Transcript Carbon cycling and optics in the Gulf of Maine: Joe Salisbury

Carbon cycling and optics in the Gulf of Maine:
Observations and Modeling
Joe Salisbury
Doug Vandemark
Janet Campbell
Fei Chai
Huijie Xue
Amala Mahatavan
Wade McGillis
QuickT ime ™an d a
TIFF ( Uncomp res sed) deco mpre ssor
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Goal:
Reduce uncertainty in
carbon flux estimates in the
Gulf of Maine
-Air-sea
-Land-Coast
-Ocean-Coast
Gulf of Maine and associated watersheds (left)
UNH monthly transects (right)
Observations
UNH Field Component
R/V Gulf Challenger
Profilers for IOPs ,
AOPs, and CTD
Fast-rate CO2
equilibrator
Flo-thru pCO2, oxygen,
IOPs, GTD, and CTD
Infrared CO2
gas analyzer
Spatial variability in continuous measurements
Temporal (Interannual) Variability:
Mean cross-shelf pCO2 for June-July
2004
2005
Air - sea interaction at Wilkinson Basin
D pCO2 (left), net flux (right)
Annual flux = 12 to 20 gC/m2
Range set by K600 of Wanninkhof (1992) vs. Wanninkhof
and McGillis (1999)
Modeling Efforts
Xue et al., CSR, in press
Modeled DIC (top) and Temperature (bottom) variability
Mahatavan et al, GBC (2004)
OPA model based on [Madec et al. [1999]]
Carbon, Silicate, Nitrogen Ecosystem Model
CoSiNE, Chai et al. 2002; Dugdale et al. 2002
MicroZooplankton
[Z1]
Grazing
Small
Phytoplankton
[P1]
Mesozooplankton
[Z2]
Lost
Detritus-N
[DN]
Sinking
Ammonium
[NH4]
Detritus-Si
[DSi]
Sinking
Chai et al., DSR 1996
Dissolution
Nitrate
[NO3]
N-Uptake
Grazing
Fecal
Pellet
Total CO2
[TCO2]
NO3
Uptake
Iron
Excretion
Fecal
Pellet
Biological
Uptake
NH4
Uptake
Predation
Air-Sea
Exchange
Iron
Si-Uptake
Silicate
[Si(OH)4]
Iron
Advection
& Mixing
Diatoms
[P2]
Sinking
Physical
Model
Comparison between Model result and
SeaWiFS data, April 2004
Modeled Surface
Chlorophyll
SeaWiFS Derived
Chlorophyll
SeaWiFS Chlorophyll
Climatology April (1998 - 2004)
3
7
6
4
2
5
1
8
Time series comparison
Georges Bank (1)
Wilkinson Basin (5)
SeaWiFS
EMCC
WMCC
Model
High Resolution
Circulation Modeling
and Remote Sensing
Gulf of Maine Circulation Model (H. Xue, UMO)
Sea Surface Salinity (psu)
(3/17/05 1000 EST)
31
20
Gulf of Maine Circulation Model (H. Xue, UMO)
Sea Surface Temp (oC)
8
2
MODIS Assessment of pCO2
pCO2 (matm)
(3/17/05 1030 EST)
550
350
Net Ecosystem Metabolism (mg L-1 d -1 ) 3/17/05 1000EST
Estimated from:
Modeled Alkalinity
MODIS pCO2
Modeled DIC
15
0
-15
NEM (mg L-1 d -1 ) estimate on 3/17/05 based on modeled alkalinity and DICB derived by satellite-retrieved
pCO2 and modeled SST and SSS. n=126 RSME= 5.7 (mg L-1 d -1 ) , r2= 0.59
Carbon and optics
IOP and SST variability versus pCO2
pCO2 retrieval based on
classification of optical provinces
Final comments:
Off to a good start - team assembled,
growing database of quality measurements
Modeling and remote sensing of carbon
parameters encouraging
Budgets and error estimates forthcoming
The end - thanks
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Quic kT i me™ and a
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