Transcript Planning Workshop Fresno PD’s Mobile Broadband Network OneBrowardNetwork

OneBrowardNetwork Planning Workshop
Fresno PD’s Mobile Broadband Network
Project Lead:
Organization:
Country:
Capt. P. W. Rhames
Fresno Police Dept.
Fresno, Ca. USA
Date:
1/31/2006
Presenter: Capt. P. W. Rhames
Email: [email protected]
Web site: www.fresno.gov
Background
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Geographic
• 105 sq. miles
• On the floor of the San Joaquin Valley, Central California
– Terrain is “flat as a pancake”
• 475,000 population
– California’s 6th largest city
• Pervasive, dense tree canopy
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Police Department vitals
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Current Mobile DataCom network
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825 sworn members
408 non sworn
250 PD vehicles data capable
35 Fire vehicle data capable
140-160 units on the network at peak times
5 channel 800MHz mobile data system
3 tower infrastructure
9.2 Kbps
Excellent propagation
Current IT infrastructure
• PD has dedicated 100 Mbps WAN, T1’s and Fiber Optics
• Fiber Optic connections to City Hall and County WAN
Project History
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Impetus
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Need to augment existent Mobile DataCom System
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Key players
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Saturation at workload peaks resulting in slowdown
Does not meet Calif. DOJ encryption requirements
Does not support more intensive usage
Inadequate throughput for future
Mayor
US COPS Office
Fresno City Council
County of Fresno
Fresno Unified Flood Control District
$750K COPS Technology grant 2002
Current status (1/30/2006)
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Equipment delivered, configured & installed
Site surveys completed
Vehicle installations completed
Coverage testing in progress
Fine tuning of roaming in progress
Developing plan to connect motorcycles
Mission & Objectives
• Mission statement:
– To increase the capacity
and the effectiveness of
Police Department’s data
communication system.
• Project Objectives:
– Eliminate slowdowns
– Connection outside
vehicle (PDA)
– Connect motorcycle and
detectives to CAD
– Encryption
– Video Policing
– Ad Hoc worksite
connections
– System redundancy
– Ease of maintenance
– Incremental build out
– Roaming
– Foundation of Regional
Mobile DataComm
Network
Possible Solutions
• Available alternatives:
– Business models
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Upgrade current system
Lease from commercial carriers
Acquire additional licensed spectrum
Private broadband network (utilizing unlicensed spectrum)
– Network technology
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GSM/GPRS/EDGE or equivalent
IP over Radio (narrowband)
IEEE 802.11 (micro-)cells
Wi-Fi mesh solutions
Proprietary macro-cells (pre-WiMAX)
– Software solutions
• RadioIP
• PadCom
• ... or equivalent
Business Model
• Role of various stakeholders
• US DOJ COPS Office
– Provide the funding
• PD
– Define the needs
– Install majority of the hardware
• IBM
– Design the solution
– Tune the software
– Insure the solution works as designed
• Targeted users:
– Current
• PD Personnel (Closed system)
– Future
• Allied agencies (Regional Mobile DataCom System)
• Business Community / Schools (Enhanced crime information)
• Partnerships:
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City/Feds
City/Vendors (IBM & Data911)
City/County
City/Fresno Unified Flood Control District
Project Economics
• Cost structure
– $750K = System hardware and Software
– $100K
• Installation labor
• Antennae
• Investment Sources/ Funding Sources
– How is the project funded
• US DOJ COPS Technology Grant = $750K
• City of Fresno General Fund >= $100K
The “Journey”: Grant to Contract
• First RFP
• Wrote tightly limiting specs of the system based on what we thought
we wanted
• Required a demonstration of proposed system
• Four vendor responses
– All 802.11b cell systems
• All miserable failures
• Second RFP
– Rewrote our specs
• Defined performance standards
– Minimum 100 Kbps throughput
– 90% connectivity on major thoroughfares
– 1% downtime
– Asked the industry to recommend a solution
• Required a second demonstration
The “Journey” (cont’d)
• Responses from eight vendors
– More 802.11b cell systems (customized)
– Wi-Fi mesh technology
– IBM/Alvarion’s 900 MHz macro-cell / Wi-Fi hybrid
• Only a mesh solution and IBM/Alvarion qualified
for demonstration
• Chosen alternative:
– IBM/Alvarion’s 5.8GHz / 900MHz / 2.4GHz hybrid
Mesh Solution
• Pros
– Met all basic requirements
– “Self Healing”
– Roam via PadCom Software
• Cons
– Expensive
• Access point every ¼ mi.
• Could not use existent infrastructure
• 25% coverage for available funds (optimistic)
– Limited by LOS
• Did not penetrate into neighborhoods
– Required power to street light mounting
– Could not “see” over freeway elevations
– Could not guarantee performance in large concentration of
vehicles
IBM/Alvarion Hybrid
(5.8GHz / 900MHz / 2.4GHz Overlay Concept)
• Pros
– Met all basic requirements
• Including 256 bit AES encryption
– Much less expensive
• Use existent infrastructure
• Larger Cells, fewer access points
• 52% coverage for available funds
– Roams between networks (WECM)
– Propagates into neighborhoods
• Not as limited by LOS
– Allows “portable” cell sites
– Allows foundation for portable video sites
– Incorporates interference filtering
• Cons
– Required a sole source acquisition process
Applications
• Current Applications (Data911)
• CAD (Unit recommendation tied to AVL)
• AVL (Automated Vehicle Location) GPS
– Geo-coded units and calls
– In Vehicle Mapping
• Automated Field Reporting (RPW)
– RMS
• Photos
• Messaging
• Pocket RPW (wired version)
• Future/Potential Applications
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Streaming Video
Video Policing
VOIP
Wireless “Handheld” Connection
– Notebooks for motorcycle personnel
• Automated Traffic Citation process
– Data pushed to County Courts
– Citation auto-mailed to violator
• Dual computers in same vehicle
Deployment
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Timeline: past, current & future
• Phase One
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March 28, 2005 = Signed contract/started work
Scheduled completion = February 28, 2006
• Phase Two
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Currently identifying funding
Deployment specifics
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Phase One
• Use of existing infrastructure
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Phase Two
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4 City Towers, 1 County tower, 1 FUFCD Tower, 1 Precinct, 2 Fire stations
2 School towers and one City Park Tower in progress
T1’s to Microwave (funded by UASI Grant)
52% coverage of City (busiest area)
Available allied agency towers
Traffic Department’s Fiber Optics network
Schools
Business community structures
Build new towers
Replace T1’s with Radio Back Haul
Sustainability and Scalability of the project
• Very scalable
• Sustained by public funding
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Grants, Asset seizures, General Fund
Why Unlicensed Spectrum
• Needed immediate performance improvement
• Needed encryption
– No new mnemonics
• Did not want to wait for licensing process;
interested in more than “narrowband” data
• Did not believe we could justify additional
frequencies
• Site survey revealed little interference
• Consumer 900MHz use is declining
Role for 4.9GHz Spectrum
• 4.9GHz mesh solution / micro-cell solution
likely more expensive than 2.4GHz
– Consider funding (!)
– Consider coverage (!)
• 4.9GHz ideal to backhaul 900MHz mobile
cell-sites, buildings (T1-replacement),
fixed cameras, etc.
Impact Analysis
• Anticipated Impacts
– Phase One
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Significantly increase efficiency.
Significantly increase effectiveness
Optimize value of current infrastructure
Catalyst for regional mobile data connectivity
Lessons Learned & Next Steps
• Lessons Learned
• Should have done first as we did in the second RFP
– Stick to identifying needs
– Don’t spec what you don’t know
– Allow the industry to provide solution ideas
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Vendors exaggerate or promise what they can’t deliver
The demos were the smartest thing we did
Take advantage of collaborative infrastructure
Building “new concepts” takes much longer than planned
• Next Steps
• Find funding for remainder
• Find infrastructure
End
Fresno Police Department
IBM/Alvarion
Demo Network
BA VL 5.8GHz Sub Unit w/dir ant
BA II 900MHz Base Station w/omni ant
at NW corner of Ashlan & Marks
60 ft antenna height
FH
BA VL 5.8GHz BS w/dir ant
BA II 900MHz BS w/omni ant
on Police Precinct House
at Dakota & Hughes
70 ft antenna height
192.168.0.X
WECM Server on IBM B50
pSeries w/FIPS 140-2
Compliant AES 256 Bit
Encryption
10.2.1.X
Hz
OF
DM
0M
GH
z
90
5.
8
BA II 900 Sub Unit w/dir ant
BA II 900MHz Base Station w/omni ant
on Sante Fe St.
25 ft antenna height
5.8
GH
z
OF
DM
BA VL 5.8GHz Sub Unit w/dir ant
BA II 900MHz Base Station w/omni ant
on Fire Station at Clinton & Fruit
35 ft antenna height
iPAQ w/WECM Client,
FIPS 140-2 Compliant AES 256
Bit Encryption
Firewall Port 8889
open for UDP
900MHz FH
2.4 GHz WiFi
In-Car Network
Ethernet
900MHz Alvarion
BA-II Radio
FTP Server
Data911 Computer w/WECM Client,
FIPS 140-2 Compliant AES 256 Bit
Encryption
WECM
BreezeACCESS VL
Base Station
F/W
WECM server maintains IP
session persistence in weak
RF areas and encrypts data
w/AES 256 bit encryption
(5.8 MHz)
Up to 30Mbps throughput;
5-10 mile range typical
BreezeACCESS 900
Base Station
(900 MHz)
Cell Handover
BreezeACCESS 900
Base Station
Up to 1.5Mbps throughput;
(900 MHz)
2~5 mile range typical
Wi-Fi Hotspot
(2.4 GHz)
Area Views
Medium Level of Trees,
30 – 60 ft. High
Network Schematic
Installations For Trial
Main Base
station
900 MHz
Cell Extenders
Equipped Police Car
BA 900 SU Radio
5 dBi Omni
Connectivity to
the System,
outside the Patrol
Vehicle.
Up to 300 ft. LOS
and 100 ft. Inside
common structure
Getty
sburg
Fruit
Valen
tine
Test Area Coverage
Clint
on
The test area inside the black square is 2 miles by 2
miles. The shaded areas show the tested coverage.
The blue points are the cell locations.
Coverage Map
Revised Map Coverage