Transcript Carboxylic acid [1].ppt

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Aromatic
Aliphatic
Formic acid
HCOOH
Acetic acid
CH3COOH
Benzoic acid
Salicylic acid
Tartaric acid
Citric acid
Phthalic acid
Physical properties:
State
Color
Odor
F.a.
Liquid, mobily, true
Colourless
Pungent odor
A.a.
Liquid, mobily, true
Colourless
Vinegar odor
T.a.
C.a.
B.a.
Ph.a.
S.a.
Yellowish white
Solid, crystalline or powder
Characteristic odor
Ignition test:
Inflammability
Change in
appearance
Change in
color flame
F.a.
A.a.
Volatilization
Inflammable, non luminous,
non smoky
Swelling up & blackening
T.a.
C.a.
Inflammable, non luminous,
non smoky
Melting & blackening or
charring
Inflammable, luminous, smoky
Melting
B.a.
Ph.a.
S.a.
No change
Ignition test:
Change in odor
Residue
No change
No residue
F.a.
A.a.
T.a.
C.a.
Black residue
Burnt-sugar odor
Yellow stain
B.a.
Ph.a.
S.a.
Suffocating odor
No residue
Phenolic odor
Acid– base test:
Acidity test:
Solubility or Miscibility:
In H2O
F.a.
A.a.
T.a.
C.a.
B.a.
Ph.a.
S.a.
Comment:
L. P.
Acidity test
Miscible in
H2O
Soluble in
H2O
In soluble in H2O
& dil. HcL but
soluble in 10%
NaOH
All the compounds are Strong acid
Effervescence
Preliminary test:
Soda lime test
On cold:
On hot:
F.a.
A.a.
T.a.
Not done
No reaction
C.a.
(only for solid)
Burnt – sugar odor
B.a.
Ph.a.
S.a.
No reaction
Benzene odor
No reaction
Phenolic odor
Preliminary test:
30% NaOH
On cold: On hot:
FeCl3
F.a.
No reaction
A.a.
T.a.
C.a.
No reaction
Burnt – sugar odor
B.a.
Ph.a.
S.a.
No reaction
No reaction
Benzene odor
Phenolic odor
No reaction
with all
Preliminary test:
Conc. H2SO4
F.a.
A.a.
T.a.
C.a.
On cold:
On hot:
Effervescence due to
CO2 evolution
Not done
No reaction
Effervescence + heavy
charring
No reaction
Effervescence + yellow
color
B.a.
Ph.a.
S.a.
No reaction
General test:
Neutral FeCl3
F.a.
Blood red color – reddish brown color
A.a.
T.a.
C.a.
B.a.
Lemon yellow color
Buff ppt
Ph.a.
S.a.
No need to use NH4OH with acid JUST
Acid + H2O + N. FeCl3
Violet color