Transcript Argon • Refrigeration • Supply • Purity

Argon
• Refrigeration
• Supply
• Purity
4/5/2005
FLARE Cryogenics, RLSchmitt
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Argon Refrigeration
•Heat load summary
•LN circulation
•LN supply
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Heat Load Summary
• Tank heat load 0.05%/day
• Flash during filling, assuming
5 psig supply
• Vapor displaced during filling
47kW
• Total with 1.25 factor
68 kW
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6kW
1.5 kW
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LN Supply Perspective
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Flare Usage 34 tons/day
Fermilab usage 45 to 78 tons/day
CHL liquefier 100 ton/day
12 trucks or 5 railcars per week
LN cost at Fermilab $62/ton
2002 budget price for 100 ton/day liquefier
$2.9 million
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Nitrogen Circulation
Nitrogen storage
Argon condensers
inside tank
•Condensers inside tank to minimize argon handling
•Redundant pumps, heat exchangers, etc.
•Nothing extraordinary
•Needs further development to improve cost estimate
•Present estimate $460k
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LN Supply Tasks
• Five liquefier vendors contacted recently
• Failures
– Power failures
– Mechanical breakdowns
– LN leak inside detector tank
– Supply interruptions
• Detector Tank loses 25 tons argon/day
without cooling
• Zero backflow vent system needed
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Argon Supply
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Praxiar quotation in January 2004
$37 million, truck delivery, ~1ppm
RR cars would be less expensive
Oxygen concentration is negotiable, 1ppm
is proven without extraordinary effort
• Could use multiple suppliers
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Argon Receiving
• Procedure proven at Dzero, NWA and
E706
– Connect to truck
– Test carefully, accept or reject
– Testing includes oxygen concentration,
electron lifetime, possibly other tests
• Pump through purifier into intermediate
tank
• Test and pump into detector tank
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Receiving Further Development
• Failure scenarios
– Adding contaminated delivery to main tank
– Spill during connection
• Further development
– Piping Schematic
– Instrumentation requirements
– Estimated time to connect and test
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Sources of impurity
• Argon Supply
• Surfaces
– Tank shell
– Cable insulation
– Other material
• Leaks and permeation
– Mechanical seals
• Dead volumes
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Argon Purifiers
• Purifying equipment would probably run for the
life of the project as well as during filling
• ICARUS used Messer Oxisorb, proprietary
regeneration
• Air Liquide offers a packaged liquid purifier,
$400k. Regeneration would consume $800k of
argon during filling. Possibly can recover most
of it.
• Praxair offers gas purifier for $600k
• Earnhart(Trigon) offers regenerable adsorbent
• All of these should be evaluated further
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High Purity Specifications
• Rough tank purging
– High capacity intermediate system?
– Further purging?
– High purity system with high regeneration?
• Specification for leak testing
• Specification for tank surfaces, tank cleaning,
procedures during detector construction, cable
insulation
• Specification for all argon handling equipment
and piping
• Further development needed
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Purification Testing
• Testing is needed to prove high purity can
be achieved without evacuation and with
reasonable fabrication requirements
• Outgassing in vacuum has been studied,
but how is the rate affected by an Argon
atmosphere or temperature?
• Testing can be done on a reasonable
scale
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Effort estimates
• Purity issues, a man-year of process
engineering, plus technician and drafting
support
• M&S budget to avoid re-inventing parts
that are commercially available, $100k
• Refrigeration and Supply, two man-months
of engineering to improve cost estimate
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