Transcript Document 7355182

ELECTRIC TRACTION
SYSTEMS
Prepared By :
MOTIVATION
• Sheer size and roaring sound.
• Use of electronics to bring down distance
and time.
• A fascination for electrical students
- Use of traction motors
- Speed Control
- Braking
TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED
• Traction system, its classification and
nomenclature.
• Power Supply in Electric Traction (AC and
DC systems).
• Traction motors used.
• Control of traction motors.
• Braking.
TRACTION SYSTEM,
ITS CLASSIFICATION
AND
NOMENCLATURE
INTRODUCTION
• Traction - locomotion on the rails (driving
force - steam or electric drive)
• Classification of Traction Systems:
> Non-Electric
> Electric
- receive electricity externally
- self contained locomotives
NOMENCLATURE IN INDIAN
RAILWAYS
Name consists of four parts
e.g. WDP2: Diesel-Electric Passenger train running on broad gauge
W/Y/Z
(Gauge
type)
A/D
(Mode of
traction)
P/G/M/S
(What for it
is used)
W  B.G.
A  AC Traction
P  Passenger
Y  M.G.
D  Diesel-Electric
G  Goods
Z  N.G.
Traction (Not DC Traction)
2/4/6/2C
(Model
No.)
M Mixed (Passenger and Goods)
S  Shunting
TYPES OF GAUGES USED
Type of Gauge
Gauge Width
1.
Standard Gauge or Broad Gauge (B.G)
1.676 m
2.
Meter Gauge (M.G)
1.0 m
3.
Narrow Gauge (N.G)
0.762 m
4.
Light Gauge (L.G)
0.610 m
TYPES OF RAILWAY SERVICES
 Main line service
 City service or urban service
 Sub-urban service
SYSTEMS OF TRACK
ELECTRI-FICATION
 Direct current system
 Single phase low frequency a.c system
 Single phase high frequency a.c system
 Three phase a.c system
 Composite system
- Single phase to Three phase
- Single Phase to Direct Current
POWER SUPPLY IN
ELECTRIC TRACTION
(AC AND DC SYSTEMS)
POWER SUPPLY IN ELECTRIC
TRACTION
•Conductor Rail System
•Overhead System
Contact strips
Horn
Pantograph arm
Fig: Pantograph and its parts
OVERHEAD LINE CATENARY
TYPES OF OVERHEAD
CATENARY
CONTROL
OF
TRACTION MOTORS
CONTROL OF DC TRACTION
MOTORS
• Rheostatic Control
•Series-Parallel Control
CONTROL OF DC TRACTION
MOTORS (Contd.)
• Field Weakening Method
• Diesel-Electric Locomotive Control
CONTROL OF AC INDUCTION
MOTOR
•
•
•
•
Rheostatic Control
Pole-Changing Control
Cascade Control
Combination of Cascading and PoleChanging Control
BRAKING
OF
TRACTION MOTORS
BRAKING
• Electrical Braking
- Plugging
- Rheostatic Braking
- Regenerative Braking
• Mechanical Braking
- Compressed Air Brake
- Vacuum Brake
- Magnetic Track Brake
REGENERATIVE BRAKING
ADVANCED TRACTION
SYSTEMS
• Multiple Unit Traction System (EMU,
DMU)
• Driving force – from multiple units
• EMU – suburban railway transport
• Rheostatic Control
CONCLUSION
• Advanced technologies – Magnetic
Levitation used for ultra high speed trains
• Electric traction – economical, easy and
safe
ANY QUESTIONS ???