Transcript History of Kinnow mandarin

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Howard B. Frost
University of California, Riverside
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Bred in 1915
First generation hybrid of King X Willow Leaf
(China)
Other sister variety of same parents “Wilking”
Released as a variety in 1935
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The name KINNOW derived from the parents
◦ KIN from King
◦ OW from Willow & additional N as and
Kinnow
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1943-44
Planted in Horticulture Fruit Garden Sq.# 9,
Punjab Agriculture and Research Institute
Lyallpur, now UAF along with Feutrell’s early
Merits
 Heavy bearer
 Good fruit size
 Deep orange color
 Pleasant flavor
 High TSS
 Excellent adaptation
Demerits
• Late ripening
• Alternate
bearing
• Soft skin
• High number
of seeds
Early Adaptation Studies (1950s)
Management Research (1960s onwards)
Nucellar Lines (Early 1970s)
Breeding Programs (1990s onwards)
S&T (2000+)
Disease free citrus nursery production system
◦ Established first nursery model system
◦ Now >10 such systems are under development
process
Foundation Block of Certified Citrus Plants
Container Grown Citrus Nursery
Container grown Citrus nursery plants
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Characterization of Seeded VS seedless strains
PAK-US project on “Citrus Greening”
(UC Riverside)
◦ Vector characterization
◦ Germplasm screening
◦ Biological Control of Vector
A
B
Asymmetric
leaf mottle
A)- Single leaf
B)- A full flush
HLB is present in almost every orchard
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ASLP Citrus project (Australia)
◦ Nursery Production
◦ Fruit thinning
◦ Top Working