Transcript Atlas Healthy Environment: results exploratory study

Atlas Healthy Environment:
results exploratory study
Brigit Staatsen, Yonne Mulder, Wim Swart, Tilly
Fast, Cor Melse, Caroline vd Veerdonk, Cindy
Vros, Erik Lebret
Presentation
• Objectives, pilot
• Information in Atlas:
environmental quality, health
• Web- and GIS technology
• Discussion: link with RIF
Product: Atlas
Demonstrator
(prototype)
Objectives Atlas
• Improve access to information on environment and
health for citizens (data and information on
measures/actions)
• Dissemination of information (fit-to-purpose) for
professionals: for research or to formulate, monitor en
evaluate policy goals (data and tools).
Atlas is a webbased ‘platform’, allowing easy exchange
and presentation of geographical and textual
information, as well as ínteraction and discussion
(’communities’)
Prior conditions pilot study
• Relevant information for
users (in-depth user
consultations)
• No central database, data at
source
• Quality (metadata)
• Comparability of data
• Spatial level: postal code or
dwelling
• National coverage
• Open source and web 2.0
technology
Pilot-study
Pilot partners
1. Two cities
2. Regional Environmental agency
3. Four Provinces
4. National organizations and ministries
5. Various expert groups (environmental experts, health services etc),…
Limited number of environmental themes and indicators
1. Air quality (yearly average) -PM10 en NOx
2. Noise (road and rail) - Lden en Lnight
3. Green areas – availability and accessibility
Environmental data in the Atlas: some
experiences
Ideal situation:
• One model
• One method
• Uniform cut-off value
• Sufficient coverage (national, provincial, local roads)
• Availability of metadata (calculation method etc)
In practice:
Noise - different cut-off levels
40 dB
Legenda
Geluidcontouren provinciale wegen
TO_
0 - 50 dB
50 - 55 dB
55 - 60 dB
60 - 65 dB
65 - 70 dB
Overijssel
50 dB
Gelderland
Road networks: different coverage
Some provinces do not have
data for complete road
network
Air pollution (NO2): Gelderland 25 x 25 m grid
Air pollution:
Overijssel
1 distance
Natonal Collaboration programme Air quality
National reporting tool:
• Legal obligation for municipalities to deliver data
• Central calculation
Advantage:
• Harmonised data
Disadvantages:
• Resolution not sufficient
• Discussion about emission factors (predictions)
• Difficult to present other data – legal implications
Conclusions environmental data
• Resolution national models or monitoring systems not
sufficient
• Use local data if available
• Large differences in methods/presentation
• Harmonise where possible:
- Use European noise metrics Lden , Lnight
- Uniform presentation, cut-off values
• Explanation of the data ( instructions linked to maps) essential:
- How to use the data
- Calculation method
- Uncertainties
Environmental health information in
Atlas: conditions for selection
• Simple to understand
• Clear relation environmental quality
• Easy to generate
• Reliable
• Meaningful for different users
• Data availability
Options
a.
Environmental quality (concentrations)
b.
Environmental risk indicators (Air Quality Health Index,
GES)
c.
Health indicators (morbidity, mortality)
d.
Integrated health indicators (bijv. DALY/QALY)
e.
Perception indicators
Suitable for Atlas:
a. Environmental quality – Limit values
-
citizen: perspective for action
professional: evaluation policy
b. Environmental risk indicators - GES-method (Fast et al,
2009):
- basis environmental quality and limit values
- assessment of health effects/risks
- environmental quality categories, colors indicate magnitude of
the risk
- harmonised colors for different exposures
c. Specific
health indicators: annoyance/sleep disturbance,
satisfaction living environment (survey data)
Not/less suitable for presentation Atlas:
c. Mortality/morbidity data
-
Influence of other risk factors than environment
-
Not available at postal code level (privacy)
d. Integrated Health indicators (DALY/QALY)
-
Not easy to understand
-
Many uncertainties, especially local scale
-
But: gives indication of impact cumulative exposures
Example: combination colors, labels
and textual information
Lucht
kwaliteit
NO2
Concen
tratie
(µg/m3)
Matig
Zeer matig
Onvoldoende
Zeer
onvoldoende
20 - 30
30 - 40
40 - 50
≥ 50
Gemiddeld Nl
Norm (40)
Luchtverontreiniging en gezondheid
Kortdurende hoge blootstelling aan fijn stof kan gezondheidseffecten veroorzaken bij mensen die er gevoelig voor zijn. Denk aan
hoesten en benauwdheid en verergering van luchtwegklachten. Mensen met bestaande luchtwegaandoeningen of met hart- en
vaatziekten behoren tot de gevoeligste groepen. De klachten verdwijnen meestal weer zodra de concentratie van fijn stof in de
lucht daalt.
Langdurige blootstelling aan fijn stof kan leiden tot gezondheidseffecten zoals verminderde longfunctie, verergering van
luchtwegklachten en vroegtijdige sterfte aan luchtwegklachten en hart- en vaatziekten.
Possible application Air Quality Health Index
(based on 24-hrs levels and mortality risk):
Source: Stieb et al, 2008; Marten Marra, 2008
Luchtkwaliteitsgezondheidsindex
Regio Noord
donderdag 10 april 2008
16:05:20
Matig
Risico
4
> Risicogroepen en gevoelige individuen:
Adviezen, informatie, etc. behorend bij deze AQHI
> Algemene bevolking:
Adviezen, informatie, etc. behorend bij deze AQHI
Vooruitzichten
Vandaag
6 Matig Risico
Morgen
2
Laag Risico
Wie behoren tot de risicogroepen en gevoelige individuen?
.. Tekst ..
Conclusions health information Atlas
• Use harmonised colors and text labels, expressing the risk
• No health data, but use risk information epidemiologic studies
• Health information in text, if possible kwantitatively related to
environmental category (eg % annoyance)
• Add data on short-term exposures (daily levels air quaity) , test
suitability/feasibiity AQHI
• LInk to existing health atlases
• Use standardised survey data (eg. National Monitor Public
Health)
Mobiel
Toepassingen
Browser
Web
services
Desktop
Viewer
Kantoor
toepassing
Webservice
Webservice
Webservice
Bronnen
Webservice
WebserviceWebservice
Atlas of the Living Environment
Atlas Demonstrator: Web Application Issues
Atlas in European context: INSPIRE
• Framework of the infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe
• INSPIRE aims at making available relevant, harmonised and
quality geographic information to support formulation,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and
activities which have a direct or indirect impact on the
environment.
• INSPIRE prescribes the National Geo Information Structure (GII)
• INSPIRE is based on a service oriented architecture (SOA)
• Based on ISO standard (19000-series) en OGC standard
• Focussed at Geocoded Information
Principles relevant for Atlas Demonstrator:
- Keep Data at Source & reuse of information
- Combination of different types geographic information
- Transparancy about availability, usability, costs and restrictions
- Implementation program Netherland 2008-2013
Inspire: professionals & citizens
SOA & Webservices
Mobiel
Applications
Desktop
Viewer
Specific
applications (Atlas RIF)
Browser
Web services
Webservice
Webservice
Webservice
Different Sources
Webservice
Webservice
Webservice
Service Oriented Architecture
SOA is an application architecture that represents well-defined software
functionality as discoverable services on the network, whose goal is to
achieve loose coupling among interacting software agents.
• SOA: software architectuur model, no technologie
• Characteristics:
-
Re-use legacy systems
Modularity and flexibility
Controllability
-
Separation of concerns
Protection - Firewall
Interoperability
• SOA systems mostly consists of 2 types components
-
Services, components which offer specific services (examples)
Enterprise Service Bus, components
which manage the exchange of information between services.
Organising Services & Webportal:
Publish-Find-Bind Principle
Users:
Professional
Citizens
Publish GIS data and services
Geonovum
Atlas Lining Environment
RO online
Document in catalog
GIS Web
Services
Portals
Data
Servers
FTP
Data
Data
Service Catalog
NGR
Atlas
Harvesting CSW of
Data Providers
Architecture Atlas Demonstrator
Atlas Demonstrator
Home Page Atlas Demonstrator
1) Viewing: Example Local Air Quality
2) Comparing Functionality:
regions and timetrends
2006
2007
3) Environmental Health Information:
download centre & embeddables
4) Web 2.0 applications in Atlas:
• Web 2.0 basic concept: interaction
• Characteristics of communication policy of Dutch Governement
- democratic principles
- innovation
- not data-driven (top down)
- but citizen cq audience-driven (bottom up)
- personal focus
- receptivity
- transparancy
• Source: MinBZK, okt 2008
4) Groups & Participation Functionality
(working groups (private or public domain), carthographic
functionality, exchange of information, user generated content)
• Dashboard
• Kenmerken
• Alle kaarten
- De kaartenbak
• Mijn kaarten
- Bewerken en bewaren van kaarten
• Buurtkaart
- Nog niet geimplementeerd
Next steps Atlas
• Decision further development (spring 2009)
• Construction Atlas (2009- 2010);
- Addition data existing themes
- Platform to construct /exchange maps,
tools & population data
- Addition of new themes
- More participants & of course: real users
Points for discussion
Atlas may facilitate the accessibility and exchange of
(harmonized) data on environmental quality,
demographics, geographical information and (limited)
health, as well as tools.
Can it support /facilitate spatial analysis of routinely
collected environment and health data – sentinel
function?
Suggestions for future directions?
Enterprise Service Bus
Order out of Chaos