Transcript Nullification crisis and states rights L2.pptx

Unit 4: A Nation Divided
Lesson 2: Tensions over Slavery
and popular sovereignty
Essential Question: How does the
nullification crisis show growing division
between the northern and southern states?
Continuing Standard 8
• Describe the Nullification Crisis and the
emergence of states’ rights ideology; include the
role of John C. Calhoun and development of
sectionalism.
• Remember to take notes, but also complete the
unit chart provided. It should be used as a study
guide.
Tensions over slavery and
states’ rights
• The tension over slavery that strengthened during
the early 1800s became an extension of the long
lasting states’ rights issue
• Rather than state leaders arguing over whether the
institution of slavery was right or wrong, they
began to argue over who had the power (the states
or the National Government) to decide whether or
not to allow slavery in a territory/state
The States’ Rights argument
• The states’ rights dates back to creation of the
Constitution- for as long as the United States
existed the issue of the scope of power of the
National Government was a biggie (and it still is
today)
• Whose right is it to tell states what they can or
can’t do? Can states decide for themselves? Or
should there be unity within the country?
Northern and Southern economies
• The North:
– Fishing, shipbuilding
industry and naval supplies
– Skilled craftsmen,
shopkeepers,
manufacturing (textiles,
tools, metals, building
materials, etc.)
– Benefits from cheaper
American manufactured
goods (more people will
buy American products
• The South:
– Large
farms/plantations, cash
crops
– (tobacco, indigo, rice,
cotton), wood products,
small farms
– Dependent on slavery
The Nullification Crisis
• During the early 1800s, there was a rise of manufacturing
in the North. In order to promote buyers to purchase
American goods, the national government began imposing
tariffs
• Tariff = tax on imports
• Imports = foreign goods
• So, tariffs = more expensive foreign goods, which means
Tariffs = less expensive domestic goods
Tariffs sound good, right?
• Tariffs were good for the north, as manufacturing was
more concentrated there
• But, tariffs weren’t as helpful for the southern
economy, which requires trading raw materials with
foreign countries
• Tariffs = less Americans buying foreign goods, so
• Tariffs = less foreign trade = less foreign countries
buying cotton produced in the south
In 1828
• Congress passed a high tariffs to protect
manufactured goods
• Who are the supporters and opponents of this
tariffs?
Nullification
• South Carolina (led by the current Vice President of
the time, John C. Calhoun) disliked the “oppressive”
new tariff
• They declared to nullify the federal law, meaning
they would not enforce the tariff in South Carolina
• If the National Government forced them to comply,
they threatened succession (separation from the
Union)
Force Bill and Compromise
• The current President, Andrew Jackson,
requested that Congress authorize him to use
military force in order to force SC to comply
with the tariff
• At the same time, a compromise tariff was
passed in Congress that reduced tariffs within 10
years
• So, no nullification, and no secession…
Exit Ticket! – Remember to add
these questions to your warmup questions!
• How does the nullification crisis show growing division
between the northern and southern states?
• How does the nullification crisis relate to the growing
issue of slavery and sectionalism in the United States in
the Early 1800s?
• Standard 9 and 10 vocabulary due today
• Coach Book – Read page 74-76. Answer the question
on page 76 about Lincoln and #1-4 on page 77.