Transcript Hydrology Midterm Review

Hydrology Midterm
Review
Runoff is rainfall that
A.
B.
C.
D.
Evaporates immediately
Soaks into the soil
Flows over the ground surface
Falls directly into the ocean
The land area that supplies water
to a river system is called a
A.
B.
C.
D.
Watershed
Tributary
Divide
Stream
An increase in the amount of water in
a river usually causes the river to
A.
B.
C.
D.
Flow faster
Flow more slowly
Become shallower
Deposit sediments
Which of the following could cause a
river to flood?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Colder than normal spring
temperatures
A period of less rain than usual in an
area
An increased volume of water
entering the river channel
Natural levees forming alongside the
river
A lake can be formed in all the
following ways EXCEPT by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Water collecting in a hollow left by
melting ice
Water filling the crater of a volcano
A dam blocking the flow of a river
Water flowing quickly through a
narrow channel
A lake that stores water for human
use is called a(n)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Reservoir
Dam
Oxbow lake
Pond
The ice sheet that covers Antarctica
is one form of a(n)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Glacier
Iceberg
Levee
Wetland
Materials that allow water to easily
pass through them are
A.
B.
C.
D.
Permeable
Impermeable
Saturated
unsaturated
Which of the following does NOT
affect the amount of runoff?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Whether the land is flat or hilly
The nature of the ground surface
The distance from the ocean to
where the rain falls
The rate of rainfall
A river system is made up of a river
and its
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sediments
Divides
Runoff
Tributaries
The many small streams that come
together at the source of a river are
called the
A.
B.
C.
D.
Headwaters
Mouth
Divides
Deltas
Wetlands are popular breeding spots
for birds because of their sheltered
waters and
A.
B.
C.
D.
Large supply of nutrients
Thick layer of mud
Lack of insects
Ability to prevent floods
Many large cities grew up on rivers or
coasts because people used the
water for
A.
B.
C.
D.
Agriculture
Household use
Transportation
Recreation
Approximately what percentage of
Earth’s water is fresh water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
97 percent
71 percent
30 percent
3 percent
Plants use water to make food in a
process called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Irrigation
Agriculture
Photosynthesis
Groundwater
Water that fills the cracks and spaces
underground soil and rock layers is
called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Salt water
Rainwater
Groundwater
Water vapor
A water molecule is made up
of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Two hydrogen atoms bonded to an
oxygen atom
Two hydrogen atoms bonded
together
Two oxygen atoms bonded to a
hydrogen atom
Two oxygen atoms bonded together
Because water consists of polar
molecules
A.
B.
C.
D.
Most of it is found at the North and
South poles
Water molecules tend to stick
together
It falls as sleet or snot when
temperatures are cold
It can be attracted using a magnet
The gaseous form of water is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Rain
Snow
Salt water
Water vapor
A mixture that forms when one
substance dissolves another is called
a
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solution
Solvent
Solute
Molecule
Most of Earth’s fresh water is found in
A.
B.
C.
D.
Huge masses of ice near the North
and South poles
Cracks and spaces in underground
rock and soil
The oceans
Rivers and lakes
Water is often called the universal
solvent because
A.
B.
C.
D.
It can cling to the fibers of paper and
cloth
It dissolves so many substances
It exists in all three states on Earth
Its frozen form floats on its liquid
form
The process by which a gas changes
into a liquid is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Evaporation
Condensation
Melting
Freezing
Tightness across the surface of water that
is caused by polar molecules pulling on
each other is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Surface tension
Capillary action
Condensation
Polar action
When water evaporates, it becomes a
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Solvent
The combined force of attraction among
water molecules and with the molecules of
surrounding materials is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Surface tension
Capillary action
Evaporation
Polar action
Water that falls to Earth as rain, snow,
sleet or hail is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Condensation
Evaporation
Precipitation
Transpiration
Plants use water to
A.
B.
C.
D.
Release as a waste product
Keep the total amount of water on
Earth constant
Grow and produce food
Make clouds
What happens to water that animals
drink?
A.
B.
C.
D.
All of it stays in their systems until
they die
It is eventually released back into
the environment as a waste product
It is not needed, so it is released
immediately
It leaves the water cycle
Which of the following substances
does NOT dissolve in water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Salt
Sugar
Rubbing alcohol
Wax
Non-polar molecules
A.
B.
C.
D.
Have no charged regions
Attract polar molecules
Dissolve well in water
Are found in water
If you let your hair air-dry after going
swimming, you are taking advantage
of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Evaporation
Condensation
Melting
Freezing
Fish can live in lakes during the
winter because
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ice does not float on liquid water
Ice is less dense than liquid water
Fish can survive being frozen solid
Ice melts at temperatures higher
than 10 degrees Celsius
Water is the only substance on
Earth that
A.
B.
C.
D.
Commonly exists in all of its different
states
Freezes at very low temperatures
Boils at very high temperatures
Exists in the liquid state
The continuous process by which
water moves through the living and
nonliving parts of the environment is
called the
A.
B.
C.
D.
Water cycle
Evaporation cycle
Condensation cycle
Precipitation cycle
The total amount of water on
Earth
A.
B.
C.
D.
Is increasing
Is fairly constant
Is decreasing
Depends on the weather
The pH of water is a measure of its
A.
B.
C.
D.
Saltiness
Acidity
Color
Cloudiness
A drought is a long period of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Heavy, damaging rains
Unusually hot weather
Less rainfall than normal
Rain coming late in the year
Using water wisely to avoid
wasting it is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Desalination
Distribution
Conservation
Irrigation
A specific source of pollution that
can be identified is called
A.
B.
C.
D.
Point sources
Non-point sources
Runoff
Sewage
A type of water pollution that is
caused by smoke and exhaust is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sewage
Heat pollution
Acid rain
Road runoff
Pesticides are most likely to be
found in runoff from
A.
B.
C.
D.
Roads
Farm fields
Homes
Factories
A pollutant often found in road
runoff is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sewage
Pesticides
Oil
Industrial chemicals
Which of the following are NOT a
common source of drinking water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Glaciers
Rivers
Reservoirs
Aquifers