Transcript Document 7735045

What are the major elements of
a map?
• Scale
• Conventional
signs
• Grid reference
• Title
Scale
• Scale 1:20,000
• 1cm = 20,000cm = 200m = 0.2km
•
1:20,000
5 cm
5 1: 20,000

10
1: X
10 cm
Grid reference
12
27
28
29
13
14
Grid
square
1328
Grid
reference
What does a map tell us?
• location
• land use
• relief
• communication
• drainage
• vegetation
Favourable conditions
contour
Flat land,
space for expansion
Swamp
Fluvial sand
Motorway,
railway
Cheap land formed
naturally
Good transport
Coastal
location
Facilitates import and
export
Environmental problems
• Oil refinery(710950)
• Accidental oilspill, leakage
• Affect wildlife of the neighbouring
area
• Extension sedimentation found along
the lower course of the R. Neath
(
) and the shore
• Imply low water energy
• Cannot flush away pollutant coming
from the factories
• Industrial areas are found quite
near to other urban uses
• e.g. NW of Port Tabort
• e.g. the steel works to the west of
Margam
• Cause air and noise pollution
• Industrial development impair the
recreational activities
• e.g. golf course at 723934
• beach along the coastal sand
• Air pollutants concentrate in the
constricted Neath River Valley
• Onshore winds pass over industrial
area enter Neath River Valley
Intra-urban location
C
A
A
B B
A
C
D
1:2,000,000
C.B.D.
Harbour
B
C
D
D
C
river
D
City
boundary
Railway
Group A :
• Locate near to C.B.D.
• they have strong linkages with central
business
• e.g. Printing, office machines
• market is the whole of the city and its
immediate hinterland. e.g. newspaper
• They usually occupy small area therefore
they can bear the high unit rent
• Inertia is also one of the reason of
location
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•
•
•
•
•
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Group B :
Water-front location
Port facilities related e.g. ship repairing
Easy import and export by water transport
Involve heavy and bulky raw materials and
products
e.g. oil refinery
raw materials brought from other regions or
overseas are needed
Heavy industries
Cheap coastal lowland
Industrial inertia
•
•
•
•
Group D :
Locate on the urban fringe or suburb
there is much space
and the rent and rates are lower
Industries which involve long production
line are space consuming
• newly developed industrial estates or
industrial park
• Offensive industries / pollution
• Relocated from inner urban
• e.g. cement, food processing
Group C :
• Random location
• Footloose industries
• No strong location pull
Creating Flatland
• grid square 1326 – reclaim land from
sea
• because the site is shallow water and
sheltered
• Grid square 1325 - leveling of the
round top hill
• because it is lower in height and easier
to be removed,
• and the rocks / debris can be easily
transported to the bay for reclamation
Impact on physical environment
• Destruction of woodland and the
scenic spot on the round top hill
• Destruction of the beach
• Reclamation of the bay and cutting
down of the round top hill
• Create a lot of dust
• Polluting the sea water and the river
• Generating harmful effect on the zone
of marine fish culture
• Generating a lot of noise
Impact on socio-economic
environment
• No more holiday makers come here
• The services relating to visitors would
be seriously affected
• The local residents would be forced to
change their jobs and move houses
• The income from marine fish culture
would be seriously affected
• The village would be demolished
Proposed industrial estate
• grid square 1326 and 1426
• southwest is the prevailing wind,
the site is on the downwind side
the strong offshore current could
help to drain away the industrial
waste from the factories to the
open sea
Support development
• appreciation of land value
• more job opportunities
• a better living standard in the
future
• improving communication network
with the city centre
• better facilities and infrastructure
•
Against development
• the natural environment would be
destroyed
• the existing business concerning
holiday makers and marine fish
culture would be the seriously
affected
• the environment familiar to the
local inhabitants would be changed
• the lifestyle would also be changed
• the village would be demolished