Transcript Imperialism What is it? Opposing Imperialism Supporting Imperialism

Imperialism
What is it?
Supporting Imperialism
Opposing Imperialism
Spanish-American War
“A splendid little war.”
Spain controlled Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Guam.
Cubans rebel against the Spanish. Spain puts many of the
rebels in concentration camps. 1/8th of Cuba’s population
(200,000) died of illness and starvation.
This concerned the U.S. for two reasons:
1. Many U.S. businesses had invested in Cuba
2. Cuba is only 90
miles from Florida.
Spanish-American War
President McKinley offered to buy Cuba, but Spain refused.
Yellow Journalism - exaggerating and sensationalizing
news to achieve a goal.
Publishers wrote about Spanish
crimes and atrocities in Cuba.
Many people wanted a war.
Publisher William Randolph
Hearst said “You give me pictures
and I will give you a war.”
Spanish-American War
Spanish-American War
On February 15, 1898, the U.S. battleship Maine was
anchored near Havana when it exploded, killing 260.
U.S. claims it was a Spanish mine; Spain claims there were
no mines. What did the “yellow press” say?
“Remember the Maine!”
Spanish-American War
When Spain refuses to leave Cuba, the U.S. declared war on
April 25, 1898.
Last war was 34 years before (longest span between U.S.
wars). U.S. is unprepared for the war:
- uniforms
- ammunition
- medical
supplies
- food
Spanish-American War
Before war was declared, the Assistant Secretary of the Navy
decided to include the Philippines in the war.
While the Secretary was out, he ordered the U.S. fleet in Hong
Kong (under Admiral George Dewey) to sail to Manila Bay.
Spanish-American War
On May 1, 1898, the U.S. fleet attacked the weaker Spanish
fleet in Manila Bay. The battle lasted one day.
The Spanish fleets surrendered and turned the Philippines
over to the U.S.
Spanish-American War
In Cuba, the main focus was the city of Santiago.
Both the U.S. and Spain send fleets to Santiago Bay. When
the Spanish fleet arrives, the U.S. begins a blockade.
Spanish-American War
Theodore Roosevelt left the Navy to lead a cavalry regiment
called the “Rough Riders”.
The “Rough Riders” helped the war by charging up and
holding onto San Juan Hill (which overlooks Santiago),
Spanish-American War
The U.S. fleet (under Admiral Sampson) trapped the Spanish
fleet (under Admiral Cervera) in Santiago Bay.
Instead of surrendering, Cervera chose to run the blockade
and is annihilated.
Spanish-American War
Spanish-American War
Two weeks after the naval battle, Santiago surrendered.
The U.S. Navy then captured Puerto Rico.
Spanish-American War
On August 29, 1898, both countries agree to an armistice.
One of the shortest U.S. wars. (4 months)
One of the most decisive wars. (won all major battles)
Death toll: 5,462
Battle Deaths: 379
Deaths from disease: 5,083
(yellow fever, dysentery, malaria)
Spanish-American War
On December 10, 1898, Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the
war.
Treaty gave U.S. control of Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico,
and Guam.
Question: What do we
do with these new
lands?
Spanish-American War
Philippine Insurrection
Philippine Insurrection
Emilio Aguinaldo
Anti-Imperialism League
Mark Twain
Andrew Carnegie
William Jennings Bryan
Anti-Imperialism League
Panama Canal
Roosevelt Corollary
“Speak softly and carry a big stick”
Roosevelt Corollary
Roosevelt Corollary
Guantanamo Bay