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Internet2:
Implications for Higher
Education
Douglas Van Houweling
President & CEO -- UCAID
Overview
History
Today’s Internet
Barriers to Progress
Internet2
Advanced Internet Projects
Applications
Network Requirements and Abilene
Implications
Comments & Questions
History
ARPAnet origins
1987 -- NSFnet
• Privatization in 1995
Higher ed planning in 1995/1996
• Are our research and education needs
being met by today’s internet?
Today’s Internet
Growing at 10 - 15% per month
Challenges to higher education
• The “world wide wait”
• Human interaction awkward
Virtual meetings and seminars
Shared authoring
Browsing publications
• Distributed large scale computing and data base
efforts not feasible
Today’s Internet
Inadequate for mission-critical
applications
• Authentication
• “Best efforts” not good enough
Intranets and Extranets instead
• Match capacity and demand
• Provide a more secure environment
• Don’t reach the public at large, though!
Barriers to Progress
Providers swamped attempting to
match capacity to demand
Advanced applications can’t be
deployed
No large scale development
environment available
Negative-sum competitive
environment inhibits investment
Commercialization
Privatization
21st Century
Networking
SprintLink
InternetMCI
Agency
Networks
ANS
Interoperable
High Performance
Research &Education
Networks
ARPAnet
Active
Nets
wireless
WDM
gigabit
testbeds
Research and
Development
NSFNET
Quality of Service
(QoS)
Internet2, Abilene, vBNS
ESNET, NREN, DREN
Partnerships
The Establishment of Internet2
10/96 -- I2 organizing meeting
• 34 institutions signed up
• Membership commitment
$25,000/year in membership dues
I2 connectivity and campus upgrades
9/97 -- University Corporation for
Advanced Internet Development
• Home of Internet2 and Abilene
• Offices in Washington, DC and Ann
Arbor, MI
UCAID Organization &
Budget
University CEO’s are voting
representatives for regular members
Structured as an agile organization
capable of responding to rapid change.
4 Councils with Board seats
•
•
•
•
Applications
Policy & Operations
Network Research
Industry
Member dues provide income base
UCAID Board
Chair -- David Ward -- Chancellor, University of
Wisconsin/Madison
Henry Bienen -- President, Northwestern University
William Bowen -- President, Mellon Foundation
Molly Corbett Broad -- President, University of North Carolina
Larry Faulkner -- President, University of Texas/Austin
Steven Sample -- President, University of Southern California
Graham Spanier -- President, Penn State University
Gary Augustson -- Chair, Network Planning and Policy Council
Tom DiFanti -- Chair, Applications Strategy Council
Larry Landweber -- Chair, Network Research Liaison Council
Doug Van Houweling -- President and CEO
Internet2 Project Goals
Enable new generation of applications
Re-create leading edge R&E network
capability
Transfer capability to the global
production Internet
Internet2 Universities
133 as of September 1998
University of Puerto Rico not shown
Internet2 Corporate Partners
3Com
Lucent Technologies
Advanced Network MCI Worldcom
& Services, Inc.
Newbridge Networks
AT&T
Nortel Networks
Cabletron Systems Qwest
Communications
Cisco Systems
FORE
IBM
StarBurst
Communications
Internet2 Corporate Sponsors
Bell South
Packet Engines
SBC Technology
Resources
StorageTek
Torrent
Technologies
Internet2 Corporate Members
Alcatel Telecom
Ameritech
Apple Computers
AppliedTheory
Bell Atlantic
Bellcore
British Telecom
Deutsche Telekom
GTE Internetworking
Hitachi
IXC Communications
KDD
Nexabit Networks
Nokia Research Center
Novell
Pacific Bell
RR Donnelley
Siemens
Sprint
StorageTek
Sun Microsystems
Sylvan
Learning
Telebeam
Williams
Communications
Internet2 GigaPoPs
Advanced Internet
Projects
Next Generation Internet (NGI)
• Focused on:
Federal mission agency needs
Maintaining US Internet leadership
Internet2
• Focused on:
Higher education needs
Moving the public Internet to the next level
Advanced Internet
Projects
The whole is greater than the sum of
the parts
• NGI provides partial financial support for
university Internet2 projects
• Internet2 and NGI coordinate technology
development and deployment
• Industry has strong incentive to implement
resulting capabilities
Advanced Internet Benefits
Richer content through higher
bandwidth
• Video, audio
• Virtual reality
• Dynamic not static
More interactivity via minimal delay
Reliable content delivery through
quality of service model
Applications and Engineering
Applications
Motivate
Enables
Engineering
Internet2 Applications
Deliver qualitative and quantitative
improvements in the conduct of:
• Research
• Teaching
• Learning
Require advanced networking
Many Disciplines and Contexts
Sciences
Arts
Humanities
Health care
Business/Law
Administration
…
Instruction
Collaboration
Streaming video
Distributed
computation
Data mining
Virtual reality
Digital libraries
…
Application Attributes
Interactive
research
collaboration and
instruction
Real-time access
to remote
scientific
instruments
Images courtesy of the
University of Michigan
Attributes, cont.
Large-scale, multisite computation
and database
processing
Shared virtual
reality
Any combination
of the above
Images courtesy of Old Dominion University
and Univ of Illinois-Chicago
American Sign Language
and English Captions
Gallaudet University
Georgetown University
Remote Scanning
Electron Microscope
University of Michigan
Philips XL30
Distributed Image
SpreadSheet
University of MissouriColumbia
3D Brain Mapping:
“Watching the Brain
in Action”
University of Pittsburgh
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center
Upper Atmospheric
Research Collaboratory
University of Michigan
Teleimmersion
Shared virtual
reality
University of
Illinois at
Chicago
Virtual
Temporal
Bone
Images courtesy
Univ of IllinoisChicago
Globally Interconnected
Object Databases
California Institute of
Technology
Real-Time Remote
Surgical Collaboration
Ohio State University
GeoWorlds
USC/ISI
Middleware Challenges
Identify technologies that are
scalable and interoperable
Increase deployment of middleware
technologies as part of a precommercial production environment
Examples:
• Distributed storage
• Video tools
• QoS implementation
Engineering Objectives
Deploy a production network to
support applications R&D
Establish quality of service (QoS)
Support native multicast
Establish gigaPoPs as effective
service points
Abilene Project
Complement vBNS Internet2
backbone
Provide advanced network testbed
Support Internet2 applications
development
Demonstrate next generation
operational and quality of service
capabilities
Create facilities for network
research
Abilene Network
January 1999
Seattle
New York
Sacramento
Denver
Indianapolis
Kansas City
Los Angeles
Atlanta
Abilene Router Node
Abilene Access Node
Operational January 1999
Planned 1999
Houston
Abilene Characteristics
2.4 Gbps (OC48) among gigaPoPs,
increasing to 9.6 Gbps (OC192)
Connections at 622 Mbps (OC12) or
155 Mbps (OC3)
IP over Sonet technology
Access PoPs very close to almost all
of the anticipated university
gigaPoPs
Abilene Schedule
Spring 1998: enrollment discussions
with members
Fall 1998: Demonstation and preproduction
January 1999: Initial group of around
30 members connected
1999: Other members connected as
mutually planned
International Activities
Focus on researcher partnerships
working on advanced applications
Cooperate on QoS, etc. to maintain
global interoperability
Use STARTAP (Science, Technology,
and Research Transit Access Point)
Execute MoU’s with comparable
organizations across the globe
•
•
•
•
Canada
Nordic countries
Netherlands
Others in progress
Current Priorities
Expand and enhance backbone
connectivity
Identify and facilitate first phase
applications development & deployment
Facilitate middleware standardization and
implementation
Support network research
Build international collaboration
opportunities
Result
The Internet and its applications will
subsume other services:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
telephone
mail
television
print news
movie rental
virtual meetings
classroom-based education
advertising and sales
will be universally accessible
Implications
From casual & important uses to
mission-critical uses
From delayed interaction ->
immediate interaction
From regulated media -> less
regulated communication
From mass media (munication?) ->
personalized communication
Interactive electronic communities
will proliferate and thrive
Trend -Information -> Collaboration
Today’s Internet focuses on access
to and delivery of information
Tomorrow’s Internet will support
human collaboration in an
information-rich environment
The Internet is global, and is creating
a global capability to build
knowledge-based communities
Intangible Value
The world is moving from an
economy based on tangibles to one
based on intangibles
• slower growth in physical flows of material
goods & products
• faster growth of ethereal streams of data,
images, and symbols
Supporting human interaction less
constrained by geography & time
Distributed Organizations
VISA International
The Internet
Higher education
• The Internet could have scaled nowhere else
All created to convey intangible
value
All dependent on information and
flexible interorganizational and
interpersonal relationships
Implications for an Internet
World
The future will undoubtedly be
different than we and predict, but we
can observe a powerful confluence:
• intangible value represented in and
transportable though information technology
• increasing success of distributed global
organizations
• an Internet designed to support a world built on
human collaboration in an information-rich
environment
Are We Ready?
We still think about mass
communication, not personal
interaction
We still measure the economy in
terms of tangibles
We still assume organizations are
hierarchical
Can the higher education community
provide the model for our future?
Are We Ready?
The higher education research
community is already global
But learning is still focused on
physical classrooms and “seat time”
Knowledge-based enterprises are
working to build a global base of
human resources
• based on lifelong education, not the earlycareer degree program
Are We Ready?
To build global learning
environments around the global R&D
communities now being developed?
• The global market for highly specialized
knowledge may sustain offerings not feasible
for even the largest campus
• Faculty will need to collaborate in teaching just
as they have in research
If we don’t, others will
Are We Ready?
Information technology will provide
the capability
Faculty will build the research and
learning environments
Can our institutions support the
required organizational & financial
innovations?
More Info ...
www.Internet2.edu
[email protected]
Doug Van Houweling
Internet2
3025 Boardwalk Suite 100
Ann Arbor, MI 48108
+1.734.913.4250