Transcript Chapter 7: Deceleration Behaviour Therapy PSYC4030 6.0D

Chapter 7:
Deceleration Behaviour
Therapy
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
Differential Reinforcement
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1.
2.
3.
4.
Higher incompatibility leads to more
effective treatment
Of incompatible behaviours
Of competing behaviours
Of other (any) behaviours
Of Low Response Rates (Shaping)
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
Differential: Other Types
5. Non-contingent reinforcement:
Satiation and extinction
6. Functional communication training
(Assertion): Alternating ways of
conveying desire for reinforcer
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
Consequential Deceleration
• Directly affecting the frequency of the
target behaviour
• Or making the consequences
undesirable
• Involves reinforcement and/or
punishment
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
1. Extinction
• Identifying and removing reinforcers
• “Time out from positive reinforcement”
Problems
a. Slow working
b. Extinction bursts
c. Little transfer, high specificity
d. High rate of spontaneous recovery
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
Extinction:
The Ferber Technique
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Using extinction to stop babies from
crying
Attention from parents is a reinforcer
Uses “time out” method
Ferber link:
http://www.babycenter.com/refcap/baby/babysleep/7755.html#2
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
2. Response Cost
• Removing items or privileges
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Personal possessions, time, money
• Relatively effective technique for
children and adults
• High familiarity to the “real-world”
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
3. Overcorrection
a. Restitution: making amends for
damage done
b. Positive (over)practice: exaggerated
performance of appropriate adaptive
behaviour
• The cost of inappropriate behaviour is
exaggerated
• Limited to behaviours that can be
corrected
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
4. Physically Aversive
Consequences
• Use of physical punishment
• Tends to work more quickly than
reinforcement approaches
• First response to situations where there
is physical threat to self or others
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
The downside of physical
punishment…
1. Avoidance (transfer)
2. Aversive emotional responses
3. Perpetuation effects
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In client and change agent
4. Short lasting effectiveness
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
Aversion Therapy
• Uses classical conditioning paradigm
• A strong aversive stimulus is applied
simultaneously to maladaptive
behaviour
• A highly motivated client is required
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
Applying the aversive stimulus
1. Actual application
2. Symbolic exposure
3. Imagery (Covert Sensitization)
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7
Punishment:
Ethical Considerations
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Strong cultural images of punishment
Utility (short and long-term)
Potential for abuse
Will of the client
PSYC4030 6.0D
CBT Chapter 7