Transcript 2.3 Notes Native Americans

Warm Up – Please do now
Follow along with the print out of the song lyrics.
Indian Reservation Lyrics
"Indian Reservation" was written by Loudermilk, John.
They took the whole Cherokee Nation
Put us on this reservation
Took away our ways of life
The tomahawk and the bow and knife
Took away our native tongue
And taught their English to our young
And all the beads we made by hand
Are nowadays made in Japan
Cherokee people
Cherokee tribe
So proud to live
So proud to die
They took the whole Indian Nation
Locked us on this reservation
Though I wear a shirt and tie
I'm still a redman deep inside
Cherokee people
Cherokee tribe
So proud to live
So proud to die
But maybe someday when they've learned
Cherokee Nation will return
Will return, will return
Will return, will return
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=zQ6RjP7MlXk
What line stands out to you?
What line connects to something
you already knew?
2-3 NATIVE AMERICANS
Some lived here for
centuries.
Many were nomads who
followed the buffalo
Plains Indians’ are not one
tribe; it refers to the region
where many tribes lived.
Idea of Manifest Destiny
– had a negative affect on
Native Americans .
- US “destiny” to
expand from coast to
coast.
Culture
• Believed in rich varied cultures
• Different languages and religions for different tribes
• Used sign language to communicate to other tribes
• Native Americans were farmers/hunters/nomads
• Women- gathered food, prepared meals, tepees, cared for kids, crafts
• Men- hunted and protected, military and spiritual leaders
Depended on the Buffalo (Bison) for food, shelter and clothing.
LIVING GROCERY STORE – food,
clothing, shelter
TEPEES -A tent made out of
stretching dried buffalo on tall polls
TRAVOIS - A sled pulled by a dog
or horse
JERKY - Dried meat
Migration followed buffalo
movement
• winter -small groups in valleys
and forests
• summer-large groups on Plains
Different ways to hunt buffalo
before horse
CORRAL - An enclosure used to
herd buffalo
after horse – bow & arrows
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tneaZhFSSGU
The Sundance / Ghost Dance
Celebrated the hope that settlers would
disappear, buffalo would return, tribes
would be reunited with dead ancestors
Ceremony banned for fear it would lead
to violence.
http://www.classzon
e.com/cz/books/am
er_hist_survey/reso
urces/htmls/animati
ons/ah12_anim_rem
setribes.html
STOP ~ THINK ~ DISCUSS
• What adaptations might Native Americans have to make when
they went to a reservation?
Clashes
Geography Connection
1. In what region of the United
States did a majority of battles
occur between settlers and the
Native Americans during this
time?
2. From what state to what state did
the Nez Perce travel in 1877?
Reservations –a designated area of land for Native American tribes
STOP ~ THINK ~ DISCUSS
Think about what you know about nomads and settlers.
Explain how the lifestyles of nomads and settlers would differ.
What problems might this cause?
Clashes
•
Dakota Sioux Uprising
• Agreed to live on a reservation in exchange for
$ (that didn’t always reach them).
• Facing poverty and starvation they rebelled
killing hundreds of settlers.
• 300 sentenced to death after uprising –
Lincoln stepped in reducing that to 38.
• Others fled when troops arrived.
•
Red Cloud’s War
• Sioux Nomads
• Chiefs – Red Cloud, Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull.
• US Army was building Fort’s along Bozeman
trail to the mines.
• Tricked Cpt. Fetterman into pursuing and
wiped out the unit. “Fetterman’s Massacre”
• Sioux continued to resist military presence –
Red Cloud’s War. The army abandoned its post
in 1868
Clashes Continued
•
Sand creek Massacre
•
•
•
•
•
•
Tensions with Cheyenne and Arapaho and miners.
Native Americans began raiding wagon trains and
ranches. Dozens of homes had been burned and 200
settlers killed.
Native Americans to surrender at Fort Lyon those who
didn’t subject to attack. Many did not surrender
Chief Black Kettle bought several hundred to negotiate
peace and make camp at nearby Sand Creek
Colonel Chivington attacked
Unclear what happened – different eyewitness accounts
• Black Kettle flying American and white flag but was
ignored by Chivington
• US troops fired on Native Americans and the murdered
women and children
• Savage battle where both sides fought ferociously for 2
days
• Few soldiers died but anywhere from 69-600 Native
Americans killed.
Clashes Continued
• Battle of Little Big Horn / Custer’s Last
Stand
• Prospectors overtook Lakota Sioux
reservation to mine gold.
• Lakota saw no reason to follow a treaty
settlers weren’t and left the reservation to
hunt
• US sends General Custer who
underestimates fighting power of Lakota
and Cheyenne
• Ignoring orders, Custer launches a 3 prong
attack against one of the largest Native
American warriors ever assembled.
• 200+ soldiers are killed
• Public outcry caused the army to step up
its campaign against Native Americans
• Sitting Bull fled to Canada
• Other Lakota forced back to the
Reservation
Clashes Continued
• Flight of the Nez Perce
Led by Chief Joseph
Refused to move to a smaller reservation
Army came to relocate them – they fled on a journey of
1,300 miles
• Exiled to Oklahoma
•
•
•
“Our chiefs are killed . . . The little children are freezing to death. My people . .
. Have no blankets, no food . . . Hear me, my chiefs; I a tired; my heart is sick
and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”
• Wounded Knee
Lakota Sioux defied government orders and performed
the Ghost Dance.
• Sitting Bull had returned from Canada and was blamed.
Police were sent to arrest him.
• Siting Bull supporters tried to stop the arrest.
• Gunfire was exchanged and Sitting Bull died
• Ghost Dancers then fled and the Army followed – battle
at Wounded Knee.
• 25 soldiers and 200 Lakota
•
Fight No More Forever
"Fight No More"
On behalf of the resistance, and all of our existence
As the wanted man, the conquered man.
We no not of your borders,
But you push us to your corners.
This is not your land,
This isn't anybody's land.
Some will live and some will last,
Some will cry out for the past.
But my oh my,
The answers are falling fast.
I will give if this pain won't last.
So from where the sun now stands,
I will fight no more forever.
How you choose to meet your fate,
For I will fight no more forever.
Government agent arrivals, pale chief and his disciples.
They crooked tongues, the acid lungs.
We know not of your borders,
But the world is getting colder.
This is not your land,
This isn't anybody's land.
Some will live and some will last,
Some will bleed like Looking Glass.
But my oh my,
The answers are falling fast.
I will give if this pain won't last.
So from where the sun now stands,
I will fight no more forever.
How you choose to meet your fate,
For I will fight no more forever.
From where the sun now stands,
I will fight no more forever.
How you choose to meet your fate,
For I will fight no more forever.
And the sun will set sad and sick,
Break these chains I don't want them no more.
And the sun will set sad and sick,
Break these chains I don't want them no more.
Break these chains I don't want them no more.
Break these, break these chains.
Said he died of a broken heart.
Said he died of a broken heart.
Died of a broken heart. Broken heart.
http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/stateradio/fightnomore.html
Helen Hunt Jackson – A Century of Dishonor
Details the broken promises and injustices
Peace?
Indian Peace Commission
- Create two large reservations
- Run by Federal Agents
- Army would deal with those
that were no cooperative
Sioux
Southern Plains
Doomed – No way to make sure Native Americans followed through
- No Way to keep settlers from staying away
Dawes Act
• End Reservations / Help become independent
• Reservation land divided into small farms – 80160 acres
• Unused = sold to non-Native Americans
• Children sent to schools to learn American
ways - assimilate
Doomed - Hunters Not Farmers who were dependent on the buffalo, land was not
good for farming, and millions of acres sold to whites
Today
Citizenship Act (1924) - Granted
all Native Americans citizenship
Indian Reorganization Act
(1934)– reversed the Dawes Act’s
assimilation policy, restored some
reservations with Native
Americans in control of those
lands and elected their own
governments.
About 310 native American
Reservations in the U.S.
not all of the 550-plus tribes have
a reservation (some have more
than one, some share, others
have none.)
some reservations are split creates governmental, political,
and legal difficulties.
An American Indian
reservation is an area of
land managed by a Native
American tribe under the
United States
Department if the
Interior’s Bureau of
Indian Affairs.
Exit Out
Add one additional 4 line verse to either song. Your
lines must rhyme and flow nicely with the original
song.
2-3 Vocabulary terms