Transcript 主谓一致

主谓一致
Made by ZengZhiqiu
（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况
1）主语为复数名词或代词
The teachers are respected in the world.
2) 当people , police, cattle 等集体名词作主语，形式上
为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数
The police are looking for the missing child.
The cattle are kept in his farm.
3）山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的复数名词作主语。
The Olympic Games are held once every four years.
The Rocky mountains stand in the west of the north America
4）the+adj. 表示一类人 或物做主语时
blind,deaf, living,dead,
如 the+
wounded,poor,rich
old, young等
The dead are soon forgotten.
The rich are not always happy.
Generally speaking the young are eager for success.
5) the+姓的复数形式表一家人
The Whites are going to make a trip to London.
The Greens were watching TV when a fire broke out.
（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况
1）可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。
2）表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作
主语，表达一个整体概念时。
Twenty years is only a short time in human history.
3)主语从句、动词不定式、动名词 形式作主语时，
谓语动词用单数。
Looking after the children is my full time job.
To die for the people is a worthy death.
When and where to hold the meeting is unknown.
Whatever was left was taken away.
4) 以-S 结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数
如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,
(news, physics, maths，politics)谓语用单数。
The United states is made up of 50 states.
The Times is a newspaper for the British government
Great Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in
1860.
5) clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment,
luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。
Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.
6) each
neither +of + the+复数名词或代词
either
Each of us has a dictionary.
Either of the books on the table belongs to me.
Neither of them is fit for the job.
7) many a / each / every
either / neither
+单数名词
more than one
Many a student has seen the film.
Neither story is true.
More than one student has seen the film.
More students than one have seen the film.
当each放在主语后作同位语时，不决定谓语单复数
They each have a dictionary.=Each of them has a dictionary.
8) every
each
no
many a
+名词单数＋and+
every
each
no
many a
+名词单数
作主语时
谓语用单数
Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
9）由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body
所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语用单数
Nobody wants to go there.
Something has been done to end the strike.
10）man(人类) 和the world(世人)作主语时
Man has created many useful things.
The world knows that the earth is round.
（三）其它情况
1）用and或both…and…连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词
用复数形式。但是如果and连接的两个名词作主语，指同一个
人或事或整体概念，谓语动词用单数（如果是可数名
词的单数这时and后面的名词一般没有冠词）。
用is/are填空
English and Chinese arequite different languages.
Water and air areboth important.
A young man and a girl are to go there.
The singer and the writer are famous to many young people
.
The manager and secretary is as busy as a bee all day
The singer and writer is famous to everyone.
War and peace （战争与和平） is a constant theme in history.
A knife and fork（ 刀叉） is needed for a western meal.
Bread and butter(黄油面包) is served for breakfast.
Early to bed and early to rise （早睡早起）
iron and steel 钢铁
law and order 治安
a watch and chain 一块带链的表
A needle and thread(针线)
a coat and tie配有领带的上衣
is
a good habit.
2）单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。
作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。
这类名词有：sheep, fish, deer, means(方法),
species(种类),works(工厂), Chinese, Japanese等。
选择填空
has/have
Every means has been tried out without much result.
All means have been tried out without much result.
was/were
This shoe works wasset up in 1980.
Those shoe works wereall set up in 1980.
3) 表示成双成套的名词，如：chopsticks (筷子),
compasses, clothes, glasses, jeans, scissors,
shoes, socks, trousers, gloves, shorts等，作主语时，
谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如与a kind of, a pair of,
the pair of, a series of 连用，作主语时，
谓语动词用单数形式。如：
This kind of books is useful. = Books of this kind are useful.
4) 某些集体名词（如 family, team 等）作主语时， 如果作
为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员而
言，谓语动词用复数。类似动词还有：
class, club, company, crowd, enemy, government,
group, party, public, team等。
is
1)His family ____(be)
a big family
were
2)His family ______(be)
listening to music
when he came back
is
3)The population in China______(be)
very large, and
are
eighty of the population in China _____(be)
farmers.
5) 就近原则
下列连词连接两个主语时，及there be句型有多个并列主语，
谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致。
A or B
either A or B
neither A nor B
not only A but also B
there be A, B and C
not A but B
动词与靠近的主语一致
is
1）Either the girl or the boy ______
in Canada.( is /are )
know
2）Neither he nor I _________
the answer.(knows /know)
are
3）Not only I but also Jane and Mary _______tired
of having one examination after another.
4) You ,he or I am right.
5）You or he _______ to blame．你或他有一人要受责备。
_____ you or he to blame? 受责备的是你还是他？
A．is，Is
B．are，Are
C．is，Are
D． are，Is
Is
6)_____either
he or you right?(be)(注意就近原则在疑问中的使用)
D the prize to those gifted
7)Either you or the headmaster ______
students at the meeting. (NMET 1994 )
A. is handing out
B. are to hand out
C. are handing out D. is to hand out
6)就前原则,当主语后面跟有
as well as, as much as,no less than, along with,
with, like, rather than, together with, but,
except, besides,including, in addition to
等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。
A visiting
1)The teacher , with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ______
a museum when the earthquake struck. (NMET2004 北京卷)
A. was B . were C. had been D. would be
2）Nobody but John and Helen was absent.
I, rather than you， am responsible for the accident.
7) None of + n（复数）作主语，谓语用单数或复数均可
None of + n（单数）作主语，谓语用单数
None of the cars was / were damaged. 这些车都没有受损。
None of the food has gone bad. 食物没有变质。
8) a number of + n（复数）作主语，谓语用复数
the number of + n（复数）作主语，谓语用单数
The number of the people invited ______
C fifty , but a number of
them ______ absent for different reasons. (NMET 1996 )
A. were, was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
a large quantity of +c/u +谓语单数
large quantities of +c/u +谓语复数
A large quantity of people is needed here.
Large quantities of food have rotten away.
a great deal of/ a large amount of +u+谓语单数
但large amounts of +u+ 谓语复数
9）关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其
先行词的单复数。
He is one of the few persons who have a
good knowledge of Italian.
他是精通意大利语的少数人之一。
He is the only one of the boys
was
who
given a prize.
他是这些孩子中唯一受到奖励的。
当one之前有the only修饰时，one是who
的先行词，从句谓语动词用单数。
10)倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如：
stands
1)Between the two buildings
(stand) a m
2)On the shipwere/are
(be) over 2,200 people
3)More than 1,500 people lost their lives.
Among those was
(be) the young woman.
11).such, the same起指示代词作用，应根据其所指的内容
来确定单、复数。如：
Such is our plan.
Such are my hopes.
12).all 做主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。
All is well that ends well.
All are eager to reach an agreement.
13) part of / half of /… percent of / one third of + 名词，
谓语动词要与of 后面的名词保持一致。