Transcript Introduction to Chemistry.ppt

1-2: Introduction to Chemistry
• Define chemistry and matter.
• Compare and contrast mass and weight.
• Identify the common steps of scientific
methods.
• Compare and contrast types of variables.
Chemistry & Matter
• Matter is everything in the universe.
• It fills space and makes up the things that
we use everyday.
• A candle is made of matter.
• The wax (matter) and oxygen (matter) burn
to produce carbon dioxide (matter) and
water (matter).
• Matter is anything that takes up space.
• Mass is the measurement of how much
matter is present.
Mass vs. Weight
• Mass and weight are not the same thing.
• Many use them interchangeably, but
science does not.
• Weight is the measure of gravitational
forces acting on mass.
Scientific Method
1. Observation
•
Collect data that leads to a question.
2. Hypothesis
•
Prediction about the outcome of an experiment that
supplies a probable answers to the question.
3. Experiments
•
A set of controlled activities or procedures.
4. Data analysis
•
An evaluation of collected information.
5. Conclusion
•
Did the hypothesis answer the question.
6. Retest or revaluate
Observations
 Use as many senses as is sensible!
 Avoid vague terms. A ‘bad’ estimation
is
better than a general term.
 Do not identify … describe.
 Do not “liken”… describe.
Note the excessive use of DESCRIBE
Observations
1. The dessert is
delicious.
2. The dessert is
colorful.
3. The dessert is like a
torte.
4. The dessert is tiny.
5. The dessert is
chocolate moose
cake.
1. The dessert is thick and
creamy.
2. The dessert is several
shades of light brown.
3. The dessert is round and
flat.
4. The dessert is an 8 inch
diameter.
5. The dessert is made of
chocolate cream and
fudge.
Unit 1-1 Summary
• What is chemistry?
– The study of matter and any changes in matter.
• What is matter?
– Anything that has mass and takes up space.
• What is weight?
– It is the measure of the effect gravity has on
mass.
• What are the five steps to the scientific
method?
– Observation, hypothesis, experiment, data
analysis, and conclusion.