Transcript 微课件

初中定语从句讲解
MS Zheng No.3Middle School
• 什么是定语从句呢？
答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词
的从句叫定语从句。
结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
The
man ___
who
lives next to us is a
______
________________
定语从句
先行词 关系词
policeman.
关系词
关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词: when, where, why
关系代词：
指物：that which
指人：who (主/宾格) that whom（宾格）
关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系
代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语)
Match the two sentences
1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates.
I’m reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.
_______________________________________
2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.
He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.
_______________________________________
3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.
I
don’t
like
the
man
who
is
smoking.
____________________________________
4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week.
Where is the picture that you bought last week?
_______________________________________
which / that 作主语. (不能省)
This is a dream.
The dream will never come true.
This is a dream which/that will never come true.
（作主语）
The dog has been found.
The dog was lost.
The dog which was lost has been found.
Practise:
1.This is the house which is for sale.
2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.
which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）
This is the card.
I’ve just received the card.
This is the card ( which / that ) I’ve just receiv
（作宾语）
Practise:
1.This is the mistake which /that I always
make.
2. I still keep the letters which she wrote to
me.
3. I lost the pen which my father bought me.
关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从
句:
如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，
关系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语)
whom (作宾语)
who / that 作主语. (不能省)
This is the film star.
The film star is very popular in China.
This is the film star who/ that is very
popular in China. (作主语)
1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy.
2. Do you know the man who spoke at the
meeting yesterday?
3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my
cousin.
who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略)
The man is a famous writer.
He described the man just now.
The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described
just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）
1.The boy who(m) I ‘m looking for is my friend.
2. The thief has been sent to prison.
The police caught the thief last night.
The thief whom the police caught last
night has been sent to prison.
小结：
• that－ 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，
不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
• which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作
宾语，可以省略.
• who－ 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，
可以省略,（常用whom）
注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语
从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。
有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：
1.当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none,
anything, everything, nothing , everybody,
nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。
That’s all that I know.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
He answered few questions that the teacher
asked.
2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
That is the most interesting book that I have
ever read.
The first thing that I should do is to review
my lessons.
3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修
饰时。
That’s the only thing that I can do now.
These are the very words that he used.
4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的
关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?
Which is the pen that you lost ?
5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.
The man and his dog that I always meet are
standing by the gate.
whose 作定语,表示所属关系。
The boy is my classmate.
The boy’s father is a policeman.
The boy whose father is a policeman is my
classmate.
•
•
A child _____ parents are dead is
called an orphan( 孤儿).
A. who B. whose C. who’s
which
D.
例句赏析~~~~
It’s an invention which /that is
used for keeping off the rain .
《飘》
Gone with the wind
It’s a book that/which was written
by Margaret Mitchell.
It’s the Wall that /which was built
by Chinese people.
It’s an animal that/which….
It’s an animal that / which has big
nose.
Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空
1. The boy ____________
who / that is playing ping-pong is
my classmate.
2. The e-mail ___________
which/ that I received yesterday
was from my sister.
who / that
3. I hate people ______________
talk much but
do little.
which / that my father bought last
4. The car _____________
month is very beautiful.
whose hair is white is his grandfather.
5. The man ______
whose
6. Is there a student _________
father is a
business man?
which
7. This is the house in ________
we have lived
for 10 years.
8.I’ve never heard of the people and things
________
that you talked about just now.
当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词
只能用that.
Exercise 2.
1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about
that they couldn’t
the persons and things ______
remember.
that
2. Say all ________
you know.
3. Is there anything ______
that I can do for you?
当先行词是something, anything, nothing,
all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.
4.This is the first play ________
that I have seen
since I came here.
5. This is the best novel _______
that I have read.
当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系
代词只能用that.
6.Who is the girl _______is
that
standing under the tree?
that we used last Sunday.
7. Which is the machine ____
当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，
而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用
that.
关系副词：
when/ where/why
when 作时间状语: When = 介词 + which
She will never forget the day.
She was married on that day.
She will never forget the day when (=on which)
she was married.
It was the year.
The World War I broke out in the year.
It was the year when (= in which) the World
War I broke out.
where 作地点状语 where = 介词 + which
I want to know the place.
I was born there.
I want to know the place where (= in which)
I was born.
The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a
new one.
why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.
why = for which
That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late.
I know the reason why he said it.
Exercise
•
1.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the
PRC was founded.
A. which B. when C. that D. on that
•
2.Is that the reason _____ you are for
the plan.
which B. what
C. why
D. for that
• 3.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the
PRC was founded.
• A. which B. when C. that D. on
that
• 4. Is this the place ______ you were
born?
• A. which B.where C.what D.that
• 挑战高难度！！！
• 1. Is this the place ______ you were
born?
• A. which B.where C.what D.that
• 2. Is this the place ______ some
German friends visited last year?
• A. which B.where C.what D. why
• 3.The house _______ the famous writer
wrote his works is a museum now.
• A. which B.where C.what D.that
• 4.The house _______ the famous writer
bought many years ago is a museum
now.
• A. that B.where C.what D. why
• 5.He told her the reason____ why he is
unhappy, but she doesn’t believe the
reason ______ he gives her.
• A. why; why
• B. why; which
• C. that; why
• D. which; why
谢谢观赏~~~