Transcript 名词性从句
Grammar 名词性从句 1. 为什么叫名词性从句？ 整个从句相当于一个名词 _______________________ 名词能做的成分,名词性从句 都能做 2. 为什么要有名词性从句？ 从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多 比较: The man looked around. 那人看了看四周. (名词作主语) That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. 那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望. (从句作主语) 同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义 I know him. I know that he is writing his composition in his room 我知道他在房间里写作文. 从句的特征: 是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分 (that 除外) 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 主语从句在句中做------ 主语 宾语从句在句中做------ 宾语 表语从句在句中做------ 表语 同位语从句在句中----- 同位语 1. That he will come is certain. 主语从句 2. I know that he will come. 宾语从句 3. The truth is that I have been there. 表语从句 4. The fact that she was late surprised us. 同位语从句 名词性从句是由if, whether, that和各种疑问句词where, when等充当连接词所引导的 从句, 其功能==名词。 宾语从句就是在句中作宾语的名词性从句 (1) 由that 引导的宾语从句(that通常可以 省略), 例如： I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if)引导的宾语从句,例如： ① She did not know what had happened. ② I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词 性从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是 “主语+系动词+表语从句”。 可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 1). The question is whether we can finish it in such a short time. 2). This is why we can’t get the support of the people. 3). But the fact remains that we are behind the others. 4). The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the bus. 主语从句 定义： 作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从 句之一。 用法： 1) 由what等代词引起的主语从句： What the teacher said today was quite right. 老师今天说的话是十分正确的。 2) 由连词that引起的主语从句： That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。 但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句 子的后部去，而用代词it作形式主语。 3) whatever, whoever也可引导主语从句。 Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。 4) 由连接代词或连接副词以及whether 引起的主语从句。 Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided. 他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。 注意: 上述例句中的主语从句都是放在 句首, 但有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而 把从句放在后面。 例如: It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + adj. / n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is possible that... 很可能…… It is unlikely that... 不可能…… 2) It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… It happened that... 碰巧…… 3) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that... 据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that... 有人建议…… 如: It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. 据信, 至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻 底毁掉。 1. _____ That you don’t like him is none of my business. 2. _____ What he said at the meeting shockeded everybody present 3. ________ Whether the 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. 4. ________ Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 5. ________ Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 6. ___ It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 7.It worried her a bit ____ that her hair was turning grey. 8. The Foreign Minister said, “__ It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” 9. _______ what I expected to do is to travel around the world. 1. He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart. that 2. My worry is that he can get there on time. whether 3. The reason why he failed was because he that hadn’t studied hard. 4. What we need are time. is 5. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want. whichever