Transcript Document 7289236

POMONA
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Weed & Seed Program Evaluation
CSU Pomona
Master’s of Public Administration/
Political Science
December 1, 2005
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Weed & Seed Program Evaluation
•
•
•
•
“The Team”
Pre-Test Phase
Program Implementation
Post-Test Phase
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Weed and Seed Strategy
What issues were the focus of the evaluation?
•
•
•
•
Law Enforcement
Community Policing
Prevention – Intervention – Treatment
Neighborhood Restoration
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Evaluation Overview
• Evaluation Reinforced Some Assumptions
• New Issues Emerged
– Differences among the districts
– Useful for implementation
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Program Environment and
Current Operations
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Current Operations and
Environment
•Pomona Police Department
•Patrol Division
•Records Division
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Patrol Division
• Strengths
– Officers work well as a team
– Familiarity with assigned neighborhood
– Information sharing
• Challenges
– Residents hesitancy to talk with police
– Cultural & language barriers
– Shortage of officers
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Patrol Division
• Possible effects of Weed & Seed
– Bottleneck of the adjudication process
– Potential delay in calls for service
– Hindrance to the patrol process
• Survey Analysis
– Residents feelings toward their
neighborhood
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Records Division
Function
•Records
Management
System
•State Criminal
Justice databases
•Report Statistics
to DOJ & State
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Records Division
• Strengths
– Manager Judy Ramsey
– Staff
• Challenges
– Cumbersome paper system
– Backlog
– Employee retention
– Lack of resources
• Potential effect of weeding
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Focus Groups
and
Elite Interviews
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
FOCUS GROUP
Federal
vs.
Local
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Ways the Weed and Seed Committee
intended to measure Success
•Reducing Crimes
•Establishing or improving after-school programs
•Integrating social services and delivery of those services
•Employment of more youth in an effort to increase their
participation in the community, and
•Empowering residents by encouraging them to cooperate
with each other and participate in the improvement of
their community’s quality of life. Also a renewed focus on
the literacy of youth and residents is a program goal.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Elite Interviews
• Areas of agreement:
– Presence of gangs
– Lack of youth programs
– Cultural barriers and the need for the
assimilation of new immigrants into the
community, and
– Lack of trust between residents and the City’s
Police Department
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Elite Interviews – Differences and
Challenges
• Differences among Committee members:
– Residents lack of education
– Concerns about the influence of unelected
representatives on programs and policies, and
– The impact of old and perhaps outdated,
infrastructure in the City
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Models for Success
of the Weed and Seed Program
• Analysis suggested four (4) models that the
Weed and Seed Program should focus on:
1. High Blight = High Crime: focus resources on
physical restoration of the area
2. Youth Development = New City: focus
resources on serving young children and
youth, making a positive impact on their
future
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Models For Success (cont’d)
3. Diversity…A Gap Breaker: Focus on gaining a
better understanding of immigrant and nonimmigrant issues and work to resolve them.
4. Community Policing: The Pomona Police
Department should focus on fostering
positive community relations, particularly
with the Spanish-speaking community of the
target area, in a effort to gain their trust.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Record Description and
Analysis-City Wide
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Trends in Robbery Arrests for the City of Pomona
from 1997-2003: Citywide and Juveniles
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Juvenile Burglary Arrests (cont…)
Juvenile felony arrests for burglary
70
Observed
Linear
60
•City Wide-Not
Significant
50
40
30
1
2
3
4
Sequence
5
6
7
•JuvenileSignificant
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Motor Vehicle Arrests (cont…)
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Drug Arrest 1997-2003
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Trends in Adult Assault and
Juvenile Rape 2001-2004
juv. rape arrest = -1199.00 + 0.60 * year
R-Square = 0.60
adult agg. assault arrest = -22316.00 + 11.20 * year
R-Square = 0.44

130.00
Linear Regression
Linear Regression
3.00



2002.00
2003.00
2004.00
120.00
juv. rape arrest
adult agg. assault arrest


110.00
100.00
2.50
2.00
1.50
90.00

80.00
1.00
2001.00
2002.00
2003.00
2004.00

2001.00
year reported- city wide
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
year reported- city wide
Burglary Arrests: Adults and
Juveniles
Compare w/ 19972003
Compare w/ 19972003
•Declining pattern
• not significant
juv burglary arrest = 10651.00 + -5.30 * year
R-Square = 0.56
adult burglary arrest = 10750.00 + -5.30 * year
R-Square = 0.59
150.00


Linear Regression
Linear Regression
145.00
juv burglary arrest
adult burglary arrest
45.00
140.00
135.00


40.00


35.00
30.00

130.00

2001.00
2002.00
2003.00
2004.00
2001.00
year reported- city wide
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
2002.00
2003.00
year reported- city wide
2004.00
Auto Theft Arrests: Adults and
Juvenile
Compare w/ 1997-2003
Compare w/ 1997-2003
•increasing pattern
•decreasing pattern
juv. auto theft arrest = 11050.00 + -5.50 * year
R-Square = 0.39
adult auto theft arrest = -21880.50 + 11.00 * year
R-Square = 0.46


Linear Regression
Linear Regression
170.00
160.00
150.00


140.00
juv. auto theft arrest
adult auto theft arrest

40.00

30.00
130.00
120.00

2001.00

20.00
2002.00
2003.00
2004.00
2001.00
year reported- city wide
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
2002.00
2003.00
year reported- city wide
2004.00
Juvenile Drug Arrests
juv misdem. drugs arrest = -15798.00 + 7.90 * year
R-Square = 0.56

juv misdem . drugs arrest
40.00
Linear Regression
Compare w/
1997-2003
•decreasing
pattern of felony
drug crimes
30.00
20.00


10.00

2001.00
2002.00
2003.00
2004.00
year reported- city wide
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Record Description and
Analysis-By District
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
District Data
• The Weed & Seed districts report higher
incidence of crimes in the following
categories:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Homicides
Rapes
Robbery
Assaults
Burglary
Larceny
Auto theft
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Weed and Seed Area -VSTypical District
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
District Data
• Actual Arrests in the Weed & Seed
Districts almost tripled as compared to the
Typical districts.
• District 84 reports more crime than
Districts 83 and 87.
-District 84 residents are twice as likely
to report assaults.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
FIELD OBSERVATION
DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Field Observations
•The Instrument
–DOJ Framework
–Descriptive Definitions
•Observers
–Gender
–Ethnicity
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Field Observations
DEBRIS
Private
Areas
Public
Areas
Glass
15.8%
10.5
Garbage
21.1
17.3
19.5
Graffiti
17.3
12.
5.3
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Both
6.0%
Field Observations
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
% observed vehicles moving-6 or
more
Field Observations
50
Traffic
40
30
44.83%
20
32.61%
24.07%
10
0
83
87
police reporting dist
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
84
Field Observations
Police Observation
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Field Observations
• Pets, Odors, Noise
– Area, District,
North/South
– Observers’
Gender/Ethnicity
• People
– Adults observed
most frequently
– Area, District,
North/South
– Observers’
Gender/Ethnicity
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Survey Overview and
Description of Process
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Resident Surveys
• When, Where, and How
• Neighborhood conditions:
- Police, City Services, Crime
- Now vs. 2 years ago
• Conducted on last weekend of October 2005
• Population 14,664 => 326 Surveys
• Target Area Parameters: 60 Freeway South,
Lexington Ave North, Reservoir Street East, 71
Freeway West.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Districts
83 84
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
87
Survey Respondents
•
•
•
•
•
Hispanic
Full time worker under 45
2/3 Property owners
Income $35,000 to $50,000
3 or fewer children
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Resident Surveys
13 Questions
• 25% Neighborhood Perception
No Serious Issue
Differences
• 24% Vandalism among youth
• 26.1% Thought not an issue
• 23.3% Lack of jobs as a serious issue
• 25.5% Do not know if it is or not
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Survey Analysis Neighborhood
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Survey Analysis Neighborhood
•Asked 32 questions regarding their
neighborhood
•Significance in only 8 areas
•5 of these areas showed moderate
relationship vs strong relationship
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Survey Analysis Neighborhood
% know and trust more than 2 years ago
Do know/trust more or fewer * age in 3 groups
50
40
30
20
10
0
under 36
36-55
age in 3 groups
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
over 55
Survey Analysis Neighborhood
% responses illegal drug use is
serious problem
How residents viewed drug usage in their neighborhood
50
40
30
20
10
0
83 rpt district
84 rpt. district
District of PPD
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
87 rpt. district
Survey Analysis Neighborhood
Views on Robberies Linked to Views on Gangs
% views toward robbery or street crime
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
serious
moderate
minor
presence of gangs
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
no issue
Survey Analysis Neighborhood
Views on Robberies Linked to Views About Jobs
%views toward robbery or street crime
50
40
30
20
10
0
serious
moderate
minor
lack of jobs
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
no issue
Survey Analysis Neighborhood
Views on Robberies Linked to Drug Treatment
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
EMPOWERMENT
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Neighborhood Empowerment
Stop Spray
Painting
Take steps in getting
city services
Neighborhood
assessment
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
What are the residents views about the
likelihood of stopping spray painting
TODAY VS.
2 YEARS AGO
• Equal percentage More likely and
no change
80
% likely to interrupt youths spray painting
• 58% - Very likely
• Over 55 – More
likely
60
40
76.09%
57.69%
50.93%
20
0
under 36
36-55
age groups (years)
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
over 55
What are the residents views about the
likelihood of stopping spray painting
respondent's gender
b. female
a. male
% likely of youths spray painting
60
50
40
57.9
44.1
30
33.3
27.5
23.6
20
22.2
under 36
36-55
over 55
Age in 3 Groups
Males are more likely to intervene than females
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
What are the residents views about taking
steps to get city services
• 68% - very likely to somewhat likely
• 40% under the age of 36 – unlikely
• Older residents – more likely
TODAY VS. 2 YEARS AGO
• Residents feel they are as willing to take
steps today as they felt two years ago
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
• 48% - satisfied
• 32.5% - somewhat
satisfied
• Older - more satisfied
TODAY VS.
2 YEARS AGO
• 42% - same
• 33% - more satisfied
% satisfied with neighborhood
compared to two years ago
What are the residents views of the
neighborhood
60
District of PPD
83 rpt district
87 rpt. district
84 rpt. district
50
40
30
20
10
0
under 36
36-55
age in 3 groups
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
over 55
•
•
•
District 84 and 87 –
more satisfied
District 83 –
less satisfied
District 84 –
as age increases,
neighborhood satisfaction
declined
TODAY VS.
2 YEARS AGO:
• Owners – more satisfied than
renters
% dissatisfied with
neighborhood compared to two
years ago
Which residents are dissatisfied with the
neighborhood
60
District of P
50
84 rpt. dis
87 rpt. dis
83 rpt dist
40
30
20
10
0
owner
renter
own or rent?
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Crime and Safety
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Crime in the Neighborhood
• Difference
between
Districts
• District 83
PPD
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Safety in the Neighborhood
• Difference
between
Districts
• Large
Percentages
PPD
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Safety and Gender
• Gender
Differences
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Police and City Services
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Police and City Services
• Calls regarding family
members were viewed
more positively.
• Views regarding
controlling the sale of
illegal drugs were more
negative.
• District 84 had most
positive views of police.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Police and City Services
• Police response to
calls regarding a
family member.
– 36% working outside
of the home were
very satisfied.
– 15% not working
outside of the home
very satisfied.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Summary of Survey Findings
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Summary of Survey
• Empowerment with spray painting varied
by gender and age.
• Neighborhood satisfaction varied by
district.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Summary of Survey
Key Findings
• Whether residents trusted neighbors today
versus two years ago varied by age.
• How residents viewed drug usage varied
by district.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Summary of Survey
• Signs of home break-ins varied by
districts.
• Concerns about safety after dark varied by
district.
• District 83 reported more incidents with
crimes.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Summary of Survey
• Economic factors as indicators of positive
attitudes towards police:
– Satisfaction with police response to call about family
member vs. working or not
– Income vs. improvement of police responsiveness
over past two years
• Most likely to speak with police officers:
– Renters vs. owners
– Having 1 child or less in home
• District 84 showed most positive views of police
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Conclusions and
Recommendations
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Crime
• Decline
– Robbery arrests
– Burglary arrests
– Narcotics arrests
• Rise
– Motor vehicle arrests
– Juvenile rape cases
– Adult assault arrests
• Lowest crime level: District 87
• Highest crime level: District 84
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Neighborhoods
• Quality of structures
– Good to excellent vs. fair to poor
– Few physical problems
– Exceptions:
• Litter
• Traffic
• No police presence during the weekend
• Major differences were between districts
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Districts
• District 87
– Bordered by Reservoir and Towne
– Least concern with crime
– Most positive neighbor image
• District 84
– Bordered by Garey and Towne
– Most reported crimes and litter
– Highest support for police efforts
• District 83
– Bordered by 60 and 71 freeways and Garey
– Greatest amount of traffic
– Highest number of residents feeling unsafe
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
Recommendations
•
•
•
•
Encourage anonymous tips
Customize programs for district needs
Expand daytime role of officers
Additional personnel and/or technology
resources
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
MPA/PLS thanks to :
Pomona City Manager's Office
Weed and Seed Committee
California State Attorney General's Office
Pomona Police Department especially the:
Patrol Division
Records Bureau
Cadet Program
CSU Pomona's Kellogg Foundation and -Participating Residents of Pomona's Weed and
Seed area
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
POMONA
Thank you.
Q&A in Multipurpose Room
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona