Transcript The untapped Water and Energy Efficiency Opportunities in Municipal Water Systems

The untapped Water and
Energy Efficiency
Opportunities in Municipal
Water Systems
Mike Rabe
City Energy Strategies
Conference
19 - 21 November 2003
Cape Town
Who is the Alliance to Save
Energy ?
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U.S. based NGO coalition of prominent business,
government, environmental and consumer leaders
who promote the efficient and clean use of energy
worldwide to benefit the environment, economy,
and major stakeholders
Expertise in Building, Industrial, International,
Financing, Utility, Water and Energy management,
Policy, Market Development, and Education
sectors
Over 70 Alliance Associates
Alliance runs programmes in many countries
around the world
What is the relationship
between water and energy?
In many water supply systems (water and
wastewater), energy represents the single
biggest input cost in the final delivered
product
Wasted Water = Wasted Energy Resources
Addressing inefficiencies in systems results in
substantial water savings and hence also
substantial energy savings
Therefore substantial quantities of energy can be
saved within municipal water systems
What does the Alliance do?
Initiated the ‘Watergy Programme’ in various
European countries, Brazil, India, Mexico, and
South Africa
Watergy underway as a programme in four
S.A. cities, funded by USAID
Helps set up Efficiency Management teams
Assists in accessing financial resources
Co-manages the implementation of technical
improvements to water systems
Disseminates best practice through case
studies
What does the Alliance plan to do
in South Africa?
Leak reduction programmes
Pressure Management
Planning and setting up Energy Efficiency cells
Biogas utilization
Water audits and benchmarking,
in Buffalo City, Mogale City, Sol Plaatje
and Polokwane
What are the challenges to this
programme?
Lack of information
Lack of capacity
Lack of financial resource
Context within S.A.
Much change within municipal environment
over the last 10 years
Focus on many issues except perhaps efficiency
Extension of service delivery to low income
areas is critically needed but cannot be
expanded sufficiently due to constraints on
resources
=>A solution to this constraint is to create
efficiencies within the existing systems
The Solution-Watergy Efficiency
Supply Side Efficiency
Measures
WATERGY
Comprehensive
Demand /Supply Side
Approach Synergies
Demand Side Efficiency
Measures
Consumers
Residential/Industrial
Efficiency
Watergy
Efficiency
seeks to cost
effectively deliver
water services
while minimizing
water and energy
use.
=
Water supply systems offer
multiple opportunities to
directly reduce water and
energy waste while better
serving the customers’
needs
___________________
•Leak and Loss
Reduction
•Operations &
Maintenance
•Pumping systems
•Primary/secondary
wastewater treatment
•Pressure Management
•Preventative Maintenance
+
Reducing demand by
helping the consumer use
water more efficiently
decreases the required
water supply saving both
energy and water
__________________
•Water efficient
household appliances
•Metering, billing and
credit control
•Low-flow plumbing
fixtures
•Industrial water reuse
•Leak and water
waste reduction
•Aligning Level of Service
to affordability
+
Looking at a water system
comprehensively and
making sure efficiency
projects are designed in
tandem creates even
greater efficiency
opportunities
_____________________
•Right sizing pump systems
after reducing consumer
demand
•Identified cascading
effects of efficiencies
•Avoided wastewater
treatment by promoting
reuse and reducing
demand
•Embed principles in
building codes
Synergies resulting from comanaging water and energy
resources
Reduce Costs
Improve affordability / sustainability
Allows for expansion of service delivery
footprint
Cuts Air Pollution
Improve Public Health
Upgrade Water and Energy Services
Minimize Strain on Natural Resources
Reduce or Eliminate Major Capital
Investment
What can Municipalities do to
Promote Watergy Efficiency?
Create management infrastructure (people aspect,
competency and capacity)
Expand bulk water metering and monitoring
systems (procedures)
Develop baselines and metrics (benchmarking)
Carry out facility assessments (systems audit)
Establish goals and record success
Develop an action plan for addressing waste
Seek outside assistance
Mobilize community action
Management and leadership are key
Supply Side and Demand Side
Intervention
Supply Side:
 Addressing leaks
 low c-value (high friction) for pipes
 improper system layout
 system over-design
 incorrect equipment selection
 old, outdated equipment
 Lack of preventative and proactive maintenance
 Poor reactive maintenance
 wastage of usable water
 inefficient pumps and motors, correcting power factors
 Pressure management
 Load shifting
Supply Side and Demand Side
Intervention (cont.)
Demand Side:
Metering, billing and revenue collection
Retrofitting water efficient household appliances
including toilets
Industrial water reuse
Leak and water waste reduction
Efficient basin Aerators
Efficient washing appliances
Matching service level provision to affordability
Xeriscaping
Drip Irrigation
Rebate installation programmes
Case Study: Results of a co-ordinated supply and
demand side approach to water services in the
Kagiso area of Mogale City
Results/Benefits
Substantial water and energy savings
Efficiencies created
Reduced sewage flows
Reduced cost of sewage treatment
(quantitative and qualitative)
Increased payment percentages for wet
services
Postponement of substantial CAPEX
Another key principle: Efficiency
attracts development
The case of SAB-Miller in Mogale City:
SAB-Miller represents the single biggest user of
water in Mogale City (10% of total) and hence also
the single biggest source of revenue from water for
the City
Water is the largest input cost into brewing beer
Creating efficiencies=>reduces cost of water to the
end-user=>attracts future national expansion in
capacity of SAB-Miller
SAVE WATER – DRINK BEER !!!
Industrial Demand Side
Approaches
 Water Reuse
 Austin,Texas is developing an entire piping system
for recaptured water to be used in a large variety of
industrial and irrigation purposes throughout the
city saving 150 million liter per day
 California reuses over 160 billion gallons of water
for irrigation and industries
 eThekwini Municipality has implemented an
industrial water reuse project
Demand-Side Action Case of
Toronto Canada
Goal- Reduce peak water demand and waste
water treatment by 15 (220 million liters per
day) percent by 2015
Motivation- Demand is predicted to outstrip
supply in 10-15 years dictating the need for
costly infrastructure investments
Process- Created a cross sectional water
efficiency team with both demand and supply
side expertise
Case of Toronto Canada
Actions
Leak reduction program- reduced 30 million liters
per day
Low flow toilet installation program
Horizontal Washing machine program
Industrial capacity buy-back program
Results
Efficiency measures cost 1/3 of building new
capacity
Other examples in S.A.
Operation Gcin’amanzi project in Soweto
Khayalitsha pressure management
project
eThekwini optimization of water system
Least cost planning as adapted to the
Western Highveld
----- keep listening!!!
For More Information
Mike Rabe
[email protected]
27 11 416 3015
or
Seth Baruch at the
Alliance to Save Energy
[email protected]
www.ase.org