Transcript Document 7804297

COP 3502
Introduction to Computer
Science
Fall 2004 (1st Half)
David A. Gaitros
James J. Love Bld, Room 261
[email protected]
Introduction
Activity
Day Time
Location
Lecture M,W,F 1:25 – 2:15 LOV 101
Section 1 Wed
8:00 – 8:50 MCH 107
Section 3 Wed 9:05 – 9:55 MCH 107
Section 4 Wed 10:10 –11:00 MCH 107
Section 5 Wed 11:15 –12:05 MCH 107
Syllabus: http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~gaitrosd
Grading
3 Homeworks worth 100
points each
 1 Exam worth 300 points.
 Grades will be incorporated
into your final grade with
the other portion of the
class.

Important
It is vital that you attend class
everyday. I show examples
in class that are not on the
slides.
Homework supports the
learning objectives of the
class and are important
study guides for the test.
Learn as much as you can
and retain this information.
It will be very useful to you
in later classes.
Bits and Bytes
Dec
Binary
Octal
Hex
00
0000
00
0
01
0001
01
1
02
0010
02
2
03
0011
03
3
04
0100
04
4
05
0101
05
5
06
0110
06
6
07
0111
07
7
08
1000
10
8
09
1001
11
9
10
1010
12
A
11
1011
13
B
12
1100
14
C
13
1101
15
D
14
1110
16
E
15
1111
17
F
Bits and Bytes
A bit is a single binary digit
either 1 or 0
 A byte is 8 binary digits or
two hexidecimal digits
 Converting binary to
decimal is simply
understanding the value of
each column and adding
that value if there is “1” in
that column.

Bits and Bytes
8 Binary Digits
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
128 64
32
16
8
4
2
1
Bits and Bytes
Power of 2
2N
N
256
8
512
9
1,024
10
2,048
11
4,096
12
8,192
13
16,384
14
32,768
15
65,536
16
131,072
17
262,144
18
524,288
19
1,048,576
20
2,097,152
21
4,194,304
22
8,388,608
23
Megabytes +
Byte = 8 bits
 Kilbyte = 1,024 bytes
 Megabyte = 1,048,576 bytes
 Gigabyte = 1,073,741,824 bytes

Or 230
UNIX – A HISTORY


UNIX starts off with a failed operating system
called MULTICS, a joint venture with General
Elecrtic, MIT, and AT&T
 Too ambitious and too large for the
machines at the time. (circa 1969)
Ken Thompson (AT&T) write Space Travel, a
game that uses MULTICS to pilot an
imaginary space craft.
 He decides to rewrite the game running on
a PDP-7 and enlists Dennis Ritchie to help
hem.
 Programming had to be done on another
machine and transferred via paper tape
 It would be simpler if they had their own
operating system so they wrote one which
was the early version of UNIX (which was
called Unics at first).
UNIX – A HISTORY



PDP-7 had only 9 Kbytes of memory
and they needed a larger computer.
 AT&T agreed to give them one if they
would write a word-processing
system.
 They agreed and got a PDP-11 which
had 24 Kbytes of memory.
Unix was first launched in 1971
1973 Dennis Ritchie wrote the C
Programming language and UNIX was
later written in it.
 Both UNIX and C were designed to be
portable and run on any machine
which is a major reason they were
succesful.
Major Components
of UNIX
Kernal – Master program
 Shell – Interprets user
commands and passes
them to the Kernal
 File System – UNIX
organizes information and
stores them in groups
called directories
 Utilities – Specialized
operating system programs
included with standard
UNIX

Obtaining a UNIX
Account

Visit the CS web site at this
URL
http://system.cs.fsu.edu/info/newuser/index.html

If you have not already
done so, create and setup
a UNIX account on the
CS Department System.