Transcript dpmi-1b.ppt

THE MILENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS OVERVIEW:
PROGRESS, PROSPECTS AND PRACTICE
The Crisis
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POVERTY: More than one billion people
in the world live on less than a dollar a
day. Another 1.8 billion struggle to survive
on less than $2 per day.
ILLITERACY: Around the world, a total of
114 million children do not get even a basic
education and 584 million women are
illiterate.
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PREMATURE DEATH: Life expectancy in
sub-Saharan Africa is less than 55 years –
and dropping.
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WATER AND SANITATION: Four out of
every ten people in the world don't have
access even to a simple latrine; and two in
ten have no source of safe drinking water.
40,000
US$37,610
35,000
(atlas method)
GNI Per Capita 2003
GNI Per Capita
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30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
US$146
5,000
10 wealthiest
countries
10 poorest
countries
The Action
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At the Millennium Summit in September
2000, the largest gathering of world leaders
in history adopted the Millennium
Declaration, committing their nations to
reduce poverty; improve health; and
promote peace, human rights, and
environmental sustainability.
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The Millennium Development Goals set
out a mutual commitment between
developed and developing countries to
make sustained progress towards achieving
this vision.
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Specifically, the Millennium Development
Goals aim to reduce poverty, reduce
mortality, fight disease and hunger, get
girls and boys in school, empower women
and give more people access to safe water.
African countries need to make the most
progress if they are to meet these Goals.
The Opportunity
The Millennium Development Goals can be achieved by
2015, even in the poorest countries, if strategic action
is taken.
The world already has affordable tools to win this
fight, such as:
 Bed-nets to fight malaria
– Vaccinations against disease
– Antiretroviral therapies to treat AIDS
– Fertilizers and agro-forestry to raise crop yields
– Bore wells to provide drinking water
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–
Diesel generators for village electricity.
If the Goals are achieved
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More than 500 million people will be lifted out of
extreme poverty and 250 million will no longer
suffer from hunger.
30 million children will be saved who would
otherwise die before reaching age 5 and 2 million
maternal deaths will have been averted.
350 million people will have access to safe
drinking water and 650 million people will have
access to basic sanitation
The Millennium Development
Goals
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and
hunger
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary
education
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and
empower women
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
Goal 6: Halt and begin to reverse the
spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and
other diseases
Goal 7: Ensure environmental
sustainability
Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for
Development
The MDGs are the world’s first
shared set of integrated,
quantitative and time-bound
goals for poverty reduction
Another Perspective on the Goals
Developing Country Responsibility
 To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
 To achieve universal primary education
 To promote gender equality and empower women
 To reduce child mortality
 To improve maternal health
 To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
 To ensure environmental sustainability
Developed Country and Development Assistance
Agency Responsibility
 To establish a global partnership for development
Prerequisites for Countries to
Achieve the Goals
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Vision
Country ownership
Country-led partnership
Focus on development results
What is meant by “vision”?
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Coherent long-term-vision
Medium-term strategy derived from vision
Country-specific development targets
Holistic, balanced and well sequenced strategy
Capacity for implementation (e.g., expenditure
management)
What is meant by “country
ownership”?
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Vision and strategy homegrown
Government involved stakeholders
Civil society involvement
Private sector involvement
Parliamentary involvement
Capacity to formulate strategy
What is meant by “country-led
partnership”?
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Government leadership and coordination
Partners’ assistance in strategy alignment
Financial and non-financial support alignment
Coherent capacity support
Harmonization of policies and procedures
Appropriate partnership behaviors
What is meant by “focus on
development results”?
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Development information systems
Stakeholders’ access to development
information
Managing for development results
PROGRESS TO DATE: GROUP 1
A
relatively small leading group of 12 countries
Bolivia
has made
Burkina
Faso good progress in implementing CDF
principles and faces a reasonably good chance
Ethiopia
of achieving the MDGs defined in their poverty
Ghana
reduction strategies, provided that they stay
Guinea
the course.
Kyrgyz
Republic These countries have put in place
the processes needed to achieve success, and
Mauritania
have defined relatively clearly the goals they
Rwanda
are pursuing. Most have taken action to align
Senegal
government and partners' actions with those
Tanzania
goals, and to track development outcomes.
Uganda
PROGRESS TO DATE: GROUP 2
Albania
An intermediate group of 11 countries is making
Cape
Verde progress in implementing the CDF
selective
Gambia
principles. With concerted internal actions and
Guyana
focused external partner support, they may
Honduras
more firmly embark on the road to achieving
Malawi
the MDGs
Mozambique
Niger
Pakistan
Yemen
Zambia
PROGRESS TO DATE: GROUP 3
At the other end of the spectrum, a group of 25
Armenia
Azerbaijan
countries-more than half
of which have
Benin
features of low-incomeCambodia
countries under stress
Cameroon
CARby conflict or both(LICUS)6 or are affected
Chad
Congo
DR
has made little progress
in implementing
the
Cote
d’Ivoire
Djibouti
CDF
principles. They are
unlikely to reach the
Eritrea
Georgia
2015 poverty reduction
goals or related
Guinea
Bissau
Kenya circumstances.
country
goals under present
Laos
Lesotho
Closer adherence to the
CDF principles can
Madagascar
Mali
help these countries get
on the right track
Moldova
Mongolia
Nicaragua
Sao Tome e Principe
Serbia/Montenegro
Sierra Leone
Tajikistan
WHERE WE ARE TODAY
WHERE WE ARE TODAY
WHERE WE ARE TODAY
WHERE WE ARE TODAY
Ten Key Recommendations
#1: Developing country governments
should adopt MDG-based poverty
reduction strategies bold enough to
meet the Millennium Development
Goal (MDG) targets for 2015. To
meet the 2015 deadline, we recommend
that all countries have these strategies in
place by 2008. Where Poverty Reduction
Strategy Papers (PRSPs) already exist,
those should be aligned with the MDGs
Ten Key Recommendations
#2: The MDG-based poverty reduction
strategies should anchor the
scaling up of public investments,
capacity building, domestic
resource mobilization, and
official development assistance.
They should also provide a
framework for strengthening
governance, promoting human
rights, engaging civil society, and
promoting the private sector.
Ten Key Recommendations
#3: Developing country
governments should craft and
implement the MDG-based
poverty reduction strategies in
transparent and inclusive
processes, working closely with
civil society organizations, the
domestic private sector, and
international partners.
Ten Key Recommendations
#4: International donors should
identify at least a dozen MDG “fasttrack” countries for a rapid scaleup of official development assistance
(ODA), recognizing that many
countries are already in a position
for a massive scale-up on the basis
of their good governance and
absorptive capacity.
Ten Key Recommendations
#5: Developed and developing
countries should jointly launch a
group of Quick Win actions to
save and improve millions of
lives and to promote economic
growth.
Ten Key Recommendations
#6: Developing country governments
should align national strategies
with such regional initiatives as
the New Partnership for Africa’s
Development and the Caribbean
Community (and Common Market),
and regional groups should receive
increased direct donor support for
regional projects.
Ten Key Recommendations
#7: High-income countries should increase
official development assistance (ODA)
from 0.25 percent of donor GNP in 2003 to
around 0.44 percent in 2006 and 0.54 in 2015
to support the Millennium Development Goals,
particularly in low-income countries, with
improved aid quality (including aid that is
harmonized, predictable and largely in the form
of grants-based budget support). Each donor
should reach 0.7 percent no later than
2015 to support the Goals and other
development assistance priorities
Ten Key Recommendations
#8: High-income countries should
open their markets to developing
country exports through the Doha trade
round and help Least Developed
Countries raise export competitiveness
through investments in critical traderelated infrastructure, including
electricity, roads, and ports.
Ten Key Recommendations
#9: International donors should
mobilize support for global
scientific research and
development to address special
needs of the poor in areas of health,
agriculture, natural resource and
environmental management, energy
and climate. We estimate the total
needs to rise to approximately $7
billion by 2015.
Ten Key Recommendations
#10: The UN Secretary-General and
the UN Development Group should
strengthen the coordination of
UN agencies, funds, and
programs to support the MDGs at
headquarters and country level.The
UN Country Teams should be
strengthened and should work
closely with the international
financial institutions to support the
Goals.
Priority Interventions: Quick Wins
Quick Wins can start countries on the path to the Goals
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Eliminating school and uniform fees to ensure that all
children, especially girls, are not out of school
because of their families’ poverty
Providing impoverished farmers in Sub-Saharan
Africa with affordable replenishments of soil nitrogen
and other soil nutrients
Providing free school meals for all children using
locally produced foods with take-home rations
Priority Interventions: Quick Wins
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Training large numbers of village workers in health,
farming, and infrastructure (in one-year programs) to
ensure basic expertise and services in rural
communities
Distributing free, long-lasting, insecticide-treated
bed-nets to all children in malaria-endemic zones to
cut decisively the burden of malaria
Eliminating user fees for basic health services in all
developing countries, financed by increased domestic
and donor resources for health
Priority Interventions: Quick Wins
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Expanding access to sexual and reproductive health
information and services, including family planning
and contraceptive information and services, and
closing existing funding gaps for supplies and
logistics
Expanding the use of proven effective drug
combinations for AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. For
AIDS, this includes successfully completing the 3 by
5 initiative to bring antiretrovirals to 3 million
people
Setting up funding to finance community-based slum
upgrading and earmark idle public land for low-cost
housing
Priority Interventions: Quick Wins
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Providing access to electricity, water, sanitation, and
the Internet for all hospitals, schools, and other
social service institutions using off-grid diesel
generators, solar panels, or other appropriate
technologies
Launching national campaigns to reduce violence
against women
Establishing an office of science advisor to the
president or prime minister to consolidate the role of
science in national policymaking
Time Pressure
There is still enough time to meet the MDGs—though
barely. With a systematic approach over the next
decade, many countries now dismissed as too poor or
too far off track could still achieve the Goals, but only
if the world moves urgently with specific, scaled-up
actions.
Next Steps
LAUNCHING A DECADE OF BOLD AMBITION
To launch the decade of bold ambition towards 2015,
several worldwide initiatives are needed to translate
the Goals from ambition to action:
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Identify fast-track countries
Prepare MDG-based poverty reduction strategies
Launch a global human resource training effort
Launch the Quick Win initiatives
Engage middle-income countries in the challenge