarat,
Tal & chaur
areas of Bihar Malwa region of M.P., Southern Rajasthan, Karnataka Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, A.P., Rajasthan, U.P., Bihar, Haryana
Approach for vertical expansion :
Increasing productivity of chickpea by providing inputs in The districts where productivity is less.
• Providing high quality seed of new high yielding varieties.
• Balance use of nutrients including micronutrients like zinc, molybdate, sulphur, iron, biofertilizers etc.
• Minimizing the losses caused by insect pests through IPM.
• Decreasing cost of cultivation by mechanization
Technological interventions – crop wise – state wise Technology : State
District Varieties Date of sowing Spacing Seed treatments Weeding Irrigation Fertilizer application Plant Protection
Andhra Pradesh
Adilabad, Anantpur, Kurnool, Mahaboobnagar, Kadapa, Prakasam, Nizamabad, JG-11, Phule G 95311 (K), JAKI 9218, MNK-1 Rainfed : Last of week of Sept. to 1 st week of Oct. Irrigated : 2 nd fort night of Oct. to 1 st week of Nov. 30 x 10 cm (line sowing) Seed priming (soaking of seed for 4-5 hours in water) Seed treatment with Trichoderma (6g/kg) and Vitavax (Carboxin) (1g/kg) Seed treatment with Rhizobium culture one packet (200 g)/10 kg seed Pre-emergence spray of Pendimethalin @ 1.0-1.25 ai kg/ha. One hand weeding, if required One irrigation at pod initiation stage / Sprinkler irrigation 15-20 kg N, 40 kg P 2 O 5 , 20 kg S, Spray of 2% urea at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter Pest monitoring : Installation of Pheromone traps 5-6 traps/ha (6 male moth catches/night). Trap crop of marigold Installation of bird perches – 30 – 40/ha (Remove bird perches at the time of maturity) Spray of NSKE 5%/NPV 250 LE, Indoxocarb 500 ml/ha
State
District Varieties Date of sowing Spacing Seed treatments Weeding Irrigation Fertilizer application Plant Protection
Karnataka Dharwad, Gulburga, Belgaum, Gadag, Bidar, Raichur, Koppal, Bellary, Mysore, Chitradurga JG-11, ICCV 37, Phule G 95311 (K), MNK-1, Phule G 0517 Rainfed : Last of week of Sept. to 1 st week of Oct. Irrigated : 2 nd fort night of Oct. 30 x 10 cm (line sowing)
Seed priming (soaking of seed for 4-5 hours in water)
Seed treatment with Trichoderma (6g/kg) and Vitavax (Carboxin)
(1g/kg) Seed treatment with Rhizobium culture one packet (200 g)/10 kg seed Pre-emergence spray of Pendimethalin @ 1.0-1.25 ai kg/ha. One hand weeding if required One irrigation at pod initiation stage / Sprinkler irrigation 15-20 kg N, 40 kg P 2 O 5 , 20 kg S, Spray of 2% urea at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter
Pest monitoring :
Installation of Pheromone traps 5-6 traps/ha (6 male moth catches/night). Trap crop of marigold Installation of bird perches – 30 – 40/ha (Remove bird perches at the time of maturity)
Spray of NSKE 5%/NPV 250 LE, Indoxocarb 500 ml/ha
State
District
Madhya Pradesh
Chhatarpur, Damoh, Dewas, Guna, Rewa, Raisen, Satna, Sagar, Tikamgarh, Ujjain, Varieties Date of sowing Spacing Seed treatments Jabalpur, Narsinghpur, Shivpuri, Panna, Rajgarh, Shajapur, Seoni, Chhindwara, Jhabua, Sehore JG-16, Vijay, JG 130, JG 315, JG 322, JGK-1 (K), JAKI 9218, PKV-4 (K), JG 63, JG 14, Raj Vijay Gram 202, Raj Vijay Gram 203, Raj Vijay Kabuli 101, Raj Vijay Gram 201, Phule G 0517 Rainfed : 1 st fortnight of Oct.
Irrigated : Last week of Oct. to 1 st week of Nov. 30 x 10 cm line spacing Seed priming (soaking of seed for 4-5 hours in water) Seed treatment with Trichoderma (6g/kg) and Vitavax (Carboxin)(1g/kg) Seed treatment with Rhizobium culture one packet (200 g)/10 kg seed Seed treatment with Ammonium Molybdate @ 1g/kg of seed in the areas Weeding of chickpea-soyabean cropping system Pre-emergence spray of Pendimethalin @ 1.0-1.25 ai kg/ha. One hand weeding if Irrigation required Two irrigations first at branching and 2 nd at pod initiation stage Fertilizer application 15-20 kg N, 40 kg P 2 O 5 , 20 kg S, 25 kg/ha ZnSO 4 , Spray of 2% urea at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter Plant Protection Pest monitoring : Installation of Pheromone traps 5-6 traps/ha (6 male moth catches/night). Trap crop of marigold Installation of bird perches-30-40/ha (Remove bird perches at the maturity Spray of NSKE 5%/NPV 250 LE, Indoxocarb 500 ml/ha
State
District Varieties Date of sowing Spacing Seed treatments Weeding
Maharashtra
Ahmednagar, Amravati, Aurangabad, Osmanabad, Jalgaon, Parbhani, Nasik, Nagpur, Washim, Buldana, Hingoli, Wardha, Yawatmal, Akola JG-16, Phule G 12, Vijay, Vikas, Vishal, Vishwas, Digvijay, JAKI 9218, KAK 2 (K), Virat (K), PKV-4 (K), Phule G 0517, Raj Vijay Gram 203, Raj Vijay Gram 202 Rainfed : 1 st fortnight of Oct.
Irrigated : Last week of Oct. to 1 st week of Nov.
30 x 10 cm (line sowing) Seed priming (soaking of seed for 4-5 hours in water) Seed treatment with Trichoderma (6g/kg) and Vitavax (Carboxin) (1g/kg) Seed treatment with Rhizobium culture one packet (200 g)/10 kg seed Seed treatment with Ammonium Molybdate @ 1g/kg of seed in the areas of chickpea soyabean cropping system Pre-emergence spray of Pendimethalin @ 1.0-1.25 ai kg/ha. One hand weeding if required Irrigation Fertilizer application Plant Protection Two irrigations first at branching and 2 nd at pod initiation stage 15-20 kg N, 40 kg P 2 O 5 , 20 kg S, 25 kg/ha ZnSO 4 , Spray of 2% urea at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter Pest monitoring : Installation of Pheromone traps 5-6 traps/ha (6 male moth catches/night). Trap crop of marigold Installation of bird perches – 30 – 40/ha (Remove bird perches at the time of maturity) Spray of NSKE 5%/NPV 250 LE/ Endosulphan 0.07%/ Monocrotophos 0.04% Indoxocarb
State
District Varieties Date of sowing Spacing Seed treatments Weeding
Rajasthan
Ajmer, Bikaner, Chittorgarh, Churu, Dausa, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jaipur, Jhunjhunun, Kota, Nagaur, Sikar, Tonk GNG 663, GNG 469, GNG 1581, RSG 888, RSG 963, GNG 1292 (K), Pratap Chana-1, Akash, GNG 1488, GNG 1499, RSG 973, GNG 1958, GNG 1969 Rainfed : 1 st fortnight of Oct.
Irrigated : Last week of Oct.
30 x 10 cm (line sowing) Seed priming (soaking of seed for 4-5 hours in water) Seed treatment with Trichoderma (6g/kg) and Vitavax (Carboxin) (1g/kg) Seed treatment with Rhizobium culture one packet (200 g)/10 kg seed Seed treatment with Ammonium Molybdate @ 1g/kg of seed in the areas of chickpea soyabean cropping system Pre-emergence spray of Pendimethalin @ 1.0-1.25 ai kg/ha. One hand weeding if required Two irrigations first at branching and 2 nd at pod initiation stage (sprinkler irrigation) Irrigation Fertilizer application 15-20 kg N, 40 kg P 2 O 5 , 20 kg S, 25 kg ZnSO 4 /ha , Spray of 2% urea at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter Plant Protection Pest monitoring : Installation of Pheromone traps 5-6 traps/ha (6 male moth catches/night). Trap crop of marigold Installation of bird perches – 30 – 40/ha (Remove bird perches at the time of maturity) Spray of NSKE 5%/NPV 250 LE, Indoxocarb 500 ml/ha
State
District Varieties Date of sowing Spacing Seed treatments Weeding Irrigation Fertilizer application Plant Protection
Uttar Pradesh
Jhansi, Jalaun, Hamirpur, Banda, Chitrakut, Lalitpur, Mahoba, Kanpur Dehat, Sonbhadra Gujarat Gram-4, KWR 108, KPG 59, HK 2 (K), Pusa Kabuli 1103 (K), Pusa 372, IPCK 2002-29 Rainfed : 1 st fortnight of Oct.
Irrigated : Last week of Oct. to 1 st week of Nov.
30 x 10 cm (line sowing) Seed priming (soaking of seed for 4-5 hours in water) Seed treatment with Trichoderma (6g/kg) and Vitavax (Carboxin)(1g/kg) Seed treatment with Rhizobium culture one packet (200 g)/10 kg seed Pre-emergence spray of Pendimethalin @ 1.0-1.25 ai kg/ha. One hand weeding if required Two irrigations first at branching and 2 nd at pod initiation stage 15-20 kg N, 40 kg P 2 O 5 , 20 kg S, 25 kg ZnSO 4 /ha, Spray of 2% urea at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter Pest monitoring : Installation of Pheromone traps 5-6 traps/ha (6 male moth catches/night). Trap crop of marigold Installation of bird perches – 30 – 40/ha (Remove bird perches at the time of maturity) Spray of NSKE 5%/NPV 250 LE, Indoxocarb 500 ml/ha
State
District Varieties Date of sowing Spacing Seed treatments Weeding Irrigation Fertilizer application Plant Protection
Gujarat
Dahod, Jamnagar, Bharuch, Narmada, Sabarkantha, Vadodara, Junagadh, Surendranagar Gujarat Gram-1, GG-2, JG-16, KAK 2 (K), GJG 3, Raj Vijay Gram 202, Raj Vijay Gram 203 Rainfed : 1 st fortnight of Oct.
Irrigated : Last week of Oct. to 1 st week of Nov.
30 x 10 cm (line sowing) Seed priming (soaking of seed for 4-5 hours in water) Seed treatment with Trichoderma (6g/kg) and Vitavex (Carboxin)(1g/kg) Seed treatment with Rhizobium culture one packet (200 g)/10 kg seed Pre-emergence spray of Pendimethalin @ 1.0-1.25 ai kg/ha. One hand weeding if required Two irrigations first at branching and 2 nd at pod initiation stage 15-20 kg N, 40 kg P 2 O 5 , 20 kg S, 25 kg ZnSO 4 /ha, Spray of 2% urea at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter Pest monitoring : Installation of Pheromone traps 5-6 traps/ha (6 male moth catches/night). Trap crop of marigold Installation of bird perches – 30 – 40/ha (Remove bird perches at the time of maturity) Spray of NSKE 5%/NPV 250 LE, Indoxocarb 500 ml/ha
Strategies for Rabi 2013-14
District wise chickpea target allocation
Arrangement for chickpea seed (discussion with seed corporation, beej mahasangh, NSC & SFCI)
Arrangement for Fertilizer availability
Arrangement for Micronutrient, Chemicals, Culture and other Inputs.
P.P
Resource Conservation technologies/tools (Seeddrills, Knap sack sprayers etc)
53
Strategy for Increasing Chickpea Production During Rabi 2013-14
Critical Technologies to be adopted in Rabi 2013-14
Modernization and availability of the improved machinery to the farmers at subsidized cost to over come labour problems.
Subsidy provision in inputs after successful crop production Special programme for Kabuli production and procurement for export purpose .
Promotion of off season (semi rabi and spring season)green pod production and marketing in Chickpea.
Ensuring attractive price to producers
Announcement of reasonable MSP well in advance
Creation of procurement centres in production zone
Popularization of mini dal mills among farmers at village level
Development of organised market for pulses
Linking farmers with markets
Promotion of export of pulses like lentil and kabuli chickpea
Production of value added products
Efficient transfer of technology
Massive FLDs linked with seed production
Farmers training and exposure visit
Popularization of improved technology through mass media
Close interaction of research organizations, state departments of agriculture and private agencies
Future thrust (Research)
Improved varieties with high input use efficiency and multiple resistance
Varieties with high nutritional values
Germplasm enhancement through pre-breeding
Transgenic for resistance against Helicoverpa pod borer in chickpea
Genomics enabled improvement
Value addition and post harvest management