New Horizon College English Book III

Key to Unit Four

Section A

Five Famous Symbols of American Culture

Section B

Engelbreit’s the Name, Cute is My Game

Exercises Section A

1. Vocabulary

《读写教程

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: Ex. III, p. 96

《读写教程

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: Ex. IV, p. 96

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: Ex. V, p. 97

2.Collocation

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: Ex. VI, p.98

3. Word Building

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: Ex. VII, p.98

《读写教程

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: Ex. VIII, p. 99

4. Sentence Structure

《读写教程 《读写教程

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: Ex. IX, p.100

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: Ex. X, p. 101

4. Translation

《读写教程

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: Ex. XI, p. 101

《读写教程

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: Ex. XII, p. 102

5. Cloze

《读写教程

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: Ex. XIII, p. 103

Vocabulary

III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.

universal version evolve solemn inspect recruit assemble approve exaggerate dedicate contract reputation independence destruction 1.This means they have been being

assembled inspected

by a team of professional experts and the standard of their work has been approved.

2.The Statue of Liberty had just arrived from Paris and was so it was not in New York Harbor when they arrived.

3.This reaction to the event is rather

exaggerated

but on the other hand there’s something in it.

4.Police had trouble understanding who was responsible for the accident, because everyone who saw it made different

versions

of what happened.

universal version evolve solemn inspect recruit assemble approve exaggerate dedicate contract reputation independence destruction 5.It’s an almost job, the less we actually exercise the skills we initially used to perform it.

universal

truth that the more we are promoted in a 6.His appointment has not been formally

approved

yet.

7.It’s getting more and more difficult to

recruit

8.He insisted that the idea

evolved

experienced staff.

out of work done by British scientists.

9.They are the ordinary citizens for whom the honor system was designed—people who have

dedicated

their lives to duty.

10.His expression became very

solemn

when we told him what had happened.

Vocabulary

IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions in the following sentences with expressions from the text that kept the original meaning.

1. The project he was in volved in last year fell through as it was costly.

2. The committee did not accept the plan to build a new bridge over the river.

3. Although some members slipped away, the meeting continued without them.

4. There are some houses on the market in the economic development zone. Let’s go and have a look.

5. Have you got an idea of how to deal with test cheating?

1.

worked on 2. approve of 3. went ahead 4. for sale 5. come up with

Vocabulary

6. This second-hand dress can be made into a rather pretty skirt.

7. It is often the case that popular music stars become famous at a young age.

8.

What interests me about the painting is the neck that is stretched a little bit and the face that is sour-looking.

9. The theories discussed below may have developed from different assumptions, but it is still difficult to tell them apart.

10. The road is given the same name as the old man who has paid all the money for building it.

6. refashioned into 7. rise to fame 8. captures my attention 9. evolved from 10. named after

Vocabulary

V. Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.

A) exaggerated E) fashionable I) competitors M) involving B) universally F) trends J) seldom N) represent

Word Bank

C) consistently G) aspects K) intended O) dimensions D) wear H) regarding L) negative For many, beauty and fashion are permanently linked. With regard to fashion, the Barbie doll has been

represent

size. Some have criticized the

consistently dimensions

unattainable ideal of the female shape.

in style. From the first Barbie dolls, Mattel took care to dress them in detailed,

fashionable

clothes. Some observers note that the fashions of the Barbie doll trace fashion

trends

perfectly since 1959. While critics complain that the models do not “average” female bodies, they also complain about the Barbie doll‘s of the Barbie doll as an

1. C 2. E 3. F 4. N 5. O

Vocabulary

A) exaggerated E) fashionable I) competitors M) involving B) universally F) trends J) seldom N) represent

Word Bank

C) consistently G) aspects K) intended O) dimensions D) wear H) regarding L) negative Charlotte Johnson, the Barbie doll's first dress designer, explained that the doll was not portray a(n)

regarding intended

to reflect a female figure realistically, but rather to

exaggerated

shape underneath fashionable clothes. However, the unrealistic dimensions of the doll have brought the strongest criticism the doll's encouragement of an obsession with weight and looks.

Convinced of the

negative

effects of the Barbie doll on children, Cathy Meredig of High Self Esteem Toys developed a more realistically proportioned doll in 1991. Her doll did not sell well, however.

Throughout the years, the Barbie doll has had several

competitors

have been able to compete with the glamour offered by the Barbie doll.

but none

6. K 7. A 8. H 9. L 10. I

Collocation

VI. Study the words that can collocate with “gain” and complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

credit acceptance experience support confidence respect influence fame insight recognition 1. If you were wrong, admit it. You won’t lose dignity, recognition or support, but, on the contrary, you gain ______ from those who were once against you.

2. As military leaders gained _____ over Japan’s government, Japanese ambitions for an Asian empire grew.

3. Students choosing this university will have the opportunity to gain _____ for their prior learning in their middle schools.

4. We provide important opportunities for disabled individuals so that they gain _____ by forming a new and independent social identity.

5. A delegation was formed to visit European capitals to gain ______ and raise funds.

1. respect 2. influence 3. credit 4. confidence 5. support

Collocation

credit acceptance experience support confidence respect influence fame insight recognition 6. I think that there are quite a few areas that are opening to women now, but have they really gained ______? In these areas, people are still reluctant to take them in.

7. Xi’an gained world _____ when the terra-cotta soldiers from the tomb of China’s first emperor Qin Shihuang were found there.

8. Those people involved in the project have also gained a(n) _____ into the importance of establishing communication with disabled people.

9. Since its start in 1995, his company has gained ______ as a manufacturer of high quality domestic appliances.

10. The university encourages students to approach problems with an open and enquiring mind and to organize their own financial, academic and social affairs and in this way it helps students gain ______ which will be useful in later life.

6. acceptance 7. fame 8. insight 9. recognition 10. experience

World Building

VII. Adjectives ended with –ant or –ent can be made into their corresponding nouns mainly by omitting the letter –t and adding –ce. For example:

important importance independent independence

Study the following nouns and complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

brilliant - t + ce competent - t + ce consequent - t + ce ignorant - t + ce indifferent - t + ce intelligent - t + ce magnificent - t + ce significant - t + ce brilliance competence consequence ignorance indifference intelligence magnificence significance

World Building

1. Examinations are not necessarily the best way to measure ___________________. 2. The power station was shown to be dangerous and, as a ___________, was closed down. 3. This discovery was of great __________, but few people realized that.

4. In the “I to you” approach, the workers were in complete _________ of the management’s plans.

1. intelligence 2. consequence 3. significance 4. ignorance

World Building

5. I don’t like the department chairman’s ___________ to the teachers who are not in his favor. 6. He demonstrated great ________ in dealing with the delicate issues.

7. The sun has both _________ and heat. 8. There is calm and joy, too, when the mind can focus on the ____________ and beauty of nature.

5. indifference 6. competence 7. brilliance 8. magnificence

World Building

VIII. The prefix co- means “sharing”, “ together with” or “joint”. New words may be formed by adding co to some words at the beginning. For example:

co- + founder co-founder co- + education coeducation

Study the following words formed with the prefix co- and complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

co co co co co + + + + +

director operate author exist pilot

co-director co-operate co-author co-exist co-pilot

Word Building

1. We must be aware that peace _______ with war. 2. He was the __________ of that film which was half criticized and half praised.

3. The couple spoke about how they would _________ in the raising of their child. 4. The pilot was seriously injured and the ______ took over. 5. He is the _________, with Andrew Blowers, of The International Politics of Nuclear Waste.

1.

coexists 2. co-director 3. cooperate 4. co-pilot 5. co-author

Sentence Structure

IX. Study the following models and then complete each group of sentences into one, using an absolute structure.

Model 1 : Marie was sitting at her desk. Her head was slightly lowered over a pile of chemistry notes.

Marie was sitting at her desk, her head slightly lowered over a pile of chemistry notes.

Model 2: After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons. His form evolved from an earlier cartoon character called Brother Jonathan that was popular during the American Revolution.

After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, his form evolving from an earlier cartoon character called Brother Jonathan that was popular during the American Revolution.

Sentence Structure

From the above two models, we see that generally there are two ways of making a full sentence into an absolute structure. One is omitting the auxiliary verb be as in Model 1. The second way is changing the main verb into its –ing form as in Model 2.

1. Jimmy walked slowly to the corner of the playground. His face was covered with tears. 2. The taxi sped away. Its lights disappeared into the distance. 3. Their stomachs were crying for food.

Their backs were burning from too much sun. Both boys gathered their things and headed for home.

1. Jimmy walked slowly to the corner of the playground, his face covered with tears. 2. The taxi sped away, the lights disappearing into the distance. 3. Their stomachs crying for food, their backs burning from too much sun, both boys gathered their things and headed for

home.

Sentence Structure

4. Barbara just lay there. Her mouth trembled. Her eyes were unfocused. She was unable to say a word. 5. Then the two players let him fall to the track. His chest landed first. His head followed, bounced, and finally lay still.

4. Barbara just lay there, her mouth trembling, her eyes unfocused, unable to say a word. 5. Then the two players let him fall to the track, his chest landing first, his head following, bouncing, and finally lying still .

Sentence Structure

X. Study the model carefully and then rewrite the following sentences after the model, using the structure of “conjunction + prepositional phrase”.

Model: Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American version although the version had an exaggerated breast size.

Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American – although with an exaggerated breast size – version.

1. Although they have a threatening appearance, most snakes aren’t really dangerous if you leave them alone.

1. Most snakes, although with a threatening appearance, aren’t really dangerous if you leave them alone.

Sentence Structure

2. Women have failed to approach the income of men even though they have the same abilities.

3. Though there was a severe lack of coal , the principal was not forced to close the school.

4. She is capable of making complete French meals even though there is no cheese after salad.

5. When you are in doubt about the result of your test, call the test office.

2. Women, even though with the same abilities, have failed to approach the income of men. 3. Though with a severe shortage of coal supply, the governor was not forced to close all the schools.

4. She is capable of making complete French meals even though with no cheese between salad and dessert.

5. When in doubt about the result of your test, call the test office.

Translation

XI. Translate the following sentences into English.

consider exciting 1.

从各方面考虑，这座城市都是世界上最令人激动的城市。

1. Everything considered, this city is the world's most exciting city.

Translation

though study abroad 2.

尽管没有得到父母的赞同， 他还是继续他的计划出国学习。 approval go ahead with

2. Though with no approval from his parents, he went ahead with his plan to study abroad.

Translation

name after the cause of people 3.

这座桥是以一位英雄的名字命名的，这位英雄为人民的事业献出了生命。

3. The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of people.

Translation

it is said suffering 4.

据说，画家是以他母亲为模特的。他母亲的面容沧桑却不失坚定。

4. It is said that the painter used his mother as the model in the painting whose face represented suffering yet strength.

Translation

rise to fame 5. 这位作家于 1950 年因出版一本小说而一举成名，小说的灵感来自 于他和一位姑娘在农场的经历。 inspired by

5.The writer instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on a farm.

Translation

be short for 6.

有个故事说， 队提供肉食。 US 是 “ 山姆大叔 ” 的缩写， “ 山姆大叔 ” 原名叫山姆 • 威尔逊， 他曾和一名男子一起工作，这名男子和美国政府签订了一份合同，给军 sign a contract

6. One story says that "US" was short for "Uncle Sam" whose real name was Sam Wilson, who had once worked with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the US Army.

Translation

XI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. The painting shows a serious-looking man and a woman standing alongside him in front of a farmhouse, their models being respectively the painter's dentist and sister.

2. Applications made by corporations, whether on their own behalf or on behalf of other persons, must be signed by an official.

1.

这幅画上一个神色严肃的男子，身旁站着一位女子，身后是所 农舍。他们的原型分别是画家的牙医和姐姐

2.

公司的申请书，不管是代表自己还是代表他人，都应该有官员 的签名。

Translation

3. After starting out in talk shows, John rose to fame with his wife in radio and television programs that enlightened the general public, not just informed them.

4. Although some people did not approve of it, the city leaders decided to go ahead with the plan to build two five star hotels by the lake to attract more visitors.

3.

做了脱口秀之后，约翰和妻子在广播和电视节目上出了名，这些节目 给普通民众以启迪，而不只是向他们提供信息。

4.

尽管有些人不赞同，可市领导还是决定实施这个计划，在湖边建造 两个五星级宾馆，以吸引更多的游客。

Translation

5. The famous painter died, and his wife, who used to be a model posing for his drawings, immediately came in as the general manager of his decoration company.

6. At the party, all of them were richly dressed, but it was their way of talking that captured my attention so much that I felt inclined to talk with them.

5.

那位著名画家去世了，曾经给他当模特的妻子立即担任了他装潢公 司的总经理职务。

6.

宴会上，他们的衣着都很华丽，但吸引我注意力的却是他们的交谈 方式，使得我很想和他们交谈。

Cloze

XII. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase to fill in each blank.

1) A. affordable 2) A. respect 3) A. generally 4) A. applications 5) A. As in a whole 6) A. ability 7) A. feasible B. considerable B. impression B. eventually B. expectations B. As a result B. liability B. plausible C. advisable C. impact D. remarkable D. glory C. formally D. necessarily C. responsibilities D. strategies C. As in a rule C. stability C. permissible D. As well D. mobility D. responsible When Henry Ford announced he was going to produce an automobile that would be to the general population, he probably did not realize what a great and, manufacture the Model T started a new era in personal transportation.

result

, roads were built for the sake of cars and the greater people. With cars and the roads, having a business of one’s own became a lot more

affordable impact eventually, feasible.

his achievement would have on life in the United States the world. Ford’s use of mass production

strategies

to

As a mobility

Every type of business sprung up. Customers could easily get of

1 A 2 C 3 B 4 D 5 B 6 D 7 A

Cloze

8) A. no matter why C. no matter where 9) A. provided 10) A. not any longer 11) A. packed 12) A. investigate 13) A. attraction 14) A. at B. no matter how D. no matter what B. equipped B. no longer B. paced B. search B. distinction B. by C. supplied C. so long as C. parked C. explore C. transaction C. to D. assigned D. as long as D. passed D. inspect D. conviction D. for to the stores so businesses

no matter where no longer

possible roadside they were in town,

provided

had to be located at a town’s center.

And what about the family vacation drove across the country to

attraction

？

explore

Families

packed

there was a road, into their cars and the new frontier, stopping at every on the way. There was no limit to where you could go and what you could see. The car offered a sense of independence and, as

8 C 9 A 10 B 11 A 12 C 13 A 14 C

15) A. reserved 16) A. instantly 17) A. As a rule 18) A. live with 19) A. define 20) A. coordinating B. controlled B. constantly B. On the whole B. carry on B. decline B. eliminating C. restricted C. reluctantly C. On balance C. count on C. refine C. originating D. bounded D. distantly D. On average D. cope with D. confine D. dominating Americans particularly hated to be automobile people

instantly cope with

.

On average

more cars. As the world gets more complicated, driving cars around helps the demands of modern life.

If you ask people what qualities

restricted

, they fell in love with the , each American household owns two or

define

Americans, they will probably say that the two

dominating

characteristics of an American are inventiveness and independence. America is truly the land of cars and car culture.

15 C 16 A 17 D 18 D 19 A 20 D

Exercises

Section B

III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.

feature comprise distinctive license sample astonish distribution crush elaborate influential decorate humorous commerce annual 1.The pressure cannot

crush

me; it forces me to think.

2.Membership grew at an

astonishing

pace, reaching close to 30,000 in the late 1970s.

3.The “ New Army exhibition that ” was

feature comprised

of volunteers only, who poured into recruiting stations in the thousands.

4.If you want to know more about modern art, pay a visit to an paintings by modern artists.

5.The downstairs restaurant has walls

decorated

with paintings of people dressed in traditional local clothing.

Vocabulary

feature comprise distinctive license sample astonish distribution crush elaborate influential decorate humorous commerce annual 6.Unfortunately,Rose did n ot

elaborate

on the nature of such mixed schooling experiences.

7.Although she was not a professional politician, her views were

influential

in shaping government policy.

8.In the first half of the 1990s,the economy was growing at an

annual

rate of 7%,which seemed small to many people.

9.The film has some darkly

humorous

moments which make viewers not know whether to laugh or cry.

10.She based her analysis on data form a representative

sample

of women and men aged 18 to 25.

Vocabulary

IV. Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable preposition or adverb.

1. Some of his compositions are based on songs dating back ____ the mid-15 th century.

2. Believing that he was fully qualified, he submitted his application instantly, but a week later he was crushed to learn that it had been turned ____.

3. The experiment turned out to be a great success, but we have to keep our feet firmly ____ the ground.

4. In 1914, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Eastern Europe plunged Europe _____ a great war.

5. Quite a number of modern novels are written with an eye ____ the past.

1. to 2. down 3. on 4. into 5. to

Vocabulary

6. Matisse allows himself only a few colors to describe an entire field of flowers, and he does not bother ____ detail.

7. Internet shopping will really take ____ when people become convinced that it is safe.

8. Finding a solution to the economic recession was ____ the core of the conference agenda.

9. We were about to start off when she showed ____, apologizing for being late.

10. It’s a small informal party – you don’t have to dress _____.

6. with 7. off 8. at 9. up 10. up