Transcript Amines amines salt..

AMINES & AMINES SALTS
Aniline
Aniline hydrochloride
Aniline sulphate
1ry amine
All aromatic
Physical properties:
State
Liquid, oily, true
Color
Reddish brown
Odor
Fishy odor
Solid, fine powder
White green (( gray)) White creamy color
Characteristic odor
Aniline
Aniline hydrochloride
Aniline sulphate
Ignition test:
Inflammability
Change in
appearance
Change in odor
Inflammable, luminous, smoky
Volatilization
Melting
No change
Color imparted to
the flame
No change
Residue
No residue
All the compounds are aromatic
comment
Solubility & Miscibility:
Aniline
H2O
L.p.
Dil. HCl
Immiscible
Aniline sulphate
soluble
Blue
Red
Miscible in large
amount
Na2CO3
test:
Comment:
Aniline hydrochloride
Strong effervescence
Basic
compound
.: The compounds are Strong acid
Preliminary test:
Aniline
Soda lime
On cold:
Not done
On hot: ( for solid only)
30% NaOH
On cold:
No reaction
Aniline hydrochloride Aniline sulphate
No reaction
Fishy odor
Salt + H2O + 30% NaOH
oily droplet + white ppt + fishy odor
On hot:
FeCl3 1 drop aniline + dil. HCl + 2dps FeCl3
On cold:
No reaction
Green color
On hot:
Conc. H2SO4 Aniline + 2 dps Conc. H2SO4
On cold: White ppt of aniline sulphate
On hot:
Not done
Not done
salt + H2O + 2dps FeCl3
No reaction
Green color
No reaction
General test :
1. Azo dye formation test:
1 drop aniline (red color) + dil.HCl (until dissolve) + NaNO2 (sod. Nitrite solution)
until faint pale yellow color {Diazonium salt formed}
(1)
It is unstable because that we must put it in ice, without ice it will decompose
few phenol + 10% NaOH (until phenol dissolved)
(2)
Add (1) on (2) gradually
Orange – red ppt or color
2. Acetylation test:
5 ml aniline + 20ml acetic anhydride
Reflux 20 min.
Pour in ice
White ppt of anilide.
Specific test = Identification of Cl- / SO4 -2 ((acidic
radical)):
Aniline HCl
AgNO3 test:
Aniline HCl+ Distilled H2O +
Dil. HNO3 + 2 dps AgNO3
((silver nitrate))
White crudy ppt of AgCl
Aniline sulphate
BaCl2 test:
Aniline sulphate + Distilled H2O
+ Dil. HCl + 1 dps BaCl2
White ppt of BaSO4
IR
Location
Aniline
3500 – 3100 cm -1
> 3000 cm -1
Comment
-NH stretching band (function gp)
CH aromatic stretching band