Transcript Peering Simulation Game.ppt

The Peering Simulation Game
William B. Norton
11-12 August 2010
Nairobi, Kenya
Sarova Panafric Hotel Nairobi
African Peering and Interconnection Forum: Unlocking Africa’s Regional Interconnection
Internet Researcher
•
•
•
•
90% externally focused
Many documents on Protocols
Lack of Operations documents
Research: Peering
– How does Peering work?
– What are the definitions?
– What are the “Tricks of the Trade?”
White paper process..
Community Operations Research
1. “Ground Truth” w/dozens of experts
2. Write White Paper v0.1
3. Walk community through WP for
comments
4. Revise White Paper into new version
5. Present White Paper at conferences
6. Solicit comments over lunches and
dinners
White papers so far…
Internet Operations White Papers
“Interconnection Strategies for ISPs”
“Internet Service Providers and Peering”
“A Business Case for Peering”
“The Art of Peering: The Peering Playbook”
“The Peering Simulation Game”
“Do ATM-based Internet Exchanges Make
Sense Anymore?”
7) “Evolution of the U.S. Peering Ecosystem”
8) “Asia Pacific Peering Guidebook”
9) “A Business Case for Peering in 2004”
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
Freely available. See Web site or send e-mail to [email protected]
Or Google for “William B. Norton”
Where did the Peering Simulation
Game come from?
• Conversations: 200 ISP Peering
Coordinators
• Research Paper: “Internet Service Providers
and Peering”
Today:
1) Definitions of the trade
2) Summary Findings from Research
3) Live the Life: Peering Simulator
No Internet Preso is complete without…
Internet Statistics
• 87.5% of all Internet statistics are made up
Made Up
Real
Source: I made it up
3 minute Intro to Peering
Transit $$
ISP A
Peering provides routes
only to each
others customers
Upstream
Transit
Provider
ISP B
Transit $$
1) Transit can costs big bucks.
(But it is a convenient plug in the wall that says
“Internet  this way”)
2) Peering costs little and reduces transit costs.
3) Q: Who to peer with? How to justify Peering costs?
Definitions of Peering and Transit
Def: Peering is the business relationship whereby ISPs
reciprocally announce reachability to each others’ transit customers.
Peering
Peering
WestNet
USNet
EastNet
Routing
Table
•(Note: Peering is a Non-Transitive Relationship)
vs. Def: Transit is the business relationship whereby one ISP
sells access to all destinations in its routing table.
The Players
• Internet Service Provider A
– Peering Coordinator
• Internet Service Provider B
– Peering Coordinator
• Internet Service Provider C
– Peering Coordinator
• Internet Service Provider D
– Peering Coordinator
3 Helpers
• Transit Provider X:
• Transit Provider Y:
• Exchange Point Operator:
Transit Provider X
A
The Peering Game
B
IXN
X
X
IXW
Y
IXE
Y
IXS
C
Transit Provider Y
D
3 Rules
1. Goal: Maximize bank holdings. Make money by
acquiring customers and reduce transit costs by peering
2. Play: Roll the dice and expand your network by
selecting that many adjacent “squares” of customers
Gain transit revenue of $2000 for each customer square
you own
Pay transit fees of $1000 for each square of traffic that
other ISPs own
3. If at Exchange Point, two ISPs can negotiate peering:
–
–
$2000 recurring cost and loss of 2 turns, ISPs negotiates who
covers the costs of peering
Peering ISPs do not have to pay transit for each others
squares starting the next turn
Quick round…
Transit Provider X
A
A
A
A
A
B
IXN
A
A rolls 5,
X
IXW
Y
X
Wants to peer w/B – moves to IXN
Receives revenue on 6 squares (6*$2000)
Pays Transit on others squares (3*$1000)
$12,000 - $3,000 = $9,000
IXE
Y
IXS
C
Transit Provider Y
D
Transit Provider X
A
A
A
A
A
B
IXN
A
B
B
B
X
IXW
Y
rolls5,3,
ABrolls
Pays Transit on
others to
squares
Going
IXE(3*$1000)
Receives
Receivesrevenue
revenueonon6 4squares
squares(6*$2000)
(4*$2000)
$12,000on- others
$3,000squares
= $9,000
Pays Transit
(8*$1000)
$8,000 - $8,000 = $0
X
IXE
Y
IXS
C
Transit Provider Y
D
Transit Provider X
A
A
A
A
A
B
IXN
A
B
B
B
ABrolls
5,3,6,
Crolls
rolls
Pays TransitCan
on others
squares
(3*$1000)
get
to
IXE
Can get to IXW, likes IXS
X
IXW
YC
C
Receives
revenue
on 6 squares
Pays Transit
on others
squares(6*$2000)
(8*$1000)
Receives
revenue
on
7
squares
(7*$2000)
$12,000
- $3,000
= $9,000(4*$2000)
Receives
revenue
on 4 squares
Pays Transit on others squares (11*$1000)
$8,000 - $8,000 = $0
$14,000 - $11,000 = $3,000
C
C
C
X
IXE
Y
IXS
C
Transit Provider Y
C
D
Transit Provider X
A
A
A
A
A
B
IXN
A
B
B
B
ABrolls
5,3,6,
Crolls
rolls
D squares
rolls
1,(3*$1000)
Pays TransitCan
on others
get
to
IXE
Canentrant
get
IXW, IXS
Receives
revenue
on to
6 squares
Pays Transit
on others
squares(6*$2000)
(8*$1000)
Late
heading
to IXE
Pays Transit on others squares (11*$1000)
X
IXW
YC
C
$12,000
- $3,000
=2$9,000
Receives
revenue
on 4onsquares
(4*$2000)
Receives
revenue
squares
(2*$2000)
Receives revenue on 4 squares (7*$2000)
$8,000
$8,000squares
= $0 (17*$1000)
Pays Transit
on-others
$14,000 - $11,000 = $3,000
$4,000 - $17,000 = -$13,000
C
C
C
X
IXE
Y
D
IXS
C
Transit Provider Y
C
D
Scoreboard after Round 1
•
•
•
•
ISP A: $9,000
ISP B: $0
ISPC: $3,000
ISPD: -$13,000
• On to Round 2
Transit Provider X
A
A
A
A
A
B
IXN
A
B
B
A
B
A
XA
IXW
YC
C
3,6, 3,
ABrolls
A 5,
rolls
Crolls
rolls
X
D
rolls
1,
Pays TransitCan
on others
squares
(3*$1000)
gettotoIXW,
IXE
Attaches
to(6*$2000)
IXW
Can
get
IXS
IXE
Receives
revenue
on
6
squares
Pays Receives
Transit
onrevenue
others heading
squares
(8*$1000)
Late
entrant
to
IXE
9 squares
(9*$2000)
Pays $12,000
Transit on
otherson
squares
(11*$1000)
Y
$3,000
=
$9,000
Receives
revenue
on
4
squares
(4*$2000)
Pays Transit on others squares (17*$1000)
C
C
C
Pays Transit
on on
others
squares
(13*$1000)
Receives
revenue
4 squares
(7*$2000)
$8,000
- $8,000
= $0= $5,000
Receives
revenue
4 squares
(2*$2000)
$18,000
-on
$13,000
$14,000
- $11,000
= $3,000
$2,000 - $17,000 = -$15,000
Wants to peer with C – split costs?
YES: -$1,000 + both lose a turn
Neither has to pay transit to each other!
D
C
D
IXS
C
Transit Provider Y
C
Transit Provider X
A Position
B
A
A squares
A
A A
B B
B
B
B
9 Revenue
IXN
A1 lost turn
B
Peering w/C
B
A cost $8000/turn
reduced
B
A
3,6, 2,6,
ABrolls
rolls
AB5,
rolls
Crolls
rolls
XA
XB
D
rolls
1,
Pays TransitCan
onAttaches
others
squares
(3*$1000)
gettotoIXW,
IXE
totoIXE*IXN
Attaches
IXW
IXW
Can
get
IXS
IXE
Receives
revenue
on
6
squares
(6*$2000)
PaysPays
Transit
on
others
squares
(8*$1000)
Late
entrant
heading
to
IXE
Receives
revenue
on
10
squares
(10*$2000)
Transit
on others
squares
(13*$1000)
Pays $12,000
Transit
on
others
squares
(11*$1000)
Y
$3,000
=
$9,000
Receives
revenue
4others
squares
(4*$2000)
YC
Pays
Transit
on on
others
squares
(17*$1000)
Pays
Transit
on
(21*$1000)
Receives
revenue
on
8
squares
(8*$2000)
Receives revenue on 4 squares (7*$2000)
$8,000
- $8,000
= $0==$3,000
Receives
revenue
4 squares
(2*$2000)
$20,000
$21,000
-$1,000
$16,000
--on
$13,000
$14,000
- $11,000
= $3,000
C
$2,000
$17,000
Wants
to-peer
with =C-$15,000
– split costs?
Wants
peer with
– split
costs?
YES: to
-$1,000
bothAlose
a turn
NO:toYou
off, other
Neither has
paypissed
transitme
to each
Yes: if $0 & B lose both turns
Both walk away
IXS
C
C
C
C
Transit Provider Y
C
C
D
D
Let’s play!
WELCOME TO BILLAND
4 ISPs that have never played before
Open Board
$35,000 VC Funding $25,000 VC Funding 1¥ = $1000
We want to hear your thought process and peering
negotiations
Winner - prize
WINNER: At 5:25?PM we will stop and
assume that every roll was a “3”
from that point on out to 12 rounds..
Play the Peering Simulation Game…
Top 5 Reasons NOT to Peer
Top 5 Reasons not to Peer
1) Already get Traffic for “free” (through
existing peering relationships)
Transit
$$$
Yahoo!
Peering
$
Transit ISP
EXODUS
AOL
Top 5 Reasons not to Peer
2) Not True Peers
• Traffic inequity
Huge investment in Int’s circuits,
100’s of routers and colo sites,
Staff installs, peering negotiations,
Millions of customers, etc.
Large Global Network Provider
•
•
•
Scale inequity
Not even investments in infrastructure
Form: “I don’t want to haul your traffic
around the globe”
Small
Regional
Player
Top 5 Reasons Not to Peer
3) Lack of Technical
Competence
Troubleshooting network
problems takes longer
when the other ISP
NOC and engineers lack
the technical expertise
during an outage…
Top 5 Reasons Not to Peer
4) Transit Sales Preferred
• We rather sell you transit…“Let me
introduce you to our sales guys”
Top 5 Reasons Not to Peer
5) BGP is Tough
“BGP? No ExpertiseNo measurements
No Justification to hire expertsBGP?”
Simple
Conceptual Hurdle
Primary
Backup Primary
Transit
Transit
$$$
ISP A
Seek transport
Interconnection
$
Backup
Transit
Complex
Conceptual Hurdle
x
Transit ISP
ISP B
Transit
$$$
6: personality
Top 5 Reasons Not To Peer
5+ Personality Clashes:
They don’t understand
each other
and they didn’t like the
interaction
So Peering sounds easy?