Transcript Document 7364976

Aung Zaw Naing Lin
Ethic Group
Hope
Support
Care and Concern
Red Ribbon mean that I care!!!.
HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
It is a retrovirus and destroys the essential conductor of
the immune system- -the T4 cells.
AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Acquired: The virus is acquired from someone else.
Immune: A protection against disease causing microorganisms.
Deficiency: A loss of this protection.
Syndrome: A group of signs or symptoms that together define AIDS
as a human pathology.
So...AIDS is a deficiency of the human immune system
which you get from someone else.
+ It was founded in 1976 in Zaire,Africa.
+ In 1977,the first reported case of a person
(Dr.Margrethe Rask) to die of complication from the obscure
AIDS virus.
+ AIDS appeared as a clinical entity in 1981.
+ June 5, 1981 the Center for Disease Control (CDC) made
official announcement on this mysterious disease.
+ In the mean time, researchers were trying to locate “Patient Zero”
“(Gaetan Dugas) a French-Canadian airline steward”.
+ Media pay attention when actor Rock Hudson died with
AIDS in 1985.
+ Since HIV/AIDS epidemic began 20 years ago,
over 50 million people have been infected with HIV.
+ Children have lost their parents, Families have lost
their property, Communities have lost teachers,
health workers; business and government leaders,
Famous artists and Athletics, etc...
+ AIDS is already the leading cause of death in adults
(defined here as those aged 15-49).
Impact of HIV and AIDS
+Every day, an estimated 15,000 people become infected with (HIV).
+Adults and Children become infected as end of 1999
Total : 34.3 million
+Estimated death of (adult&child) from the beginning of the epidemic
to end 1999.
Total : 18.8 million.
+Over 90% of (HIV+)people do not have access/can’t afford the
various therapies.
About 15 000 new HIV infections a day in 1999
l
More than 95% are in developing countries
l
1 700 are in children under 15 years of age
l
About 13 000 are in persons aged 15 to 49 years,
of whom:
-- almost 50% are women
--
about 50% are 15–24 year olds
– 27 June 2000
Adults and children estimated to be
living with HIV/AIDS as of end 1999
Eastern Europe
Western Europe& Central Asia
420 000
520
000
East Asia & Pacific
900 000
North Africa
530 000
Caribbean
& Middle East South
South-East Asia
360 000
220 000 &5.6
million
North America
Latin America
sub-Saharan
Africa
1.3 million 24.5 million
Australia
& New Zealand
Total: 34.3 million
00001-E-1– 27 June 2000
15 000
Estimated number of people living with
People living with HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS by region, 1980 to 1999
25,000,000
Highly industrialized countries
North Africa & Middle East
20,000,000
15,000,000
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Latin America & the Caribbean
Southern & Eastern Asia
10,000,000
5,000,000
80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
+ Sex--vaginal, anal and oral
+ Direct injection--needles and syringes
+ From mother to infant--either through blood or
breast milk.
+ Blood transafusion.
Be Aware!!!
+ Breathing problems
+ Mouth problems, such as thrush (white spots), sores,
change in taste, dryness, trouble
+ Swallowing, or loose teeth
+ Fever for more than two days
+ Weight loss
+ Poor vision or "floaters" (moving lines or spots in your vision)
+ Diarrhea
+ Skin rashes or itching
+ More than 100 germs can cause opportunistic infections.
+ Some of these infections include:
- MAC (mycobacterium avium complex)
[my-ko-bak-TEER-i-um a-VEE-i-um]
- CMV (cytomegalovirus) [si-to-MEG-eh-lo-vi-res]
- TB (tuberculosis) [too-burr-qu-LO-sis]
- Toxo (toxoplasmosis) [tok-so-plaz-MO-sis]
- Crypto (cryptosporidiosis) [krip-to-spo-rid-e-O-sis]
+ Facial sarcoidosis in AIDS
Biomedical Image Archive,
University of Bristol.(Used with permission)
+ Kaposi's sarcoma (skin).
Bristol Biomedical Image Archive,
University of Bristol. (Used with permission)
+AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma
Biomedical Image Archive,
University of Bristol. (Used with permission)
+ Those people with AIDS should be take care.
+ Should have safe and good environment for their last part of
the life.
+ In rural area, even if they couldn’t get the treatment, the local
community should make comfortable environment.
+ What is Depression ?
+ Depression and HIV Infection !!!
+ Treatment of Depression in HIV Infection.
+ Psychotherapy
+ Pharmacotherapy
+ The diagnosis of depression is based on a minimal duration
of certain groups of symptoms.
+ A major depressive disorder is diagnosed when
one has several of the symptoms.
Symptoms of a Major Depression
+ Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day.
+ Diminished interest or pleasure in all or most activities.
+ Increased or decreased sleep nearly every day.
+ Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.
+ Loss of appetite or weight.
+ Insomnia or increased sleep.
+ Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt.
+ Decreased ability to concentrate.
+ Agitation.
+ Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal thoughts or suicide attempt.
+ Feelings of hopelessness.
(DSM-IV), 4th edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric press 1994:327.
+ It appears to be the most common psychiatric
disorder found among HIV-infected individuals.
+ It has a significant effect on quality of life, progression of disability
and ability to receive good medical care.
Risk factors for Major Depression in HIV
+ Previous depression or family history of depression.
+ Alcohol, IV drug or other substance use.
+ Loss of social supports.
+ Multiple losses.
Treatment
Options
Combination Therapy
Psychotherapy
Pharmacotherapy
Psychotherapy, Supportive,
Interpersonal, Cognitive-Behavioral,
Group support,etc..
Antidepressants,
Stimulants, Testosterone
Andrew Elliot, M.D
Madison Clinic at Harborview Medical Center,
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
+ His parents pass away b/c of AIDS when
he was four.
+ Danny developed symptomatic AIDS and
was cared for by his grandparents.
+ A great consolation to them all was
the support and care shown by
their neighbors and townspeople.
+ Danny
(age 5) Orphan.
+ They never felt the isolation that
some families experience.
Danny died at five years of age.
+ Scott is a hemophiliac who was transfused
with "bad" blood.
+ Many are kids like Scott who prepared
to die at the height of youth.
+ Nancy is Scott's mother.
+ She is the woman who lives with AIDS.
+ But she does not carry the virus inside of her.
+ Scott and Nancy
+ Carrying it in her heart.
+ Tiffany who is living with AIDS.
+ Her mom, an IV drug user and prostitute
died with AIDS.
+ Emma is grandmother of Tiffany.
+ She takes care of Tiffany with excesses
of love and encouragement.
Tiffany and Emma
+ She says: "Give all that you can and
all that you have.
®UNAIDS - Programme Coordinating Board,Geneva,
(25 May 2000)
® World Aids Day: Geneva, 1 December 1999
Remarks from the speeches
+ HIV and AIDS are concerns of all sectors, and all of society
+Know what to do!! How to do it!! we MUST succeed!!
Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland
Director-General (W.H.O)
+We must avoid splits between
a focus on prevention and an emphasis on care.
+To reduce HIV infections among young people by 25%
in the most heavily infected countries by 2005,
and by25% globally by 2010.
1st December “Every Year”
UNAIDS International Theme
Listen!!!
Learn!!!
Live!!!
+ Creating political will and mobilizing resources.
+ Increasing access to voluntary HIV counselling and testing.
+ Increasing access to psychosocial support and impact alleviation.
+ Improving health service.
+ Increasing access to drugs of special interest to people living with
HIV infection.
+ Countries need to develop plans for care and support as part of
their strategic planning at any level(national/district)
on HIV/AIDS.
Resources : Family members, representatives of religious
communities, health-care providers, public sectors.
+ Essential for the people living with/affected by HIV.
+ Association of people living with HIV are a good example.
+ It can help reduce stigma and other negative consequences of HIV.
+ An important goal is to support Inclusion-Enabling affected people
to live as normal members of Society.
+ Lack of income/become jobless.
+ An overall reduction in the number of household dependents.
+ Denial, ostracism and abandonment as not infrequent
social responses.
How to solve ?
+ Make donation for those who face the problems.
+ Government/private banks should give loan with/low interest.
+ Organizations(like Red Cross, UNAIDS) make some events
can support their morality and strength.
Definition
: a group of people sharing the same
geographic, cultural and economic environment.
+ In 1997, UNAIDS advocated to develop the Standards
for Care and Support in communities.
+ Health planners and the local community have to collaborate
closely.
+ The goal is to reach the needs and expectations of HIV people.
+ The community can strongly support for HIV/AIDS people.
Home care
Emotional and Social Support
+ active listening / discussing
with the problems.
+ accompany for social activities
e.g.. going to public places
Practical and Personal Support
+ light domestic duties such as
cleaning,etc..
+ helping with shopping
+ preparation of meals.
+ going to medical center/hospital
with you.
+ Powerful tool for expanding the response to the epidemic.
+ Who receive care can break the denial by Local Community.
+ Can demonstrate that no reason to fear becoming infected
through everyday contact.
+ And also help dispel misguided beliefs about HIV transmission.
+ Providing diagnosis and treatment helps decrease the rate of
spread among HIV negative people.
+ Infected people can live without discrimination in Community.
Option [I]
+ AIDS patients should be treat just like everybody.
+ They should have right to work and have normal life.
+ Isolating or discrimination to them can make situation worse
.
+ If somebody has AIDS and spread it intentionally, he/she
convicted as a murder.
Option [II]
+ From the point of natural development, AIDS is a very normal
phenomena in the history of human.
+ But the problem is it is becoming as a war between human and
nature.
+ Do our best to fight against it in order to maintain the control.
+ For AIDS patients, the best way is to treat them properly and
make them comfortable, try to lengthen their life span.
+ In this actual situation around as-good/bad-we know the way
to protect our self.
+ So, Try our best!! That’s the correct attitude of life.
Option [II]
+ HIV is seem to be deathly for everybody.
+ But if you have unrisk behavior, you will safe!!!
+ AIDS peoples are just like everybody, but they have to
take care themselves to live long time.
+ They should know what is that and how can spread to others.
+ So, they can protect and not to generate HIV to the other people.
Option [ from Aung ]
+ The impact of this epidemic is seriously to our human.
+ As we survive as always, we must try our best.
+ But the risks are too high for that.
+ For AIDS people specially children, we should have
special treatment and care system.
+ The government/NGO should make the grant/fund for those
children.
+ Also, we have to increase the rate of access to the drug/vaccine.
+ In the mean time, we have to stick together and fight against
this disease from different point of view.
+ The knowledge of this disease is need for people
living in developing countries.
+ The supporting and caring program are essential for
AIDS patients.
+ If we can improve the effective strategy, the infection rate can
be decrease.
+ Anyway, everybody who live on the earth should be responsible
to fight against AIDS.
AIDS
AIDS is a sickness………….
I feel that people who have AIDS are not different than us.
Please take my hand and I will be your friend!!!
I will find help for you!!!
I will help you see the light of day, every day!!!
Christine Genco (age 12)