Transcript Study Guide for Age of Enlightenment Ch 6 Sections 1-4

Study Guide for Age of
Enlightenment
Ch 6
Sections 1-4
NAME THAT
PHILOSOPHER
• This philosopher’s use of satire
got him into trouble with the
Church, the nobles, and his
government. He never stopped
fighting for tolerance, reason,
freedom of religion and speech.
• VOLTAIRE
NAME THAT
PHILOSOPHER
• This political thinker felt that people
were reasonable beings. He
supported self-government and
argued that government need to
protect the natural rights of the
people. If it did not, the people had
the right to overthrow it and get a
new government.
• LOCKE
NAME THAT
PHILOSOPHER
• This aristocratic philosopher
wrote a famous book The Spirit
of the Laws. He proposed that
separation of powers would
keep any individual from gaining
control of the government.
• MONTESQUIEU
NAME THAT
PHILOSOPHER
• This philosopher’s ideas
influenced criminal law
reformers in Europe and North
America. He argued against
cruel and unusual punishment.
• BECCARIA
NAME THAT
PHILOSOPHER
• This philosopher disagreed with
other philosophers. He argued
that civilization corrupts
people’s natural goodness. But
he did argue for the General Will
of the people-Majority rule with
minority rights.
• Rousseau
True or False
• In general, the philosophers
believed that societies could
progress (improve).
• TRUE
Frederick II supported which
of the following ideas
•
•
•
•
Freedom of worship
Christian religion
Wealthy landowners
Direct democracy
Thomas Hobbes and Catherine
the Great were similar because
both
• Were influenced by John Locke
• Affected by the horrors of the
English Civil War
• Both believed that a monarch
should have absolute authority.
• Were influenced by Voltaire
True or False
• American colonists protested
“no taxation without
representation” because of the
Navigation Acts.
• FALSE . It was the STAMP ACT
The Declaration of
Independence was written
by
•
•
•
•
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Franklin
Patrick Henry
How did the Declaration of
Independence embody
Enlightenment Ideals?
• It said that people had the right to
life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness.
• It stated that all titles of nobility
should be abolished.
• It protected the rights of the
accused and prohibited cruel
punishment
• It set up checks and balances to
power
The first national government of
the 13 individual states was
created by…
•
•
•
•
Articles of Confederation
Constitution
Declaration of Independence
Navigation Acts
Which of the following was
created by the Artcles of
Confederation?
•
•
•
•
Congress
Supreme Court
Office of the President
Office of the Vice-President
True or False
• Montesquieu influenced the
Constitution with his ideas
about public elections.
• FALSE. Separation of powers
into 3 branches of government:
law makers from rulers from
courts was his idea.
The U.S. Bill of Rights
was influenced by
•
•
•
•
Voltaire
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau
All of the above
In which of the following ways did the
taxation problem in America differ
before and after independence?
• Before were too many British
taxes; after were not enough
federal taxes
• Before were too few British
taxes; after were too many
federal taxes
Can you answer this?
• In what ways did the U.S.
Constitution and the Bill of
Rights reflect Enlightenment
ideas?
• If you can’t check out the chart
on page 209 in your text book.
Can you answer this?
• What influence did the ideas of
John Locke have on the
Declaration of Independence.
• If you can’t check out the easy
version of the Declaration of
Independence.
Can you answer this?
• How did the ideas of Locke,
Montesquieu, Rousseau,
Voltaire, and Beccaria influence
the U.S. Constitution?
• If you can’t check out the
charts on 198 and 209 in your
text book.