Transcript Document 7321951

POETRY
POETRY
A
type of
literature that
expresses
ideas, feelings,
or tells a story
in a specific
form (usually
using lines and
stanzas)
POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY
POET
 The
poet is the
author of the
poem.
SPEAKER
 The
speaker of
the poem is the
“narrator” of the
poem.
POETRY FORM

LINE - a group of
words together on one
line of the poem
 Lines
are sometimes
numbered

STANZA - a group of
lines arranged
together
 Stanzas
might also be
numbered so BE
CAREFUL
1
1
4
2
A word is dead
When it is said,
Some say.
I say it just
Begins to live
That day.
KINDS OF STANZAS
Couplet
=
Triplet (Tercet)=
Quatrain
=
Quintet
=
Sestet (Sextet)
Septet
=
Octave
=
a two line stanza
a three line stanza
a four line stanza
a five line stanza
= a six line stanza
a seven line stanza
an eight line stanza
FORM VS. FREE VERSE
 Form
poems follow a pattern. It will have
structure, rhyming, meter, and/or more.
 Free
Verse poems have no pattern. They
could be one big stanza, stanzas of
varying length, inconsistent or no rhyming,
and inconsistent or no rhythm.
RHYTHM
 The
beat created by the sounds of the
words in a poem (meter, rhyme,
alliteration and refrain).
 Meter - A repeating pattern of stressed
and unstressed syllables.
 Alliteration – Words appearing in
sequence that begin with the same sound
ex: Allen alligator, Fancy phone
 Refrain – A part (entire line or more) of
the poem that is repeated.
FREE VERSE POETRY
 Unlike
metered poetry, free verse poetry
does NOT have any repeating patterns
of stressed and unstressed syllables.
 Does NOT have rhyme scheme.
 Free verse poetry is very conversational
- sounds like someone talking with you.
 A more modern type of poetry.
RHYME SCHEME
A
rhyme scheme is a pattern of
rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not
always).
Use
the letters of the alphabet to
represent sounds to be able to
visually “see” the pattern.
SAMPLE RHYME SCHEME
The Germ by Ogden Nash
A mighty creature is the germ,
Though smaller than the pachyderm.
His customary dwelling place
Is deep within the human race.
His childish pride he often pleases
By giving people strange diseases.
Do you, my poppet, feel infirm?
You probably contain a germ.
a
a
b
b
c
c
a
a
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF POETRY





Onomatopoeia - Words that imitate the sound they are
naming (buzz, splash, pop, …)
Alliteration - Consonant sounds repeated at the
beginnings of words (Peter Piper picked…)
Consonance - Similar to alliteration EXCEPT, the
repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere in the
words “silken, sad, uncertain, rustling...”
Assonance - Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines
of poetry. (Lake, Ate, Base - all share the long “a”.)
Repetition – A single word or small group of words that
is repeated.
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
Simile - A comparison of two things using “like” or
“as.” “She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”
 Metaphor - A direct comparison of two unlike
things. ex: “All the world’s a stage, and we are
merely players.” - William Shakespeare
 Hyperbole - Exaggeration often used for emphasis.
 Idiom - An expression where the literal meaning is
not the meaning of the expression. It means
something other than what it actually says. ex:
“It’s raining cats and dogs.”

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE CONT.
Personification - An animal given human-like
qualities or an object given life-like qualities. ex:
Earth felt the wound; and Nature from her seat,
Sighing, through all her works, gave signs of woe.
~ Paradise Lost by John Milton
 Symbolism – When a person, place, thing, or event
so represents or stands for something else. ex:
white = purity, bald eagle = USA, …

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE CONT.
Allusion - A reference (it alludes to) to something
famous. ex: refer to someone as a Scrooge = mean
and selfish
 Imagery - Language that appeals to the senses.
Most images are visual, but they can also appeal to
the senses of sound, touch, taste, or smell.
then with cracked hands that ached
from labor in the weekday weather . . .
~ from “Those Winter Sundays”

REVIEW
 Poet
– author of the poem
 Speaker – voice that narrates/says the poem
 Line – a line of words working together
 Stanza – a group of lines
 Couplet (2), Triplet/Tercet (3), Quatrain (4),
Quintet (5)
 Form poem – identifiable structure or pattern
 Free verse – no pattern or structure
MORE REVIEW
 Rhyme
scheme – a system of using letters to
label a rhyme pattern
 Structural Elements – onomatopoeia,
alliteration, consonance, assonance,
repetition
 Figurative Language – simile, metaphor,
hyperbole, idiom, personification, symbolism,
allusion, imagery